Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Module 06 Renewable Energy (RE) Technologies & Impacts (continued) - Use of RE sources in electricity generation, in transport,

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Presentation transcript:

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Module 06 Renewable Energy (RE) Technologies & Impacts (continued) - Use of RE sources in electricity generation, in transport, and in other energy consumption modes -Ecological impacts of RE sources, and mitigation measures

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 RE technology options: - Hydroelectric - Hydroelectric - Solar - Solar - Wind - Wind - Geothermal - Marine (Wave and Tidal) - Biofuels (Biomass, Bioethanol and Biodiesel)

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy Wind power report. 7 th ed. London: ABS Energy Research; 2010

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy Country Total installed capacity at 2010 (GW) Proposed installed capacity in 2020 (GW) China USA40.2Lack of proper policies Germany onshore 10 offshore Spain onshore 05 offshore India13.1 Leung DYC, Yang Y. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012):1031–39 Top 05 wind energy users

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy Leung DYC, Yang Y. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012):1031–39 Onshore wind farm

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy CountryInstalled capacity (MW)Start-up year USA China USA Leung DYC, Yang Y. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012):1031–39 Top 10 onshore wind farms until 2010

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy CountryCapacity (MW) China20,000 USA5050 USA4000 Sweden4000 Romania1500 Australia1000 USA New Zealand860 USA845 Romania700 Leung DYC, Yang Y. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012):1031–39 Top 10 proposed onshore wind farms

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy Leung DYC, Yang Y. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012):1031–39 Offshore wind turbine

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy CountryCapacity (MW) UK300 Denmark209; 207 UK194; 180; 172 Denmark166 Leung DYC, Yang Y. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012):1031–39 Large offshore wind farms

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy The nacelle contains the gear box (sometimes), generator, step-up transformer & cooling system

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy For more about different blades

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy Rotor diameter Swept area Rotor blade Tower Nacelle with gearbox and generator Hub height Underground electrical connections (front view) Foundation (side view) Drawing of the rotor and blades of a wind turbine

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy Horizontal axisVertical axis Rotor diameter Rotor blade Tower Generator Nacelle Gearbox Rotor diameter Rotor blade Generator Gearbox

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy Leung DYC, Yang Y. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012):1031–39 Wind turbine size In a large modern wind turbine, - the generator can be 100 times of the size of a similar turbine in 1980, - blade length has increased almost 8 times over the same period. - the rotor diameter ranges from 40 to 90 m, and is rated between 500 kW and 2 MW

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy "Aerogenerator X" is a vertical axial machine, that would stretch nearly 275 m from blade tip to tip and would stand nearly 600 ft high above the waves. Each turbine (10 MW capacity) should be able to generate energy equivalent to 2 million barrels of oil in 25-year lifetime.

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy - Sway (Norway) is planning to build massive floating turbines that would stick straight out of the sea from 100m-deep floating "masts" anchored to the seabed. - An EU-sponsored research project is also investigating 8 –10 MW turbines. - American and Danish companies are planning 9 MW machines. - Full-scale prototypes of all three leading designs are expected to be complete within three years. - These projects have the potential to transform the global energy market forever.

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy Leung DYC, Yang Y. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012):1031–39 Wind turbine size However manufacture of a large wind turbine could be hampered by factors like special reinforced materials and bespoke lifting vehicles, etc.

Prof. R. Shanthini 02 Feb 2013 Wind Energy each Lens measuring 112 meters in diameter, can provide enough energy for an average household.