1. The Geography
& Peoples
of Europe

2. 1. Europe is the second smallest continent with roughly 4 million square miles.
2. Europe is designated as a continent for political reasons. There is no geographic basis for the claim.
3. Europe is home to more than 700 million people, but birth rates are stagnant.
4. Most scholars believe Europe was named after Europa, a Phoenician Princess in Greek mythology.
5. The smallest country in Europe is the Vatican, which is considered a separate country from Italy even though it is in the middle of Rome.

3. 6. The largest city in Europe is Paris with a population of just under 10 million people. 7. La Sapienza University in Rome is the largest university in Europe with a whopping 184,000 students. 8. Europe produces just over 18 percent of all the oil in the world. 9. The European Union has 25 country members to 90 percent of Europe was once covered in forest, but this has been reduced to 3 percent in Western Europe.

4. 11. Europe has one of the lowest fertility rates in the world. 12
11. Europe has one of the lowest fertility rates in the world. 12. Europe has been racked with war throughout its history to the point where more than 70 former countries have been conquered and no longer appear on maps. 13. The great Roman inventions so often cited by scholars actually were created by Etruscans, a small empire in the south of present day Italy. 14. The Dark Ages in Europe lasted from 476 to 1,000 A.D. or twice as long as the United States has been a country. 15. The Renaissance followed this period and lasted roughly 200 years.

5. 16. The first country to join the industrial revolution in Europe was Great Britain. 17. The First World War lasted from 1914 to 1918 and resulted in four empires radically changing or dissolving completely: the German, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman and the Russian. 18. Adolf Hitler was not German. He was Austrian, born in the small town of Braunau am Inn. 19. It is estimated that 62 million people died in World War II, 2.5 percent of the world’s population at that time. 20. The 10 most generous countries in the world when it comes to charitable giving are all located in Europe.

6. Europe as a Queen
Munster, 1588

7. Europe’s Latitude v. US

8. Former Soviet Region Compared in Latitude & Area with the United States

9. Satellite View of Europe

10. 3,800 square miles

11. R E G I O N S

12. Continents by Size (sq. km.)
Asia
44,579,000
Africa
30,065,000
North America
24,256,000
South America
17,819,000
Antarctica
13,209,000
Europe
9,938,000
Oceania (incl. Australia)  
7,687,000

13. Topography

14. Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsulas?OR
A Peninsula of Asia?

15. Europe: An Asian Peninsula?

16. Scandinavian Peninsula
Northern Peninsulas
Scandinavian Peninsula
Jutland Peninsula

17. Southern Peninsulas Crimean Peninsula Iberian Peninsula
Italian Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula
AnatoleanPeninsula

18. P e n i n s u l a s Scandinavian Pen. Jutland Pen. Crimean Pen.
Italian Pen.
Balkan Pen.
Iberian Pen.
Anatolean Pen.
Peloponnesian Pen.

19. What’s the answer ??

20. B o d i e s of W a t e r Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Sea
Baltic Sea
English Channel
Caspian Sea
Bay of Biscay
Black Sea
Dardanelles Strait
Adriatic Sea
Tyrrhenian Sea
AegeanSea
Strait of Gibraltar
Mediterranean Sea

21. The Mediterranean Sea: Mare Nostrum
Strait of Gibraltar & the “Pillars of Hercules”
2,400 miles long & 1,000 miles wide
“Crossroads of 3 Continents”
Caesarea on the Israeli coast

22. R i v e r s Volga R. Don R. Thames R. Vistula R. Elbe R. Rhine R.
Oder R.
Dnieper R.
Seine R.
Loire R.
Danube R.
Po R.
Tagus R.
Tiber R.
Ebro R.

23. The Danube River
1770 miles

24. Biking Along the Danube
The Danube River
Where Buda & Pest Meet
Biking Along the Danube
Flows through the 12 countries of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine.

25. The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.
The Volga River
The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.

26. The Volga River
The river is so polluted that the sturgeon catch has been decreased by 60%.

27. Why are most of the capitals of Europe on major rivers??

28. Capitals on the Rivers (1)
London on the Thames
Paris, right bank of the Seine
Prague on the Vltava
Budapest on the Danube

29. Capitals on the Rivers (2)
Moscow on the Moscow River
Berlin on the Spree
Rome on the Tiber
Vienna on the Danube

30. What’s the answer ??

31. They are Europe’s lifeline!
Answer:
They are Europe’s lifeline!

32. M o u t a i n s & P e a k s Ural Mts. Carpathian Mts. Caucasus Mts.
Alps Mts.
Pyrennes Mts.
Dinaric Alps
Apennines Mts.
Mt. Vesuvius ^
Mt. Olympus ^
Mt. Etna ^

33. Elevation
Urals
Caucasus
Pyrennes
Carpathians
Alps
Apennines

34. The Alps
Cover most of Switzerland, Austria, and parts of Italy and France.

35. Mt. Blanc in the Alps
Highest mountain in the Alps: 15,771 feet

36. The Caucasus Mountains
The origin of the word Caucasian.

37. Transylvania in the Carpathian Mountains
Home of Vlad Tepeš, the Drakul (“Count Dracula”)

38. Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide”
1500 miles
Divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.

