Unit 1 Friendship Period 2 Useful words and structures

Exercises 1. Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 1)_______ 2)_______ 3)_______________ 4)_______ 5)_______ not inside a building feeling disturbed to be worried about free, not tied up to experience something outdoors upset be concerned about loose go through

Exercises 6) _______ 7) _______ 8) _______ 9) _______ 10) _______ to take no notice of staying close to and looking at somebody to become quiet after nervous activity piece of material hung to cover a window number of things that happen one after another ignore face to face calm down curtain series

Anne’s sister, Margot was very ________ that the family had to move. However, she knew that she had got to __________ all the difficulties with her family. She found it difficult go settle and __________in the hiding place, because she was _________________ whether they would be discovered. She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there. upset go through concerned about calm down 2. Complete this passage with some of the words and phrases above. Exercises

What she really missed was going ________ and walking the dog for her neighbour. It was such fun to watch it run ____ in the park. She wished she could tell her neighbour __________ that she was sorry not to be able to do it any longer, but she knew that was too dangerous! loose outdoors face to face Exercises

3. Complete the following sentences using words and expressions from the text. 1)When the man saw the car accident on the highway, he stopped __________ offer help. 2)“How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when it’s so dirty and ______? It will only make her worse,” said the doctor. 3)After Peter died, George __________ the story of their friendship in a book. in order to dusty set down Exercises

4)When the street lights go on ________, they make a beautiful picture, so different from the daytime. 5)Good friends do not _____________what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed. 6)Although Tim and Mike come from __________different backgrounds, they became close friends. at dusk add up entirely Exercises

Studying language points

Key words 1. add up your score and see how many points you get.( 回 归课本 P 1 ) vt. & vi. 加，添 ，增加；相加；补充说 Eg ： 1 ） Do you want to add your name to the list? 2 ） Add 6 and 6 to make ） That’s all I want to say. Is there anything you’d like to add ？

Phrases ： add up sth./add sth.up 把 …… 加起来 add up to 加起来共计 / 达（不用于被动语态 ) add to 增加，增添（后多接抽象名词） add...to... 把 …… 加到 / 进 …… 里 add that... 补充（说） …… * n. addition 加；增加的人或事物； adj. additional 附加的；另外的；外加的 Key words

1)______ some milk and sugar _____ coffee before drinking it. 2) When we _______ all the costs, we realized we had spent too much. 3) His whole school education ___________ no more than ten years. Practice 1 Add to added up added up to 4) His returning home safe and sound———— her pleasure. added to

2. upset Your friend comes to school very. （回归课本 P 1 ） 1) adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 ( 通常不置于名 词前 ) eg ： What made you so upset? be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心 eg ： She’s really upset about losing the money when buying clothes. 2) vt. （ upset ， upset ， upsetting ）使不安；使心烦； 弄翻，打翻；打乱，扰乱（计划等. eg ： His father’s death upset him very much. Key words

Phrases: (sth.) upset sb. （某事）使某人心烦意乱 (sb.) upset sth. （某人）打 / 弄翻某物 upset a plan 打乱计划 upset one’s stomach 使（肠胃）不适 eg ： The rain upset our plan for a picnic. He made a movement and upset his glass. Don’t upset yourself about it Key words was upset Practice 2 complete the following sentences ： （ 1 ） But before you unwarp that package ， you’ll see why I ________________( 难过 ) at first. （ 2 ） ( 你别为这 事烦恼了 )—let’s just forget it.

3. ignore You’ll the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.( 回归课本 P 1 ) vt. 不理睬，忽视；不顾，忽略（不计） She saw him coming but she ignored him. The policeman ignored personal danger to save a little girl. ignorance n. 无知，愚昧，不知道； ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的，不知道的； be ignorant of sth ：不知道某事 Key words

Practice 3 Multiple Choice. 1) As he has been ill in bed for several months, he was_____ of the new development in this field. A. aware B. conscious C. ignorant D ignorance 2)The best way to deal with an impolite person is to _______ him. A. ignore B. neglect C. omit D. overlook

4. Calm …go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down. 1) adj. 平静的；镇静的，沉着的。 eg ： The high wind passed and the sea was calm again. She tried to keep calm about it. 2) vi. 平静，镇静。常用于 calm down, 表示 “ 平静下来 ” 。 eg ： The situation calmed down slowly. 3) vt. 使平静，使镇静。常用于 calm down 。 eg ： At last we calmed him down 。 注意： calm down 作不及物动词短语时，意为 “ （人）冷 静下来；（风、海等）平静下来 ” ；作及物动词短语时，意 为 “ 使（人）沉着，使（人）沉住气 ” 。 Key words

