1. Powered by Rock Earth's Energy Systems Dr Liam Herringshaw

2. Class 7: Solar-Wind

3. Hydro, Landfill, Biomass, Solar, Wind
UK Renewables
Hydro, Landfill, Biomass, Solar, Wind

4. Windy UK Windiest country in Europe
World's 6th largest producer of wind power

5. Global stats China ~91 GW USA ~61 GW Germany ~34 GW Spain ~23 GW
India ~20 GW
UK ~10.5 GW

6. UK wind stats Turbines: ~4300 onshore ~7 GW capacity ~1000 offshore
Produce ~26 TWh
(~6m homes)

7. Increasing power
Thursday
March 6th 2014

8. Your Thoughts...
Wind Power:
Pros & Cons

9. Solar Power
“The sun’s energy incident upon the earth in one hour is equivalent to our total annual energy consumption.”
(Imperial College Solar Network)

10. Solar Power 22% of global electricity by 2050?
International Energy Agency

11. Using the sun 1. Solar thermal 2. Solar photovoltaic:
Using sunshine for direct heating of buildings or water.
2. Solar photovoltaic:
Generating electricity.
3. Solar biomass:
Using photosynthesizing organisms to make fuels, chemicals, or building materials.
4. Food:
Solar biomass as fuel for ourselves

12. Getting solar-powered
Type 1 – Photovoltaics (PV)

13. Getting solar-powered
Type 1 – Photovoltaics (PV)
Directly convert solar energy into electricity using a PV cell made of a semiconductor material.
Fastest-growing renewable power source:
1.5 GW in 2000; 65 GW in 2011 (IEA)

14. Solar Power Type 2 – Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
Focus energy from sun’s rays to heat a receiver to high temperatures.
Heat transformed into mechanical energy (by turbines or other engines) then into electricity.

15. Solar Power Type 2 – Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
Solucar complex, Seville, Spain
Largest solar complex in Europe
1st solar towers in the world

17. Solar UK Solar potential map
Low but similar to Germany, which has solar power capacity of ~36 GW (Jan 2014)

18. Solar UK Current UK solar power capacity: ~2.5 GW
(Massive PV growth in 2011)
20 GW by 2020?

19. Solar Power: Pros & Cons
Your Thoughts...
Solar Power:
Pros & Cons

20. Raw materials
Vidal et al. - Nature Geoscience (2013)

21. Rare earths & renewables
Neodymium
Very powerful magnet
300kg in one wind turbine
Chinese mines

22. Perovskites & Photovoltaics
New semiconductor technology
85% of PV cells based on crystalline silicon
10-20% efficient
Perovskites:
High charge-carrier mobility
Less energy lost as heat
Perovskite, CaTiO3

23. Space for wind? Offshore winds stronger Shallow sea bed viable
Dogger Bank:
~7 GW

24. Space for solar?
San Bernandino County, California

25. A windy, sunny future for the UK?
VOTE!

26. Next week: Reviewing The Options
New room: Alcuin College