1. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 1 of 24 Objectives Identify the five main roles of the skeletal system. Describe the functions of bones and joints. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Explain how you can keep your skeletal system healthy.

2. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 2 of 24 Why do you think that teens might not always practice these healthful behaviors? Switch to QuickTake version of the quiz. Quick Quiz Complete each of these statements with always, sometimes, or never. I ____ warm up before exercising. When I ride a bicycle or play contact sports, I ____ wear a helmet and other protective gear. When I ride in a vehicle, I ____ fasten my seat belt. My backpack for school is ____ less that 15% of my body weight. I ____ make an effort to eat balance meals and exercise regularly.

3. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 3 of 24 Your skeletal system has five main roles. Functions of the Skeletal System provides support protects internal organs allows your body to move stores and produces materials that your body needs

4. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 4 of 24 Your skeleton is made up of all the bones in your body. Support and Protection Your skeleton gives your body its basic shape and provides the support that you need. Many bones of the skeletal system protect internal organs.

5. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 5 of 24 In coordination with your muscular and nervous systems, your skeletal system allows you to move. Movement

6. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 6 of 24 Your bones store essential substances which are released when other parts of the body need them. Storage and Production of Materials Some bones also produce blood cells.

7. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 7 of 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 The Skeletal System 1) Sternum (breastbone) 2) Vertebral column (backbone) 3) Carpals 4) Metacarpals 5) Phalanges 6) Tarsals 7) Metatarsals 8) Phalanges 9) Clavicle (collarbone) 10) Scapula (shoulder blade) 11) Humerus 12) Ribs 13) Radius 14) Ulna 15) Pelvic girdle 16) Femur 17) Patella 18) Fibula 19) Tibia Skull

8. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 8 of 24 Your skeletal system is made up of just over 200 bones. Bones and Joints A place in your body where two or more of your bones come together is called a joint.

9. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 9 of 24 Your bones are living structures that undergo change throughout your life. Development of Bones Cartilage is a tough supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone. By young adulthood, most of this cartilage is replaced by bone in a process called ossification (ahs uh fih KAY shun). In a process called ossification minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, are deposited within the cartilage, making it hard.

10. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 10 of 24 Bone consists of two different types of tissue— compact bone and spongy bone. Structure of Bones Another type of tissue called marrow fills the spaces in bones. There are two types of marrow—red and yellow.

11. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 11 of 24 Compact Bone Compact bone makes up the outer layer of all bones. Although it looks dense and solid, It is full of holes for nerves and blood vessels. Spongy Bone Spongy bone contains flat and needlelike structures that resist stress. Red bone marrow may fill the open spaces in some bones. Central Cavity Central cavities in long bones usually contain yellow bone marrow (fat). Outer Membrane An outer membrane covers most of a long bone. The inner portion of a membrane contains cells that build up and breakdown bone.

12. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 12 of 24 Joints allow for movement and protect bones from friction and force. Joints Bones are held together at joints by strong, fibrous bands called ligaments.

13. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 13 of 24 Ball-and-Socket Joint A ball-and-socket joint allows movement in all directions. Your shoulders and hips are ball-and-socket joints. Hinge Joint Hinge joints allow bending and straightening movements.Your knees and elbows are hinge joints. Gliding Joint Gliding joints allow movement in many directions as the bones slide along each other. Your wrists and ankles contain gliding joints. Pivot Joint A pivot joint connects your head to the first vertebra in your backbone. It allows you to turn your head from side to side.

14. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 14 of 24 Active Art: The Skeletal and Muscular Systems Click on the screen above to launch the Active Art.

15. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 15 of 24 Click above to go online. For: More on movable joints

16. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 16 of 24 A combination of eating well, exercising, and avoiding injuries contributes to lifelong bone and joint health. Keeping Healthy Regular medical checkups can help detect skeletal system problems.

17. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 17 of 24 Adequate intake of calcium and phosphorus will help your bones grow to their maximum size and strength. Eating Well Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones become weak and break easily. Other nutrients that are important for bone health include potassium, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, and D.

18. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 18 of 24 Another way to build strong bones and prevent osteoporosis is to get plenty of weight-bearing exercise. Exercising Activities in which the bones support the entire weight of your body help your bones grow strong and dense.

19. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 19 of 24 A fracture is a break in a bone. Avoiding Bone Injuries You can protect your bones from fractures. When participating in a physical activity, wear appropriate safety equipment, such as helmets and pads. Always wear a seat belt when traveling in a vehicle.

20. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 20 of 24 Proper warm-up and stretching exercises are important to help prevent joint injuries. Avoiding Joint Injuries Sprains A sprain is an overstretched or torn ligament. Dislocations In a dislocation, the ends of the bones in a joint are forced out of their normal positions. Torn Cartilage Serious damage to the cartilage between the bones in a joint is known as torn cartilage. Overuse Injuries When an activity is performed too often or too strenuously, joints may become irritated and inflamed.

21. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 21 of 24 A doctor can advise you on how to prevent serious injury or recommend other professionals who can help you. Medical Checkups A nurse or doctor may check your spine for scoliosis (skoh lee OH sis), an abnormal curvature of the spine.

22. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 22 of 24 Vocabulary jointA place in the body where two or more bones meet. cartilageA tough, supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone. ossificationThe process during infancy and childhood in which cartilage is replaced by bone. marrowThe soft tissue that fills spaces inside bones. ligamentA strong, fibrous band that holds bones together at a joint.

23. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 23 of 24 Vocabulary osteoporosisA condition in which a significant loss of bone mass causes bones to become weak and break easily. fractureA break in a bone. sprainAn overstretched or torn ligament. dislocationAn injury that occurs when the ends of the bones in a joint are forced out of their normal positions. scoliosisAn abnormal curvature of the spine.

24. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 24 of 24 QuickTake Quiz Click to start quiz.

25. Section 11.1 Your Skeletal System Slide 25 of 24 End of Section 11.1 Click on this slide to end this presentation.