BELLWORK What were Phillip II’s three goals as king of Macedonia? Were these goals accomplished? How did Phillip II die? Explain how Alexander the Great defeated Persia. What happened to the Macedonian empire after Alexander’s death? (pg. 64) THINKER: In your opinion, what was Alexander’s greatest achievement? Explain!

An Introduction to Rome

DID YOU KNOW THAT YOU ALREADY KNOW A LOT ABOUT ANCIENT ROME? WELL IT’S TRUE!

DOES ANYTHING LOOK FAMILIAR?

HAVE YOU SEEN THIS BEFORE?

ARE WE STUDYING GREECE AGAIN?

WHY DO WE STUDY ANCIENT ROME? We study the Romans because… They made very important contributions in architecture and government. Our own culture reflects parts of Ancient Roman culture. Language and art

WHERE ON EARTH IS ROME?

WHY IS THE GEOGRAPHY OF ROME IMPORTANT? Rome, with its central location on the Italian peninsula, was able to extend its influence over the entire Mediterranean.

THE GEOGRAPHY OF ROME The Alps ROME Greece Egypt

HOW DID GEOGRAPHY HELP THE ROMANS? – Located in the center of the Mediterranean – Far away from eastern empires, but accessible from Europe – Large amount of fertile land – Alps (Mts.): provided natural protection. – Med Sea: Gave protection, allowed for trade. Basically, Rome’s place in the world kept it safe from harm, but allowed it to interact with other people.

TRADE AND INFLUENCE

LET’S RECAP…..

MYTHS AND LEGENDS Just like the Greeks, the Romans used myths and legends to explain the history of their region. Why do you think people believed these stories in ancient Rome?

Myths and Legends Most of the myths and legends in ancient Rome centered around their gods and goddesses. They were polytheistic!

THE LEGEND OF ROMULUS AND REMUS

According to Roman legend a princess named Rhea Sylvia had twin boys by Mars, the god of war. A jealous uncle who had stolen the throne from her father ordered her twins to be drowned in the Tiber River.

Fortunately, a servant had pity on the twins and placed them in a basket. Eventually, the basket washed onto the shore and the twins were discovered by a female wolf. The wolf nursed and protected the babies for a short time before they were found by a shepherd. The shepherd then raised the twins.

When Romulus and Remus became adults, they decided to found (or set up) a city where the wolf had discovered them. The brothers fought over exactly where the city should be built, and as a result, Remus was killed by his brother. Without Remus, Romulus became the sole founder of the new city and named it Rome. The date given for the founding of Rome was 753 BC.

BELIEVE IT, OR NOT? What parts of the story seem too unlikely to be true? If the legend does not explain how the city was really founded, why do you think Rome was built?

Although the Legend of Romulus and Remus makes it seem as if Rome was built in a day, the truth is probably very different. It is more likely that… Groups, like the Latins, settled along the Tiber river in 1000 B.C. In 600 B.C. Greek settlers established several cities  trade & spread of ideas In order to be safer from invasions, the settlements joined together as one.

However, regardless of how Rome was founded, thank goodness for the contributions of the Ancient Romans! Architecture, government, law, art, language, calendar, etc.

The Early Republic Tyrants and corrupt kings in power In 509B.C., Tarquin the Proud was overthrown Romans declared they would never again be ruled by a king! Established a new government called a republic: power to the citizens!

Ancient Roman Society: Jigsaw Read You are now going to complete a jigsaw read about Roman society How it works: You will be divided into groups of 4, then number off 1-4 Each group will be assigned a different reading about an aspect of Roman society. (Early republic, society, women, & gladiators) You will start by reading your specific handout and completing your portion of the worksheet. Once your group is done, you will meet and teach the rest of them about your topic. As you teach, they will fill in the remainder of the worksheet. These are your notes for the section!

Ancient Roman Society: Jigsaw Read Early Roman Republic Roman Society Roman Women Roman Slaves & Gladiators

The Early Roman Republic Roman civilization was characterized by: Patricians and Plebeians Government Army Citizenship You are now going to read about each important aspect and create “Picture Squares.”

Picture Squares You are going to read a handout that addresses the four main points of Roman civilization. For each aspect, you are going to write three sentences that encompass the main idea of that section.  SUMMARIZE!!! After you write your description, you must draw a picture the corresponds with that same topic. 20 points! (5 points per square) Make sure you actually read the section since this will be your only notes for the Early Roman Republic. Let’s do the first one together!

Review! What were the differences between Patricians and Plebeians? How did the Romans keep their government balanced? What is a republic? How was the Roman army structured? How could Roman rights of citizenship be acquired? What rights did Roman citizens have?