Table of Contents Chapter Preview 13.1 The Science of Rockets 13.2 The Space Program 13.3 Exploring Space Today 13.4 Using Space Science on Earth
Chapter Preview Questions 1. If the forces on an object are balanced, a moving object will a. speed up. b. slow down. c. change direction. d. continue on its original path.
Chapter Preview Questions 1. If the forces on an object are balanced, a moving object will a. speed up. b. slow down. c. change direction. d. continue on its original path.
Chapter Preview Questions 2. Which of the following could NOT happen if the forces on a moving object are unbalanced? a. The object will speed up. b. The object will slow down. c. The object will change direction. d. The object will continue on its original path.
Chapter Preview Questions 2. Which of the following could NOT happen if the forces on a moving object are unbalanced? a. The object will speed up. b. The object will slow down. c. The object will change direction. d. The object will continue on its original path.
Chapter Preview Questions 3. What force holds the planets in orbit around the sun? a. gravity b. friction c. magnetic force d. atomic force
Chapter Preview Questions 3. What force holds the planets in orbit around the sun? a. gravity b. friction c. magnetic force d. atomic force
Chapter Preview Questions 4. The force of gravity between two objects depends on the mass of the objects and the a. speed at which they are moving. b. amount of friction between them. c. distance between them. d. volume of the object.
Chapter Preview Questions 4. The force of gravity between two objects depends on the mass of the objects and the a. speed at which they are moving. b. amount of friction between them. c. distance between them. d. volume of the object.
How do scientists learn more about the solar system? Look at the photo of an astronaut below. The astronaut and other objects seem to be floating. Why do you think astronauts appear to float when in orbit?
High-Use Academic Words Definition Example Sentence source n. That from which something comes into existence Gasoline is the source of power for most cars.
High-Use Academic Words Definition Example Sentence consumer n. A person who buys goods and services for personal needs People who buy food, clothing, and TVs are consumers.
High-Use Academic Words Definition Example Sentence benefit Daily exercise benefits nearly everyone. v. To bring help; aid
High-Use Academic Words Definition Example Sentence technology n. A way of changing the natural world to meet human needs The technology of personal computers has changed the way people communicate.
Apply It! From the previous list, choose the word that best completes the sentence. 1. When you buy new clothes, you are a . consumer 2. DVD players are an example of a new . technology 3. Medicines people who are sick. benefit
End of Chapter Preview
Section 1: The Science of Rockets How were rockets developed? How does a rocket work? What is the main advantage of a multistage rocket?
How Do Rockets Work? A rocket moves forward when gases shooting out the back of the rocket push it in the opposite direction.
Rocket Altitude A rocket’s altitude is how high it is above the ground. Use the graph to answer the following questions about how a model rocket’s altitude changes over time.
Rocket Altitude Reading Graphs: What two variables are being graphed? In what unit is each measured? Altitude and time, meters and seconds
Rocket Altitude Reading Graphs: What was the rocket’s altitude after 2 seconds? After 4 seconds? About 65 meters; about 128 meters
Rocket Altitude Reading Graphs: At what time did the rocket reach its greatest altitude? 6 seconds
Rocket Altitude Inferring: Why do you think the rocket continued to rise after it ran out of fuel? The rocket’s inertia caused it to continue to rise after its fuel ran out. Eventually friction caused the rocket to slow down and gravity caused it to fall
A Multistage Rocket A typical multistage rocket has three stages. Each of the first two stages burns all of its fuel and then drops off. The next stage then takes over.
Multistage Rocket Activity Click the Active Art button to open a browser window and access Active Art about multistage rockets.
End of Section: The Science of Rockets
Section 2: The Space Program What was the space race? What were the major events in human exploration of the moon?
Missions to the Moon The American effort to land astronauts on the moon was named the Apollo program.
More on Lunar Exploration Click the PHSchool.com button for an activity about lunar exploration.
Click the Video button to watch a movie about the race for space.
End of Section: The Space Program
Section 3: Exploring Space Today What are the roles of space shuttles and space stations? What features do space probes have in common?
The Space Shuttle NASA has used space shuttles to perform many important tasks. These include taking satellites into orbit, repairing damaged satellites, and carrying astronauts and equipment to and from space stations.
Links on Space Exploration Click the SciLinks button for links on space exploration.
End of Section: Exploring Space Today
Section 4: Using Space Science on Earth How are the conditions on space different from those on Earth? How has space technology benefited modern society? What are some uses of satellites orbiting Earth?
Space Spinoffs Many technologies that were developed for the space program have proved useful on Earth as well.
Links on Satellite Technology Click the SciLinks button for links on satellite technology.
End of Section: Using Space Science on Earth
QuickTake Quiz Click to start quiz.