Biotechnology Thermal “Needs” Paul Nesvadba EVITHERM meeting at PTB Berlin, 17 th May 2004

Biotechnology Technology of 21 st century Practical applications of biological organisms or their components Genetic engineering, genomics, proteomics, transgenic crops and animals Brewing beer, treatment of sewage, wastewater, drug development, agriculture

Fields of Biotechnology Molecular / Cell Biology Biochemistry Genetics / Genomics / Proteomics Immunology Microbiology / Virology Biological/ Biochemicals/ Chemicals Manufacturing Pharmaceutical Science & Research Plant Sciences / Agribiotech Bioprocessing / Bioengineering Ecology / Environment Diagnostics Food & Drink Bioinformatics Vaccines

Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics Genetic and Molecular basis of disease Gene editing (e.g. GM crops) Discovery systems (e.g. drug discovery) Protein separation and fusion systems Antibody engineering High throughput

Heat and Temperature “Bioinformatics” –Low energy, high precision of control (e.g. PCR - polymerase chain reaction) Large scale Industrial processes –High energy consumption –Optimisation –Knowledge for reducing environmental impact

“Hardware” in Biotechnology Laboratory PCR Thermocyclers Tissue Culture - Incubators Industrial Vaccines / Pharmaceuticals – TTIs - TIs Fermenters – heat removal! Waste treatment plants

Industrial Fermentation The optimum fermentation temperature is about 32 °C The heat of formation of ethanol is 1.2 MJ / kg of ethanol Cooling is necessary in order for the yeast to survive and work efficiently

Brewing The oldest biotechnology process 8000 years ago in Babylon Today’s large scale brewing is highly sophisticated Involves many heating and cooling steps

Heat Exchangers Energy efficiency (higher heat transfer coefficient, recycling) Small size, low mass, easy capacity modification Ease of cleaning Shell-and-tube exchangers (traditional) Plate

Tubular Heat Exchanger (Alfa Laval Viscoline TM ) Heating, cooling, heat regeneration Pasteurisation UHT treatment of viscous fluids

Plate Heat Exchanger (Alfa Laval)

Waste Water Treatment The need for efficient handling of wastewater and sludge is increasing worldwide.

Processes and equipment Decanter centrifuges for dewatering Spiral heat exchangers Heating, cooling, heat recovery and pasteurisation Drum thickeners/dryers for sludge volume reduction Decanter autopilot optimising plant operation Objective: To reduce the volume of wastewater

Compilation of contacts Alfa Laval (UK, Sweden) Biometra Gmbh (Göttingen, Germany) BioProcess Engineering Services Ltd (UK) GE Healthcare and GE Bio-Sciences (UK) Grant Instruments (Cambridge, UK) New Brunswick Scientific (UK) Ltd Thermo Electron Corporation (USA) Technical University Berlin, Inst. Food Technology

Conclusions Biotechnology –Large area –Diverse processes –Scale from laboratory to industrial Identification of users in need of EVITHERM Started compiling a list of users Contacting users