Overview of Integrated Landscape Land Use Planning Mike Chaveas, US Forest Service International Programs CARPE Inception Workshop Yaoundé, Cameroon February 8 th, 2007

Overview of Integrated Landscape Land Use Planning Evolution of the CARPE landscape approach Evolution of the CARPE landscape approach Reasons to Plan on Landscape scale Reasons to Plan on Landscape scale LUP in CARPE Context LUP in CARPE Context Planning Concepts and Components Planning Concepts and Components Zoning Zoning Landscape and Macro-Zone Planning Guides Landscape and Macro-Zone Planning Guides Role USFS Can Play Role USFS Can Play

Evolution of the CARPE Landscape Approach Desire to focus USAID conservation funding on priority regions Desire to focus USAID conservation funding on priority regions Areas of concern or high importance chosen to work on larger scale Areas of concern or high importance chosen to work on larger scale However, focus of activities still heavily on Protected Areas However, focus of activities still heavily on Protected Areas USFS was asked to assist with planning processes at the landscape scale USFS was asked to assist with planning processes at the landscape scale

CARPE Results Framework: Reduce the rate of forest degradation and loss of biodiversity through increased local, national, and regional natural resource management capacity. Intermediate Result 1 Intermediate Result 1 Natural resources managed sustainablyNatural resources managed sustainably Ind 1: Number of landscapes and other focal areas covered by integrated land use plans Ind 1: Number of landscapes and other focal areas covered by integrated land use plans Ind 2: Number of different use-zones (e.g., parks & PAs; CBNRM areas; forestry concessions; plantations) within landscapes with sustainable management plans Ind 2: Number of different use-zones (e.g., parks & PAs; CBNRM areas; forestry concessions; plantations) within landscapes with sustainable management plans

Manage ~90 million Hectares under a Multiple Use Mandate Manage ~90 million Hectares under a Multiple Use Mandate Focus land use planning on landscape scale, working with local communities, conservation organizations and industry Focus land use planning on landscape scale, working with local communities, conservation organizations and industry Attempt to balance ecologic, social and economic needs Attempt to balance ecologic, social and economic needs Individual and agency experience in the region, Africa and the world Individual and agency experience in the region, Africa and the world Why the USFS?

Why Landscape Planning? Address issues larger than any single protected area Address issues larger than any single protected area Assess broader, wide-ranging trends, influences, and impacts and identify the appropriate management strategies Assess broader, wide-ranging trends, influences, and impacts and identify the appropriate management strategies Considers ecological, social and economic aspects of conservation Considers ecological, social and economic aspects of conservation

Why Landscape Planning? Improve collaboration between multiple management authorities and other partners Improve collaboration between multiple management authorities and other partners Planning efficiency: planning cost/hectare and improved prioritization of use of limited resources. Planning efficiency: planning cost/hectare and improved prioritization of use of limited resources. Broaden stakeholder involvement Broaden stakeholder involvement

Why Landscape Planning Now? Concern timing is not appropriate Concern timing is not appropriate Management is Happening Now Management is Happening Now Concessions being grantedConcessions being granted Timber cut, oil and minerals extractedTimber cut, oil and minerals extracted Bushmeat being huntedBushmeat being hunted Land being cleared for agricultureLand being cleared for agriculture Stakeholders not properly representedStakeholders not properly represented Planning can improve this management Planning can improve this management Plan will not be perfect on first draft, but still useful Plan will not be perfect on first draft, but still useful

What a Landscape Plan Is Not In CARPE context, not intended to achieve formal government designation or have landscape recognized as official unit of management In CARPE context, not intended to achieve formal government designation or have landscape recognized as official unit of management

What a Landscape Plan Is Establishes Goals, Objectives, Responsibilities and Priorities Establishes Goals, Objectives, Responsibilities and Priorities Defines: Defines: What you want the land to look like and what you want to get from it;What you want the land to look like and what you want to get from it; How you’ll work to get it that way;How you’ll work to get it that way; Who will work get it that way; andWho will work get it that way; and When they’d like to get it that way.When they’d like to get it that way. Identifies knowledge gaps and fills knowledge gaps Identifies knowledge gaps and fills knowledge gaps Monitoring tool for USAID/CARPE management Monitoring tool for USAID/CARPE management

Landscape Planning in the CARPE Context Plans demonstrate how CARPE implementing partners: Plans demonstrate how CARPE implementing partners: 1) assess and analyze issues, activities, resources and uses;1) assess and analyze issues, activities, resources and uses; 2) identify current resource protection priorities and trends;2) identify current resource protection priorities and trends; 3) consult, collaborate, and integrate stakeholders; and3) consult, collaborate, and integrate stakeholders; and 4) focus management activities to achieve desired conditions.4) focus management activities to achieve desired conditions. Plans serve as performance monitoring tools for CARPE management Plans serve as performance monitoring tools for CARPE management

Landscape Planning in the CARPE Context CARPE implementing partners are not the land management authority, therefore to be effective must: CARPE implementing partners are not the land management authority, therefore to be effective must: Form strong partnerships with government agenciesForm strong partnerships with government agencies Work through consensus of local communities and other stakeholdersWork through consensus of local communities and other stakeholders Form alliances with industryForm alliances with industry