39. The Ural Mountains

40. Northern European Plain
Siberian Lowlands
P l a i n s
Northern European Plain
Steppes

41. The BENELUX Countries
Belgium
Netherlands
Luxembourg

42. Holland’s Dikes

43. Amsterdam’s Canals

44. The Netherlands: The “Dagger” Pointing at the Heart of Britain!

45. P l a t e a u s
Meseta

46. Northern European Plain
Arctic Ocean
C o m p l e t e d
M a p
Siberian Lowlands
Ural Mts.
Scandinavian Pen.
Atlantic Ocean
Jutland Pen.
Volga R.
North Sea
Baltic Sea
Don R.
Northern European Plain
Thames R.
Elbe R.
Vistula R.
English Channel
Rhine R.
Oder R.
Steppes
Dnieper R.
Seine R.
Carpathian Mts.
Caspian Sea
Loire R.
Caucasus Mts.
Bay of Biscay
Alps Mts.
Crimean Pen.
Danube R.
Po R.
Pyrennes Mts.
Italian Pen.
Dinaric Alps
Balkan Pen.
Black Sea
Tagus R.
Dardanelles Strait
Tiber R.
Apennines Mts.
Iberian Pen.
Adriatic Sea
Mt. Vesuvius ^
Ebro R.
Anatolean Pen.
Tyrrhenian Sea
Mt. Olympus ^
AegeanSea
Strait of Gibraltar
Mt. Etna ^
Peloponnesian Pen.

47. 10,000 BCE – Ice Age

48. Norwegian Fjords
Glaciers cut deep valleys in the ocean during the Ice Age.

49. Earthquake Zones

50. Reykjavik, Iceland: “The Youngest Oldest Country”
Volcanoes
Hot Springs
Geysers

51. Mediterranean Islands
Generally rugged & mountainous.
Mediterranean Sea so polluted (will take years to clean up).
Sardinia
Cyprus
Malta

52. Mt. Etna, Sicily
An active volcano

53. Mt. Vesuvius, Italy
Pompeii, CE
Herculaneum, 79 CE
1944 eruption

54. Eastern
Europe

55. Eastern Europe

56. Russia’s 10 Time Zones

57. Siberia --> Permafrost
Average temperatures of January vary from 0 to -50°C, and in July from 1 to 25°C
150,000,000 population.
A former “gulag” Soviet prison camp.

58. Lake Baikal, Siberia The oldest and deepest lake in the world.
20% of the world’s total unfrozen water supply.

59. Trans-Siberian Railroad
Completed in 1905.

60. Trans-Siberian Railroad
The main line runs 5,785 miles.

61. Climate

62. Europe’s Latitude v. US

63. Climate

64. Average Annual Precipitation

65. Vegetation

66. Europe’s Natural Regions

67. The North European Plain

68. The Northern European Plain --> An Invasion Route into Asia (& Vice Versa?)

69. Steppes: “Soviet” Breadbasket

70. The Steppes
25% of the old Soviet Union’s food supply.

71. Major Regional Divisions of the Former U. S. S. R.
Chernozen Soil

72. Germany’s Black Forest

73. Germany’s Black Forest

74. Tundra: The Not-So-Barren Land Below the Arctic Circle

75. L a n d
U s e

76. Agricultural Activity

77. Natural Resources

78. R E S O U R C E S

79. Major Industrial Resources

80. Oil Export Routes in the Caucasus Area

81. Geographic
Problems

82. Major Environmental Disasters & Pollution Problems

83. Acid Rain

84. Demographics

85. World Population by Continents
Asia
3,737,000,000
Africa
823,000,000
Europe
729,000,000
North America
486,000,000
South America
351,000,000
Oceania (incl. Australia)  
31,000,000
Antarctica
no permanent population

86. Population Density [People Per Square Mile]
Belgium
336.82
Mexico
52.15
Japan
336.72
United States
29.77
India
336.62
World
14.42
United Kingdom
244.69
Norway
Italy
192.96
Canada
3.36
France
108.09
Russia
8.61

87. Population Distribution

88. Population Growth

89. Members of the Indo-European Language Family

90. Major Religious Groups in Europe

91. Arrivederci!
Good Bye!
Au Revoir!
Adios!
Cairete!
Auf Wiedersehen!
Do Svidaniya!