Digital Storytelling Digital stories in the classroom …a telling experience A digital storytelling workshop based on the book to be published by Corwin Press, Fall,

Digital Storytelling Main site: Storytelling site: All my handouts are available…

Digital Storytelling 1.Overview of digital storytelling, new media production… 2.Assessing new media… 3.Art of the story - creating stories that teach and stick… 4.Story as media prep… 5.Story for instruction… 6.Story for organizations Today’s plan:

Digital Storytelling What’s digital story telling about? Living, learning, working in the Digital Age…

Digital Storytelling stories and storytelling… speaking new media, joining the story culture… shifting from consumer to producer, prosumer… combining traditional, new literacies (including media literacy…) constructivist, proj-based learning… blending story, analytical thinking… What’s digital storytelling about?

Digital Storytelling Assessment Reason teachers don’t require more new media projects from students?? Not comfortable assessing new media… So, let’s help them…

Digital Storytelling Beneath story: storyboards, story maps, scripts, photos, footage, music, logs, media lists, narratives, treatments…lots of writing “under the radar”…if it ain’t on the page… Story on the digital stage is just tip of artifact/assessment iceberg… Assessment

Digital Storytelling DAOW of literacy… Digital storytelling blends a number of literacies… Including MEDIA LITERACY…

Digital Storytelling Assessment New Media Assessment Project Interested? Contact me:

Digital Storytelling The Art of the Story

Digital Storytelling Two kinds of thinking STORIES REPORTS* Internal rhythm…- Not usually Tension-resolution…- Not usually Inquiry-discovery…- Not usually (can be…) Involvement…- Not usually (marginal) Flow structure…- Not usually (episodic) Info in context of expectation… - Not usually (listed info) Memorable info container… -Not usually * exceptional documentaries

Digital Storytelling Two kinds of thinking Story thinking Analytic thinking Report/ Documentary Story where? … VS.

Digital Storytelling Two kinds of thinking = Next frontier +

Digital Storytelling Story planning… Once upon a time, there was a …

Digital Storytelling No rules… only guidelines…

Digital Storytelling Traditional story planning process 1. Get a story idea 2. Develop storyboard or outline and script

Digital Storytelling Traditional story boarding Angle: Shot: Movement: Audio: Angle: Shot: Movement: Audio: Technical direction

Digital Storytelling Angle: wide Shot: side of bus, going to school Movement: follow bus Audio: music (Born to Learn) Angle: wide, zoom in Shot: front of school, students entering Movement: stationary Audio: music, cont. Technical direction None - ambient happy school bus noise Teacher at door, greeting each child as they enter Story board for “We Won’t Leave School” Technical direction

Digital Storytelling Teacher at door, greeting each child as they enter Script, voice over narration: “Once upon a time there were children so in love with school they refused to leave when summer vacation came. They demanded to keep learning. ‘More math problems!’ they cried.” None - voice over with ambient happy school, bus noise Story board for “We Won’t Leave School” Angle: wide Shot: side of bus, going to school Movement: follow bus Audio: music (Born to Learn) Technical direction

Digital Storytelling Traditional story planning process 1. Get a story idea 2. Develop storyboard or outline and script

Digital Storytelling Traditional story planning process 1. Get a story idea NO! 2. Develop storyboard or outline and script

Digital Storytelling New story planning process 1. Get a story idea 3. Develop storyboard or outline and script 2. Develop story map New!

Digital Storytelling (Dillingham, 2003; modified Ohler 2005) VPS + transformation = quest

Digital Storytelling Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Story Core (Ohler, 2005) Transformation

Digital Storytelling Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Story Core (Ohler, 2005) Transformation

Digital Storytelling Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Story Core (Ohler, 2005) Transformation - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal

Digital Storytelling Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Story Core (Ohler, 2005) Transformation - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal Middle (conflict, growth)

Digital Storytelling Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Transformation - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal Middle Ordinary life… “the call to adventure…” closure “Life” resumes… (conflict, growth) Visual Portrait of Story (VPS) - the quest (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005)

Digital Storytelling Visual Portrait of Story (VPS) - the quest (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005)

Digital Storytelling Kinds of stories…

Digital Storytelling Transformation? Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Beginning Ordinary life… “the call to adventure…” closure “Life” resumes… VPS + transformation = quest Middle End (conflict, growth) (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005) - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal

Digital Storytelling (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005) realization, decision? Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Beginning Ordinary life… “the call to adventure…” closure “Life” resumes… VPS + realization/decision = personal story Middle End (conflict, growth) (narrator and/or listener) - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal

