Written by Margo Seltzer Presented by Mark Simko

 Intro  Relational Prehistory  New Frontier  Emerging Data Needs  Flexible Solutions  Modularity  Configurability  Questions

 Number and variety of computing devices increasing rapidly  Applications impossible a few years ago are popping up everywhere  Greater need for data storage and retrieval Examples  Gaming applications  GPS  Messaging applications

Relational Databases  Highly successful past 30 years  SQL infused  Evolved over the years

 IBM and University of Berkeley circa 1970s  Programmers had to rewrite large chunks of code whenever database changed Solved the problem in two ways  Hid the physical organization of DB from application, only saw logical view  Used a declarative language to describe data, rather then a collection of function calls

 1998 DB researches noticed DBMS were becoming too complex  Configuration and management needs to become automated  Become more modular and simple, component- based building blocks “One size no longer fits all” Michael Stonebraker

 Data Warehousing  Directory Services  Web Search  Mobile Device Caching  XML Management  Stream Processing

Back to basis approach  Every application build its own data storage service Lots of data management options  Each addresses a particular application class, SQL is used to hide different capabilities Produce storage engine that can be configurable  Individual can tweak it to their own requirements  Allows concentrated investment in a single storage system, improving quality

Two properties a solution must possess to address the wide range of emerging applications  Modularity  Configurability

Tools allow you to manage  Size  Allowing smaller, simpler applications  Complexity  Some programs are low concurrency, others medium and some high Enables the applications and data management capabilities to interact seamlessly

 Refers to how well a system can be matched to its environment and application needs For discussion, this article covers  Hardware  Environment (operating system)  Applications software architecture  “Natural” data format of application

Hardware  Cpu speed  Memory size  Physical storage capabilities (RAM, magnetic flash)  Compression

Environment (operating system)  Cell phones  Laptops  Servers  PDAs  GPSs  MP3 players

Applications software architecture  Single thread  Collection of cooperating processes (each single threaded)  Multiple threads of control in a single process  Multiple multithreaded processes  Event-based architecture

“Natural” data format of application  Physical Clustering  Indexing Mechanism  Internal Structure of items in the database

 Old style database systems solve old style problems  We need new style database systems to solve new style problems  Conventional Database Management Systems aren’t going away, but we need configurable Database systems to solve today’s and tomorrow’s problems