AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Hodder Education Revision Lessons The use and abuse of drugs Click to continue

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Overview Click to continue A drug is a substance that alters the way the body works. Drugs can be split into three main categories: medicinal drugs — used to prevent or fight diseases and other health problems recreational drugs — used for pleasure performance-enhancing drugs — used to improve strength, speed etc. How many drugs in each of the categories above do you know?

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Medicinal drugs Drugs have been used for thousands of years to cure ailments. All drugs have some potential side effects that can affect people (as in the case of thalidomide) and so have to be thoroughly tested through clinical trials. Click to continue What are the ethical issues involved in testing new drugs on animals? What are the ethical issues involved in testing new drugs on people?

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Thalidomide Thalidomide was developed for sleeping problems but it was found to relieve morning sickness in pregnant women. However it also caused their children to have deformed limbs. It was banned, but it is now used for treating leprosy. Click to continue

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Performance-enhancing drugs Whenever there have been competitions, there have been people prepared to cheat. Drugs have been used to improve: Click to continue strength — steroids build muscle size — HGH (human growth hormone) increases height stamina — EPO is used in endurance sports such as cycling precision — beta-blockers can improve ability in sports such as snooker These drugs all have known side effects.

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Recreational drugs Drugs are taken by some people for pleasure despite their proven harmful side effects. Examples are: Click to continue alcohol — causes liver and brain damage tobacco — lung cancer and emphysema marijuana — mental problems solvents — brain damage People who use illegal hard drugs such as heroin and cocaine use, or have used, recreational drugs.

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Alcohol Click to continue ClassificationEffects on the body It is illegal for anyone under the age of 18 to buy alcoholic drinks. It is illegal for someone over 18 to supply alcoholic drinks to someone under 18. Feel relaxed Lose inhibitions Can become loud and sometimes aggressive Unconsciousness Increased blood pressure Possible liver and brain damage

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Solvents Click to continue ClassificationEffects on the body It is illegal for a retailer to sell a solvent to anyone under the age of 18 if they believe it will be used for inhaling to cause intoxication. Brief feeling of euphoria Lose inhibitions Blurred vision Dizziness Blackouts Possible lung, liver and brain damage Glue, lighter fluid, paint thinners, correcting fluid

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Cocaine Click to continue ClassificationEffects on the body Class A or ‘hard’ drug. Illegal to possess or sell. Feeling of well-being and confidence Increased heart rate and blood pressure Highly addictive Depression Mental health problems

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Heroin Click to continue ClassificationEffects on the body Class A or ‘hard’ drug. Illegal to possess or sell. Feeling of well-being Drowsiness Blurred vision Vomiting Highly addictive Can cause a coma or death when taken in large amounts

AQA GCSE Science & Additional Science Biology 1 Topic 3 Recreational drugs — what do you think? Do you think drugs like cannabis should be legalised? What are the advantages and disadvantages? What would happen if all drugs were made legal? What are your views on this? Click to continue