Landscape Planning in the CARPE Context CARPE landscape land use planning prioritizes three types of “macro-zones”: CARPE landscape land use planning prioritizes three types of “macro-zones”: Protected Areas (PA),Protected Areas (PA), Community Based Natural ResourceCommunity Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) zones, Extractive ResourceExtractive Resource Zones (ERZ). Macro-zone Macro-zone management plans incorporated into overarching Integrated Landscape Land Use Plan

CARPE Land Use Planning Guides Protected Area Plan(s) CBNRM Plan(s)ERZ Plan(s) Integrated Landscape Land Use Plan Landscape level plan sets broad goals, objectives, Macro-zone plans deal with management details USFS produced guides - Target audience - Provides “Tasks” for completion NGO approach will differ depending on presence of formal authority

Key Planning Concepts Adaptive Management and Planning Adaptive Management and Planning Perfect Information Does Not Exist Perfect Information Does Not Exist Planning helps identify critical gapsPlanning helps identify critical gaps Prioritization of the Use of Limited Resources Prioritization of the Use of Limited Resources Desired Condition Planning Desired Condition Planning Simplify, simplify, simplify Simplify, simplify, simplify

Key Plan Components Desired Conditions Desired Conditions Objectives Objectives Macro and Micro- zones Macro and Micro- zones Guidelines Guidelines Implementation Schedules Implementation Schedules Monitoring and Information Needs Assessment Monitoring and Information Needs Assessment

Planning Constants Prioritizing use of Resources Prioritizing use of Resources Clearly articulating goals Clearly articulating goals Identifying and engaging stakeholders Identifying and engaging stakeholders

Zoning Macro-Zones: Macro-Zones: Delineated at Landscape planning levelDelineated at Landscape planning level Often already established (PAs, legal extraction concessions) Often already established (PAs, legal extraction concessions) Refined at Macro-zone planning level Refined at Macro-zone planning level Macro-Zoning entire landscape?Macro-Zoning entire landscape? Micro-Zones: Micro-Zones: Delineated at level of PA, CBNRM and ERZ plansDelineated at level of PA, CBNRM and ERZ plans

Integrated Landscape Land Use Planning Guide Landscape is a CARPE construct Landscape is a CARPE construct Not intended to force recognition of landscape by national governments as a legal entity Not intended to force recognition of landscape by national governments as a legal entity Tool for implementing NGOs in planning their approach on landscape Tool for implementing NGOs in planning their approach on landscape Standardizes the process Standardizes the process Desired Conditions and Objectives set broad goals for NGOs operations across macro-zones in landscape. Desired Conditions and Objectives set broad goals for NGOs operations across macro-zones in landscape.

Protected Area Planning Guide Refining boundaries Refining boundaries Evaluating PA’s official status and management capacity of Gov authority Evaluating PA’s official status and management capacity of Gov authority Describing Desired Conditions Describing Desired Conditions Identifying management Identifying management Objectives to achieve Desired Conditions Defining Guidelines Defining Guidelines Micro-zoning Micro-zoning Monitoring and Feedback Monitoring and Feedback

PA Planning Challenges and Lessons Hesitant to embrace adaptive management Hesitant to embrace adaptive management People in parks People in parks Resource prioritization and partnerships Resource prioritization and partnerships Tendency toward large descriptive documents Tendency toward large descriptive documents

Micro-Zoning Different management needs and objectives in different parts of macro-zone Different management needs and objectives in different parts of macro-zone Management actions should differ from rest of macro-zone to create a micro- zone Management actions should differ from rest of macro-zone to create a micro- zone Entire macro-zone need not be micro- zoned Entire macro-zone need not be micro- zoned Fewer micro-zones is preferable Fewer micro-zones is preferable

CBNRM Planning Guide Assist in organization of communities to help them manage their resources Assist in organization of communities to help them manage their resources Identifying “communities” and prioritizing which to work with Identifying “communities” and prioritizing which to work with Ensuring full participation/representation Ensuring full participation/representation Desired Conditions/Objectives of the community (may not Desired Conditions/Objectives of the community (may not match yours) Micro-zoning based Micro-zoning based on needs of community Guidelines Guidelines

ERZ Planning Guide Not creating a operational management plan Not creating a operational management plan What to look for in a responsible timber or mining management plan What to look for in a responsible timber or mining management plan Partnership opportunities. Role of NGO may vary widely: Partnership opportunities. Role of NGO may vary widely: Assist with wildlife/habitat safeguardsAssist with wildlife/habitat safeguards Working with community stakeholdersWorking with community stakeholders Wider rangingWider ranging environmental safeguards Providing incentives forProviding incentives for improved management Plan to find your niche Plan to find your niche in the ERZ

How The USFS Can Assist Guides Guides Technical assistance on planning as a whole or components of plans as process moves forward Technical assistance on planning as a whole or components of plans as process moves forward Government to Government relations Government to Government relations

Thank you for your attention! Questions / Discussion