The Geography & Peoples of Europe

Europe as a Queen Munster, 1588

Europe’s Latitude v. US

Former Soviet Region Compared in Latitude & Area with the United States

Satellite View of Europe

3,800 square miles

R E G I O N S

Continents by Size (sq. km.) Asia 44,579,000 Africa 30,065,000 North America 24,256,000 South America 17,819,000 Antarctica 13,209,000 Europe 9,938,000 Oceania (incl. Australia)   7,687,000

Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsulas? OR A Peninsula of Asia?

Europe: An Asian Peninsula?

Scandinavian Peninsula Northern Peninsulas Scandinavian Peninsula Jutland Peninsula

Southern Peninsulas Crimean Peninsula Iberian Peninsula Italian Peninsula Balkan Peninsula AnatoleanPeninsula

P e n i n s u l a s Scandinavian Pen. Jutland Pen. Italian Pen. Balkan Pen. Iberian Pen.

What’s the answer ??

Bodies of Water

B o d i e s of W a t e r Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Sea Baltic Sea English Channel Caspian Sea Black Sea Adriatic Sea AegeanSea Strait of Gibraltar Mediterranean Sea

The English Channel Small body of water that separates England from France 350 miles long In the past, it was used as a good system of defense for England An important waterway for trade

The Mediterranean Sea: Mare Nostrum Strait of Gibraltar & the “Pillars of Hercules” 2,400 miles long & 1,000 miles wide “Crossroads of 3 Continents” Caesarea on the Israeli coast

Mediterranean Sea Important route for trade & cultural exchange “Crossroads for 3 continents” (Europe, Africa, & Asia) Covers an area of 965,000 square miles Name means “in the middle of the earth” (surrounded by land)

R i v e r s Volga R. Thames R. Elbe R. Rhine R. Seine R. Danube R. Po R. Tiber R.

The 2nd longest river in Europe (The Volga is the 1st) The Danube River 1770 miles The 2nd longest river in Europe (The Volga is the 1st)

Biking Along the Danube Where Buda & Pest Meet Biking Along the Danube Flows through the 12 countries of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine. Played a vital role in the development of central Europe (trade & cultural diffusion)

The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles. The Volga River The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.

The Volga River The river is so polluted that the sturgeon catch has been decreased by 60%.

The Rhine River

Rhine River Longest river in Germany An important waterway for trade Begins in Switzerland, winds through Germany, France, Luxembourg, & The Netherlands

Why are most of the capitals of Europe on major rivers??

Capitals on the Rivers (1) London on the Thames Paris, right bank of the Seine Prague on the Vltava Budapest on the Danube

Capitals on the Rivers (2) Moscow on the Moscow River Berlin on the Spree Rome on the Tiber Vienna on the Danube

What’s the answer ??

They are Europe’s lifeline! Answer: They are Europe’s lifeline!

What does that mean?? Rivers serve as great modes of transportation (people, goods, and messages) Rivers are easier to defend Rivers provide a ready source of water Both for drinking and irrigation Rivers provide fertile land

M o u t a i n s & P e a k s Ural Mts. Carpathian Mts. Alps Mts. Pyrennes Mts. Apennines Mts. Balkan Mts.

Elevation Urals Caucasus Pyrennes Carpathians Alps Apennines

The Alps Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, and parts of Italy and France. Major tourist destination Extends almost 700 miles

Mt. Blanc in the Alps Highest mountain in the Alps: 15,771 feet

The Caucasus Mountains The origin of the word Caucasian.

Pyrenees Mountains Form the natural border between France & Spain Extend for about 270 miles Where the Pyrenees Mountain dog originated

Transylvania in the Carpathian Mountains Home of Vlad Tepeš, the Drakul (“Count Dracula”)

Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide” 1500 miles Divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.

Ural Mountains Considered the natural boundary between Europe & Asia Divide Russia: 1/4 is in Europe, 3/4 is in Asia 1,500 miles long! Among the world’s OLDEST mountain ranges Huge deposits of gold, nickel, silver, platinum, coal, iron, & other minerals

The Ural Mountains

Northern European Plain Siberian Lowlands P l a i n s Northern European Plain Steppes

Northern European Plain Arctic Ocean C o m p l e t e d M a p Siberian Lowlands Ural Mts. Scandinavian Pen. Atlantic Ocean Jutland Pen. Volga R. North Sea Baltic Sea Don R. Northern European Plain Thames R. Elbe R. Vistula R. English Channel Rhine R. Oder R. Steppes Dnieper R. Seine R. Carpathian Mts. Caspian Sea Loire R. Caucasus Mts. Bay of Biscay Alps Mts. Crimean Pen. Danube R. Po R. Pyrennes Mts. Italian Pen. Dinaric Alps Balkan Pen. Black Sea Tagus R. Dardanelles Strait Tiber R. Apennines Mts. Iberian Pen. Adriatic Sea Mt. Vesuvius ^ Ebro R. Anatolean Pen. Tyrrhenian Sea Mt. Olympus ^ AegeanSea Strait of Gibraltar Mt. Etna ^ Peloponnesian Pen.

R E G I O N S

Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe

Siberia --> Permafrost Average temperatures of January vary from 0 to -50°C, and in July from 1 to 25°C 150,000,000 population. A former “gulag” Soviet prison camp.

Lake Baikal, Siberia The oldest and deepest lake in the world. 20% of the world’s total unfrozen water supply.

Trans-Siberian Railroad The main line runs 5,785 miles. Completed in 1905.

Climate

Europe’s Latitude v. US

Climate

Average Annual Precipitation

Vegetation

Europe’s Natural Regions

The North European Plain

Germany’s Black Forest

Germany’s Black Forest

Tundra: The Not-So-Barren Land Below the Arctic Circle

L a n d U s e

Agricultural Activity

Natural Resources

R E S O U R C E S

Major Industrial Resources

Geographic Problems

Major Environmental Disasters & Pollution Problems

Acid Rain

Demographics

Continents by Size (sq. km.) Asia 44,579,000 Africa 30,065,000 North America 24,256,000 South America 17,819,000 Antarctica 13,209,000 Europe 9,938,000 Oceania (incl. Australia)   7,687,000

World Population by Continents Asia 3,737,000,000 Africa 823,000,000 Europe 729,000,000 North America 486,000,000 South America 351,000,000 Oceania (incl. Australia)   31,000,000 Antarctica no permanent population

Population Density [People Per Square Mile] Belgium 336.82 Mexico 52.15 Japan 336.72 United States 29.77 India 336.62 World 14.42 United Kingdom 244.69 Norway Italy 192.96 Canada 3.36 France 108.09 Russia 8.61

Population Distribution

Population Growth

Members of the Indo-European Language Family

Major Religious Groups in Europe

Arrivederci! Good Bye! Au Revoir! Adios! Cairete! Auf Wiedersehen! Do Svidaniya!