Life in Colonial America Chapter 2, Section 2 PART 2

Plantation Life in the South Cash Crops Tobacco Indigo Rice Write this down A plantation = A large farm

Who were the bosses that kept the slaves working hard? Slavery in the South Virginia, 1705 – "If any slave resists his master...correcting such a slave, and shall happen to be killed in such correction...the master shall be free of all punishment...as if such accident never happened." Slave Codes Have them write down that there were two kinds of slave work: domestic slaves and field hands. Also have them write down the definition of “overseers.” domestic slaves field hands Who were the bosses that kept the slaves working hard? overseers

The Great Awakening Effects A powerful religious revival that swept over the colonies beginning in the 1720s. What was it? Effects Emphasis on education grows Belief grows that all people are created equal Makes Americans more willing to challenge authority Have them write down all the info on this slide. Jonathan Edwards George Whitefield

Education in the Colonies Most Colonists Valued Education NEW ENGLAND *In 1647 the MA Puritans pass a public ed law *Each community had to have a teacher paid through taxes MIDDLE COLONIES *Schooling not as universal as N.E., but it was widespread SOUTHERN COLONIES *Formal ed was generally limited to children of large plantation owners and professionals like doctors and lawyers

Influence of the Enlightenment The Enlightenment was a movement that began in Europe and spread the idea that knowledge, reason and science could improve society. Benjamin Franklin Who was the best known scientist in the American colonies?

The 13 Colonies Charter Colonies Proprietary Royal Had a charter or grant of rights and privileges Given by the monarch to the stockholders Example: Virginia Charter Colonies Owned by an individual proprietor or small group of proprietors Example: Pennsylvania Proprietary Over time, English monarchs began to change colonies into royal colonies They were under direct English control Parliament appointed a governor and council The colonists elected an assembly Royal

POWER British Trade Policy For many years Great Britain had allowed the American colonies the freedom to run their local affairs. However, the British government controlled the colonies’ trade according to the ideas of mercantilism. POWER How does a nation like Great Britain conserve it’s bullion? By creating a favorable balance of . . . . TRADE (exporting more than you import)

The Navigation Acts (and the trouble begins) Law The Navigation Acts were a series of laws passed by Parliament in the 1650s to control trade in the colonies. Under these laws, the colonists had to: Sell their raw materials to Britain, even if they could get better prices elsewhere. Any goods bought by the colonies from other countries had to go to England first to be taxed. All trade goods had to be carried on ships built in Britain and use British captains and crews.

Trade Policies Why so “bossy”??? Parliament wanted to keep as much money as possible WITHIN the British Empire. Remember, $ = POWER. Why so “bossy”???

Colonial Resistance First flown aboard one of the first ships in the United States Navy, the Alfred, on January 4th, 1776 making it the oldest recorded flag of the United States. It is called the "Gadsden Flag" after the designer, Colonel Christopher Gadsden who presented it to the Commodore of the new U.S. Navy, Esek Hopkins. Thus the flag is also sometimes called the "Hopkins Flag". Control on trade would later cause conflict between the American colonies and England.

2.2 Review Questions Farmers who generally produced just enough to meet the needs of their families, with little left over to sell. Trade routes that linked the Americas to West Africa. Crops that could be sold easily in markets in the colonies and overseas. Name the 2 American cities that became important port cities in the colonies. Laborers who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time to pay for their passage to America. Bosses who kept the slaves working hard.

2.2 Review Questions, cont’d 7. Name at least one Christian denomination that did not believe in slavery. 8. A great religious revival that swept across the colonies in the 1730’s and 1740’s. 9. The best-known scientist in the colonies. 10. A grant of rights and privileges would be granted to this type of colony. 11.This type of colony would be owned by an individual or a small group of individuals. 12. This type of colony was under direct English control. 13. Name the British trade laws that greatly restricted colonial trade.