LAMA Institute Lorcan Dempsey November 2002 Lorcan Dempsey November 2002

Becoming digital

The data map: what sorts of resources are we supporting The 'recombinant' library: modular library services for more flexibility Emerging emphases –Portal –Digital collections –Engagement with research and learning

Becoming digital … A shared network space –Resources and users –Organization, services and users

Grid.. resources and users highlow high stewardship uniqueness Books Journals Newspapers Albums Maps Scores Special collections Rare books Local/Historical newspapers Local history materials Archives & manuscripts Theses & dissertations Institutional repositories ePrints Learning objects/materials Research data Freely-accessible web resources Open source software Newsgroup archives

Books and journals and … Rich apparatus for discovery, acquisition, management is under pressure Multiple electronic resources –Catalogs –A&I databases –Journals –…–… For the library –A headache –Improve service –Realize value of investment –Squeeze cost out of processing –Automate supply chain –Manage rights/licenses For the user –Ranganathan! –What is available? –Enhance research and learning experience

Special collections … Make rich cultural resources available in new ways For the library –Resourcing –A major learning experience –No routine –Selection –Presentation –Fragmented For the user –What is useful for research, learning, personal fulfilment? –Can materials be re-used

Research and learning … Supporting the creation, management, use and disclosure of institutional learning and research resources Learning –Courseware –E-reserves –Reading lists Research –E-prints –Data –Scholarly communication What is the library role? The diffuse library (Wendy Lougee)

Freely available web resources … If it is not on the web, does it exist? For the library –What is the role? –Major redundant effort – links –Align with other resources For the user –The google experience –The library promise

Above and below the line … Below the line –Discovery? Shining a light on hidden resources –Preservation? The long term costs of digital ownership –The digital library Above the line –Commodified? –Streamlined A unified experience

The example of metadata Books Journals Special collections Freely-accessible web resources Research and learning materials highlow high stewardship uniqueness MARC, Onix MARC, Onix MARC, METS, EAD, DC, TEI Dublin Core DC, DDI, IEEE/LOM, FGDC, EAD, TEI, SCORM

highlow high stewardship unique Special collections Disclosure, Licensing highlow high stewardship unique Scholarly communication highlow high stewardship unique The google factor Trends

Organization, service and users Library services in a shared network space

The recombinant library user environments lab books exhibitions PDAs learning management systems portal framework course material text book new scholarly resources resource environment library shared cataloging, ILL licensed collections archiving virtual reference Content aggregation

Recombinant organization Existing –Shared cataloguing –Resource sharing –Access to journal literature Emerging –Tiered catalog access –Archiving –Collection mapping –Collaborative collection assessment, consolidation, development –Resolution – streamlining access to the commodity literature –Virtual reference –Harvesting

Issues The value of interoperability Interoperability is recombinant potential –Add a database to a search –Add a document to a repository –Fuse metadata from one repository with another –Switch provider of data or system or service –Add new service channels The quest for organizational structures and new institutional arrangements The need to understand the experience of the user

Where we are going … Looking forward: engagement with research and learning Portals and federation

Portal

The recombinant library user environments lab books exhibitions PDAs learning management systems portal framework course material text book new scholarly resources resource environment library shared cataloging, ILL licensed collections archiving virtual reference Content aggregation

Library portal How the library mediates the engagement of users and resources in a network environment All vogue words tend to share a similar fate: the more experiences they pretend to make transparent, the more they themselves become opaque. Zygmunt Bauman

Library portal - the problem End user needs to –Know what is available –Learn multiple interfaces –Manually fuse results Resource 2Resource 4 Institutional repository Commercial resource Community repository

Library portal approach … Resources Presentation Map onto user interests, maybe with personalization or community features. Mediation Hide difference of underlying resources. Federate and fuse. Hide difference of underlying resources. Federate and fuse. Provide intermediate layers between user and resources. Manage multiple collections. Provide intermediate layers between user and resources. Manage multiple collections.

A portal grid! Mediation/ Presentation (thick) Presentation (thin) StillDynamic

Delivery Request Configuration Identity management Resolution Distributed query Harvesting data Resource 2Resource 4 Institutional repository Commercial resource Community repository Presentation Rights managemen t AnnotationNotification Terminology services Syndication V. Ref Record fusion & enrichment

Mediation Portal application Resources Presentation Utility services

Query; Harvest; Request; reference Resour ces Present ation Directory services Institutions Collections Services Policies Rights Resolution services Terminology services Identity services Authentication Authorization Directory services Institutions Collections Services Policies Rights Resolution services Terminology services Identity services Authentication Authorization

Presentation A portal will have its own user interface It may also appear as a channel in another presentation layer –A portlet in a portal framework Web services –SOAP, …

Presentation Library portal Presentation Game, simulation, quiz, … Presentation Digital lab-book Presentation Exhibition Presentation Learning management system Presentation A search box Presentation Enterprise portal framework Presentation Personal or group portfolio