5. concern: You will tell your friend that you are about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.( 回归课本 P 1 ) eg. These problems concern all. She concerns herself with her son’s future. = She is concerned about her son’s future.  vt. 涉及，关系到，参与； ( 使 ) 担心， ( 使 ) 操心 concern sth./sb. 与 …… 有关系 concern oneself with/about sb./sth. 忙于；关心 be concerned about/for sb./sth. 使担忧；使烦恼 = be worried about sb./sth. Key words

 n. ［ U ］关心，担忧；［ C ］关心的人（或）事； eg ： There is now considerable concern for their illness. It’s no concern of mine/ yours. Concerned adj. 关心的，担忧的，焦虑的，相关的（作定 语需后置）； As/so far as sb. is concerned =in one’s opinion 就某人而言, 在某人看来 Concerning prep. 关于； The experts are concerned about the growth in the world’s population. Key words

Look at the picture. Ask and answer the questions: A: What’s … concerned about? B: _______________________ My son’s future Thomas Exchange your ideas in pairs: A: What are your parents / you concerned about? B: _______________________ _ Practice 4

6. Cheat … ， asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper.(P1) 1) vt. 骗取 ; 欺诈（某人） eg ： He cheated his way into the job. cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做某事 cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗某人某物 2 ） vi. 行骗；欺诈；作弊；作假； cheat on/at/ in… 作弊；欺诈；行骗 Key words

Practice 5 Complete the following sentences: 1) 在考试中作弊是在欺骗自己。 _______ in the exam is __________ himself. 2) 那位生意人骗了她的钱。 The salesman ________ her _____ her money. Cheating cheating cheated of

. 7. go through sth....,or would not understand what you are---- ? ( 回归课本 P 2 ) : 1) to examine carefully, search, discuss in detail 仔细检查；详细讨论 eg. The police went through the pockets of the suspected thief. 2) to experience, suffer 经历；遭受 eg ： He went through a hard time while his wife was sick. Key phrases

3)Pass through 通过；穿过 eg ： Has he gone through the examination? 4)Be published 被出版；发行 eg ： The book went through six editions within a year. 5)Be passed; 被通过 eg ： The law has gone through Parliament.

Guess the meaning of the underlined words. 1) 1) These countries have gone through too many wars. 2) 2) Let’s go through the arguments again. 3) 3) It took us a whole week to go through one of the great forests in the Northeast. 4) 4) The bill didn’t go through. Practice 6

8. set down 放下，记下；登记 I don’t want to a series of facts in a diary...( 回归课 本 P 2 ) set about (doing sth.) 着手（做某事） set out (to do sth.) 开始，着手（做某事） set aside 留出；不顾 set back （把钟等）往回拨；推迟 set free 释放；解放 set up 开办；建立；设立 set off 动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸 set out 动身，出发；着手；安排，组织 set an example 树立 set fire to...=set...on fire 纵火烧 Key phrases

9. a series of: 一系列，一连串。其中 series 为名词，一般 与介词 of 连用，说明同一事物中的 “ 系列 ”“ 连 续 ”“ 一连串 ” 。 eg ： 1 ） There will be a series of football games next month. 2) There is a television series on this channel every night. Attention: Series 单复同形，作主语时谓语动词根据 series 单复数概念决定，不根据 of 后的名词决定。 eg ： 1 ） A series of lectures is scheduled 。 2 ） Two series of new stamps have come out. Key phrases

Multiple Choice 1)She _________ the vase on the table and went out. A. set out B. set up C. set down D. set on 2)This publishing firm is planning ________school textbooks. A. a series new of B. new a series of C. of a series new D. a new series of Practice 7

be/ get/ grow crazy about / over sth. 爱上，迷恋于； 热衷于。 eg: The boy is crazy about skating.  be crazy to do sth 做 … 是疯狂的 eg: You are crazy to buy a car at such a high price. = It’s crazy of you to buy a car at such a high price.  like crazy 发疯似地；拼命地；猛烈地 eg: we have to work like crazy to get this finished on time. Key phrases

11 stay (link v) + adj/ n 1) I stayed awake through the stormy night. 2) He stayed single all his life. 3) The weather stayed hot. 4) Stay seated! Key phrases

12. Purpose …, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven… n. 目的，意图； 1 ）用于 a/ the purpose in doing, 表示做某事的目的。 eg ： What is your purpose in doing this ？ 2 ）用于 the purpose of ，表示 “… 的目的 ” 。 eg ： The purpose of the meeting is to elect a new captain. 3)on purpose 故意地，特意地。 eg ： If you joke with him, he’ll think you are hurting him on purpose. Key words

13. in order to do … = so as to do … in order to 放在句首和句末； so as to 只用于句末 eg. He worked hard in order / so as to pass the maths exam. We left early in order to/ so as to catch the first bus. = We left early in order that / so that we could catch the first bus. = In order to catch the first bus, we left early. Key phrases

John, his colleagues, have a wonderful chat, on purpose, stay late, in order to Look at the pictures below and make sentences with suitable phrases or expressions you learned from this unit. Lisa and her parents, the park, in order to Practice 8

*Describe the photo in a sentence: Practice 8 Lisa and her parents went to the park in order to have a picnic. John and his colleagues stayed late on purpose in order to have a wonderful chat.

