Food and EnergyHealthy Eating The Digestive Process Begins Final Digestion and Absorption Dissection or Mixed Bag
This nutrient is the most important to the body because all of the body’s vital processes occur in it. 100
water 100
Which one of the six groups of nutrients provides us with the most energy? 200
fats 200
Explain the difference between a calorie and a Calorie. 300
A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. A Calorie is 1,000 calories and is used to measure energy in foods. 300
What category of vitamin must you include in your diet every day? 400
water-soluble vitamin 400
Why are proteins from plant sources called incomplete proteins? What are they missing? 500
They are missing one or more essential amino acid. 500
Food labels give nutritional information based upon how many Calories per day? 100
2,000 Calories per day 100
200 What three things does the USDA Food Pyramid need to know in order to give you a personalized healthy food guide?
age gender physical activity 200
Name the six food groups listed on the USDA Food Pyramid. 300
grains vegetables fruits oils milk meat and beans
A food label shows the number of total Calories along with the number of Calories that come from what nutrient? 400
fat 400
What part of the food label shows how the nutritional content of one serving fits into the daily recommended diet for a person? 500
Percent Daily Value
What are the two types of digestion? 100
mechanical and chemical 100
What is the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach called? 200
esophagus 200
What are the involuntary waves of muscle contraction called that occur in the esophagus, stomach and other areas of the digestive system? 300
peristalsis 300
What are the two components of digestive juice? 400
pepsin and hydrochloric acid 400
500 What substance do the cells in the stomach produce to protect the stomach lining?
500 mucus
Where in the digestive system does nearly all of the chemical digestion take place? 100
small intestine 100
What are the millions of tiny finger-shaped structures that absorb nutrient molecules called? Where are they found? 200
villi (villus – singular) They are found in the small intestine. 200
What is the function of bile? 300
Bile physically breaks up fat particles into smaller fat droplets so they can next be broken down by enzymes produced in the pancreas. 300
What major role does the pancreas play in digestion? 400
The pancreas produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine and help to break down starches, proteins, and fats. 400
In what part of the digestive system is Vitamin K produced? How is it produced? 500
large intestine The large intestine contains bacteria that produce certain vitamins, such as Vitamin K. 500
What is absorption? Why is it important? 100
Absorption is the process of passing nutrients through the walls of the digestive system into the bloodstream. Absorption is important in transporting nutrients to all the parts of the body. 100
What was the largest (non-hollow) organ found inside the body? 200
liver 200
Suppose that a person eats 2,000 Calories in one day. Of those Calories, 400 are from fat. What percentage of the person’s Calories are from fats? 300
20% of the Calories are from fat x 100
The small intestine is tightly packed in the abdominal cavity by a thin connective tissue called the ________________. 400
mesentery 400
Why does a chewed up Saltine cracker breakdown starch into glucose more quickly than a hand- crumbled Saltine cracker? 500
Saliva produces an enzyme called amylase that breaks down starch into glucose. 500
FINAL JEOPARDY The Digestive System
List the progressive order of the following terms from start to end of digestion: villi, rectum, pepsin, incisor, epiglottis, water absorption, salivary gland
incisor salivary gland epiglottis pepsin villi water absorption rectum