Some central technologies Z39.50 –SRU/SRW Open Archives Initiative OpenURL

OAI-based mediation WebBrowserWebBrowser UnionCatalogUnionCatalog DC/MARC HTML OAI Server#1 DC & EAD OAI Server#1 DC & EAD OAI Server#2 DC & MARC OAI Server#2 DC & MARC OAI Server#3 DC & VRA OAI Server#3 DC & VRA OAIHarvesterOAIHarvester DC MARC DC

Data map again Emerging interest in harvesting Z39.50 and OpenURL A mixed economy

University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Library - Champaign, IL - $499, National Leadership Grants for Libraries - Research & DemonstrationNational Leadership Grants for Libraries In this three-year research project, the Library of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign will create a collection-level registry of digital collections created with IMLS funding from 1998 to 2005 and will research, design and implement a prototype item-level metadata repository service based on the Open Archives Initiative Metadata Harvesting Protocol. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Library - Champaign, IL - $499, National Leadership Grants for Libraries - Research & DemonstrationNational Leadership Grants for Libraries In this three-year research project, the Library of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign will create a collection-level registry of digital collections created with IMLS funding from 1998 to 2005 and will research, design and implement a prototype item-level metadata repository service based on the Open Archives Initiative Metadata Harvesting Protocol.

Portal functionality provided by ARL libraries: results of an ARL survey – April ARL libraries respond –21% have a portal –10% are building one –42% in discussion about a portal –14% not considering one A portal defined as cross-searching plus one other supporting service

Some aims Wrap a collection of resources in a web environment which: –Saves time for research, learning and personal fulfillment –Surfaces potentially valuable resources which otherwise might be overlooked in the trees –Allows users and library to focus on collections rather than mechanics of interaction Will increasingly need to interact with other environments –Learning management, institutional portal frameworks, … Library portal transitional

The engagement with research and learning

A whirlwind tour … The institutional portal framework Folding information into the learning environment Curatorial attention to research and learning resources

Dynamic presentation

Interacting with enterprise Enterprise view –Portal envy –Portal wars –Proliferation of portals –YAP (yet another portal) No resource is single focus of a users attention Interaction with other institutional services (authentication) A channel in a wider framework

Creative knowledge you can put in your pocket

Library?

learning … it is likely that a large part of the student and teacher experience will be managed within a systems framework which manages the learning life-cycle and interfaces to multiple systems and services. Neil Mclean, pro-vice Chancellor e-learning and information services, Macquarrie University

Perhaps the core lesson for librarians from the quiet revolution in teaching and learning in academe is the awareness that most academic libraries are not ends in themselves, but rather a means to enhancing teaching and learning. From this perspective, all future changes in library goals and objectives, budget and staffing, strategies and directions, must be in synch with the university and driven by the values and visions of the campus for teaching and learning..... To be successful in the future, however, librarians must partner with academic departments and classroom faculty in ever new and creative ways as we plan and deliver these library services to the University community. Perhaps the core lesson for librarians from the quiet revolution in teaching and learning in academe is the awareness that most academic libraries are not ends in themselves, but rather a means to enhancing teaching and learning. From this perspective, all future changes in library goals and objectives, budget and staffing, strategies and directions, must be in synch with the university and driven by the values and visions of the campus for teaching and learning..... To be successful in the future, however, librarians must partner with academic departments and classroom faculty in ever new and creative ways as we plan and deliver these library services to the University community. Brad Baker, NE Illinois U

Learning Some specifics –Reading lists –eReserves –Exam papers –Subscription resources –Virtual reference –YAP? –Interaction between library systems and learning management systems Some general –Which library resources are most relevant to teaching? –Organizational frameworks for collaboration? –Long term role curatorial role? –Metadata and repositories

Biomedical informatics Source:

Advanced Computing Center for the Arts and Design (ACCAD) Motion Capture Lab Source:

Olentangy River Wetland Research Park Source:

components of CI-enabled science & engineering Collaboration Services Knowledge management institutions for collection building and curation of data, information, literature, digital objects High-performance computing for modeling, simulation, data processing/mining Individual & Group Interfaces & Visualization Physical World Humans Facilities for activation, manipulation and construction Instruments for observation and characterization. Global Connectivity Atkins report Atkins cyberinfrastructure report for NSF

Knowledge bank – OSU – in planning April A proposal for the development of an OSU knowledge bank

Institutional repository – curating institutional intellectual assets Reputation management –Interesting interaction between Devolved scholarly authority to contribute to discipline Managed university approach to asset and reputation management Curatorial responsibility to the intellectual record Enrich the discourse of scholarly communication –Surface rich resources –New opportunities for access, analysis, re-use

General repository issues Long term ownership costs unknown Mission critical liabilities Balance between scholarly needs and management needs –Actuarial perspective –Ingestible –Secure the value of investment

Research and learning Research and learning behavior is increasingly entering the network space –Library resources need to be available at the appropriate stage within the learning or research environment –Research and learning outputs require curatorial attention –New forms of engagement and support. The impact of technology on libraries is no less important than the impact of technology on the behaviours of our users. What is very important is how we adapt to support those changes.