3. What to think about….. What is the digestive system? Why do we need it (what’s its function)? How does it work? What are the different parts and their functions?

5. Of all the things we do, what requires energy? In order to obtain energy we need How do we get this fuel?

6. What does food provide besides just energy? But before our bodies can use food it must be RAW MATERIALS- we need to grow, repair tissues, and make new body cells.

8. Why Digestion? Because food must be broken into smaller pieces that can fit inside a cell. chemicals the body needs to stay healthy are called

9. The 5 main nutrients: Proteins Carbohydrates Fats Vitamins Minerals

10. Where is most protein found? Proteins build and repair cells.

11. Where are most carbohydrates found? Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy. Pasta, Rice, Bread, Fruits, etc.

12. 2 kinds of Carbs Simple Carbohydrates- these carbs are your basic sugars that your body can turn into energy very quickly. Complex Carbohydrates- these carbs include potatoes and foods made from grains. Requires the body break them down first. Also called starches.

13. Where are most fats found? Dairy, oil, butter, meats, and especially fast foods. Fat is a way that the human body stores energy. Too much can be unhealthy though.

14. 2 kinds of Fat The fat the is liquid at room temperature and is found in vegetable oils and seeds are Fats that are solid at room temperature and are considered not good for you are called

15. Small quanitities of vitamins regulate body functions and prevent disease. Another substance needed by the body helps chemical reactions, builds cells, sends nerve impulses, and carries oxygen are

17. Parts of the Digestive System Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large Intestine Together this makes a tube called the

18. About how long is the digestive tract? Other organs attached to the digestive tract include the

20. This is the opening to the digestive system. Teeth and salivary glands help digest.

21. 2 kinds of Digestion The physical breakdown of food into smaller parts by cutting and tearing it. What part of the mouth does this?

22. Another kind of digestion where the molecules of food are broken down into smaller molecules is called In your mouth this is done by a liquid called

24. When food is swallowed, where does it go next? What is the esophagus? A tube that connects the mouth and the stomach.

25. How does food make its way through the digestive tract? What is peristalsis? Waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system.

26. 1. What are the chemicals your body needs to be healthy? A. peristalsis B. nutrients C. organs D. saliva

27. 2. Which of the following is a liquid at room temperature? A. Proteins B. Saturated fats C. Unsaturated fats D. Vitamins

28. 3. What connects the mouth to the stomach? A. peristalsis B. pancreas C. esophagus D. protein

29. 4. Which of the following is not a nutrient? A. saliva B. protein C. fat D. carbohydrates

30. 5. The type of digestion that breaks down food into smaller molecules is A. Carbohydrate B. Peristalsis C. Mechanical D. Chemical

31. 6. Which part of the mouth is responsible for mechanical digestion? A. lips B. tongue C. saliva D. teeth

32. 7. What do we call the kind of carbohydrate that is easy to get energy from, like sugar? A. Simple B. Complex C. Double D. Single

33. 8. Which of the following is not connected to the digestive tract? A. gall bladder B. liver C. pancreas D. ureter

34. 9. Which of the following is a good source of protein? A. bread B. rice C. meat D. potatoes

35. 10. How does food makes it way through the digestive tract? A. esophagus B. peristalsis C. mechanical D. complex

36. Digestive System Part II

38. How does mechanical digestion occur in the stomach? The stomach produces gastric acid that helps breakdown food. How does chemical digestion occur?

39. What is gastric juice made of? This is what helps in the chemical digestion of food in the stomach.

40. HCL is very strong acid. Why does it not harm the tissue of the stomach? A layer of mucus provides protection from acid for the stomach.

41. What’s it called if the acid gets through the layer of mucus and damages the inside of the stomach?

42. As the food leaves the stomach, it has a new name called Chyme is a thin watery product that moves slowly out of the stomach and into the

44. As food enters the small intestine, breaks down the fats and oils in the food. Bile is a greenish liquid that acts like soap or detergent in how it can break apart fats and oils. This liquid is made by the and stored in the

45. Like the liver and gall bladder the is also connected to the small intestine. The pancreas also secretes enzymes that aid in digestion of carbs.

46. The pancreas produces enzymes to help digestion. It also produces a hormone called Insulin helps body cells take in glucose. People who’s pancreas does not produce insulin have a disorder called

48. The is responsible for getting the nutrients from the small intestine out to the rest of the body. But first the molecules of food have to get from the Small Intestine into the blood.

49. The inside of the SI is covered with small fingerlike projections called The villi have capillaries running through them that can absorb the nutrients from the chyme.

50. Does the body use all the food it eats?

52. Some foods like cannot be digested. Cellulose is a kind of carbohydrate found in plants and sometimes called fiber. Fiber helps keep the digestive system running smoothly.

53. The part of the food (chyme) not used in the small intestine travels to the

54. There is a small organ attached to the large intestine called the The appendix essentially has no function but can become infected and must be removed.

55. As the food moves through the large intestine is absorbed. As the water is extracted from the LI the waste product become more This waste product is referred to as

56. Where does the feces collect before removal from the body? When enough is collected the brain is signaled for elimination.

57. Many bacteria live inside the digestive tract. Some help us digest food and other help produce

58. 1. What is the food in the digestive tract called when the stomach passes it to the Small intestine? A. Chyme B. Bile C. Insulin D. Cellulose

59. 2. What is the greenish fluid excreted by the gall bladder that breaks down fats? A. Chyme B. Hydrochloric Acid C. Feces D. Bile

60. 3. Where is water removed from the chyme? A. Pancreas B. Stomach C. Small intestine D. Large intestine

61. 4. What is the hormone that is responsible for absorption of glucose and lack of it causes diabetes? A. Chyme B. Enzyme C. Insulin D. Hydrochloric Acid

62. 5. What are the finger like projections in the SI where nutrtients are absorbed by capillaries? A. Chyme B. Pancreas C. Villi D. Cellulose

63. 6. What organ makes bile? A. Pancreas B. Liver C. Stomach D. Small intestine

64. 7. What is it in the stomach that helps break down food? A. Chyme B. Gastric Juices C. Insulin D. Bile

65. 8. What is it that cannot be broken down and used for nutrients in the digestive system? A. Bile B. Chyme C. Villi D. Cellulose

66. 9. What is happens when the stomach lining fails to protect the stomach? A. Ulcer B. Diabetes C. Cellulose D. Bile

67. 10.What’s the correct order that food travels through the digestive tract? A. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, L Intestine, S Intestine B. Mouth, Stomach, Esophagus, S Intestine, L Intestine C. Mouth, esophagus, S intestine, Stomach, L Intestine D. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, S Intestine, L Intestine