14. dare: …I didn’t dare open a window… v. 有人称和数的变化；后跟动词不定式，但在否定句 中不定式的符号可以省略。 eg. He dares to walk alone at night. He doesn’t dare to take it home. aux. 一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句，后面跟动 词原形，没有 to ，不用于肯定句中（除了在 I dare say… 这样的习语中） eg: How dare you ask me such a question ？ I daren’t ask you because I thought I must be wrong. Key words

Fill the blanks with different form of “dare”. 1) No one ________ go into the old house at night. 2) _______ you _______drive that car without asking your parents’ permission? Practice 4 dared dare Do

happen vi. 1) What time did the accident happen? 2) No one know who had fired the gun— it all happened so quickly.  sb. happen to do sth. ( 似乎 ) 碰巧 = to be or as if by chance I happened to see her on my way to work. If you happen to find it, please let me know.  It happens/ happened that clause It happened that they went out when I called. Key words

16. Look at the picture and make sentences by using “face to face” in two ways: 1)His boss is talking to him face to face. 2)His boss having a face- to-face talk with him. Key phrases

*Can you think of more phrases in similar structures like “face to face” ? heart to heart shoulder to shoulder back to back face to face

16. Share Share your list with another pair. 1) V. 分享，分担，合用；常用于 share （ in ） sth. with sb. eg ： She always shares her happiness and worries with me. They share a room. 2) n. 一份；部分；份额 eg ： I do my share of the housework. Don’t worry---you’ll get your fair share.

17. suffer: She from loneliness,... ( 回归课本 P 4 ) v. 遭受；忍受；经历 suffer sth 遭受痛苦, 遭受损失 suffer from… 患有 ( 病痛 ), 为 …… 所苦 suffer for 为 … 而受苦 eg. He died quickly, he didn’t suffer very much. The company suffered a great loss because of the air crash. He often suffers from headaches at night. Key words

1) His work __________ because he was worried about his mother’s health. 2) She ___________ a lot of pain over the past with her bad- tempered husband. Practice 4 suffered

1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 句中 While walking the dog, …=While you were walking the dog, … While doing… 意为 “ 在 …… 期间，在做 …… 的时 候 ” 。 eg ： While providing convenience to consumers, plastic bags have also caused serious pollution, waste of energy and resources. Key sentence patterns

※归纳：此句型的使用条件： (1) 在 __________ 状语从句中； (2) 如果从句的主语与主句的主语 _________ ，而且从句中的 谓语含有 ______ 动词的某种形式； (3) 从句中的主语和 be 可以省略，并且要 ______________ ，不 能只省略其一。 1)When I was traveling in Beijing, I happened to meet a former classmate. __________________in Beijing, I happened to meet a former classmate. 2) When you are asked to answer questions, you should stand up. __________________________________, you should stand up. 时间 相同 有 be 同时省略 When traveling When asked to answer questions Practice 7

2. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 结构分析：本句是一个复杂句， I wonder 是主句的主语和 谓语， if 引导一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中 because 引导一 个原因状语从句，且用了 “It is/ was + 被强调部分 +that/ who + 其它 ” 这个强调结构，强调原因状语从句。运用该强调结 构需知以下两点： (1) 此句型常用来强调除谓语动词外的句子成分。 (2) 此句中的 that 是固定的, 即使被强调部分是时间或地点， 也用 that; 强调人物时可用 who 。 Key sentence patterns

Jack broke a glass yesterday afternoon at his uncle’s home. (1) _________________________broke a glass yesterday afternoon at his uncle’s home.( 强调主语 ) (2) _______________________Jack broke yesterday afternoon at his uncle’s home.( 强调宾语 ) (3) _____________________________________Jack broke a glass at his uncle’s home.( 强调时间状语 ) (4) __________________________________Jack broke a glass yesterday afternoon. ( 强调地点状语 ) It was at his uncle’s home that It was Jack that / who It was a glass that It was yesterday afternoon that Practice 8

3. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. ( 从句时态用完成时 ) 句型提炼： It is/was the first time that…have/had done (1) 其中的 it 可用 this 或 that 替代； (2)first 根据实际情况可改为 second, third… 等； (3) 前面是 is 时，后面用 have/has done ；前面是 was 时，后 面用 had done 。 (4) 比较： It is (about /high) time that sb. did/ should do sth. 是 某人该做某事的时候了 (=It is time for sb. to do sth.) 。 eg ： It is time that we started (=should start). =It is time for us to start. Key sentence patterns

Translation ： (1) 这是我第一次来北京。 This is the first time that I _______________in Beijing. (2) 那是他第二次上班迟到。 It was the third time that the man ___________ late for work. (3) 他说那是我第一次开出租车。 He said it_________________________________ a taxi. have been had been was the first time that he had driven Practice 9

III Summary Let’s summarize what we have learned today: New words: Phrases: Sentence patterns: Others:

1. Review the new words and phrases that you have learned in class. 2. Do WB P.41 Ex.1 (Translation) as the homework. 3. Pre-view the grammar (direct speech and indirect speech ) on P87. Homework