Digital Storytelling learning? growth? Inquiry (tension) Discovery (resolution) Beginning Ordinary life… “the call to adventure…” closure “Life” resumes… VPS + learning = curriculum story Middle End (conflict, growth) (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005) - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal

Digital Storytelling Make students heroes of their own learning stories…

Digital Storytelling artistic growth? Inspiration (tension) Realization (resolution) Beginning Ordinary life… “the call to adventure…” closure “Life” resumes… VPS + creative focus = art story Middle (conflict, growth) End (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005) - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal

Digital Storytelling Transformation? Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Beginning Ordinary life… closure “Life” resumes… Start your story anywhere… Middle (conflict, growth) End Build story around a key transformation you want to illustrate… ‘Problem/ resolution scenario you want to flesh out? Start here… I rarely start here… Do you have a “moral” you want students to understand? Start here and work backwards… Opportunities or challenges for your students? Start here… (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005) - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal

Digital Storytelling Story mapping… 1.Maps the emotional flow of story… 2.Shows relationship between events and story elements…

Digital Storytelling Story mapping… 1.Maps the emotional flow of story… 2.Shows relationship between events and story elements… 3.Happens early in project…teacher can challenge 4.Is simple, no tech required…

Digital Storytelling Story mapping… 1.Maps the emotional flow of story… 2.Shows relationship between events and story elements… 3.Happens early in project…teacher can challenge 4.Is simple, no tech required… 5.Story as information container… students understand story rhythm…

Digital Storytelling Story mapping… 1.Maps the emotional flow of story… 2.Shows relationship between events and story elements… 3.Happens early in project…teacher can challenge 4.Is simple, no tech required… 5.Story as information container… students understand story rhythm… 6.Works with all storytelling, media… high tech, low tech, no tech…

Digital Storytelling Begin Transformation

Digital Storytelling Trans- formation

Digital Storytelling Transformation? Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Ordinary life… closure “Life” resumes… What’s the nature of transformation? Middle (conflict, opportunity) End - challenge - opportunity - goal Beginning (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005)

Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential

Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential 3.Emotional - maturity, realization 4.Moral - conscience, realizing “right”

Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential 3.Emotional - maturity, realization 4.Moral - conscience, realizing “right” 5.Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation 6.Social - realizing responsibility

Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential 3.Emotional - maturity, realization 4.Moral - conscience, realizing “right” 5.Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation 6.Social - realizing responsibility 7. Intellectual/creative - learning, problem solving, critical thinking, realizing new understandings 8. Spiritual - awakening, revelation

Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential 3.Emotional - maturity, realization 4.Moral - conscience, realizing “right” 5.Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation 6.Social - realizing responsibility 7. Intellectual/creative - learning, problem solving, critical thinking, realizing new understandings 8. Spiritual - awakening, revelation

Digital Storytelling Bloom’s taxonomy as transformation… LevelKindExplanation #6EvaluationCharacter assesses situation, critiques and/or defends idea, person; evaluates a situation in order to respond to it… #5SynthesisCharacter pieces together parts to form new understanding of situation… #4AnalysisCharacter deconstructs a situation, distinguishes among options, plans or organizes something, compares and contrasts different things… #3ApplicationCharacter discovers, constructs or changes something; applies understanding to a new situation… #2ComprehensionCharacter explains, interprets, predicts something… #1KnowledgeCharacter knows, remembers, describes something…

Digital Storytelling -characters, listeners, both… -consciously, unconsciously, both… -internally, externally, both… Who transforms? Internal vs. external: …slaying personal dragons vs. slaying real dragons…

Digital Storytelling Docudrama (Mockumentary) Story Continuum of transformation… ? Focus: listener changes thru learning… POV (narrator, docu-protagonist) can change too… Focus: characters change… listeners change with them… Report/ Documentary

William Tell and the Little Girl Who Could Fix Computers…” “ (I tell a story… we debrief)

Digital Storytelling Transformation? Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Beginning Ordinary life… “the call to adventure…” closure “Life” resumes… VPS + transformation = quest Middle End (conflict, growth) - challenge - opportunity - goal (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005)

Digital Storytelling Play Hannah’s story…

Digital Storytelling Play Rolling Ball…

Digital Storytelling Digital story rubric No rules, just guidelines… No formulas, just forms of you… Story teller covenant…

Digital Storytelling Story- Story core? Transformation? Engagement? What’s learned? What if technology were removed? Voice- Authentic? Tone consistent? Scope, length, flow- Economy? Length appropriate? Anything extraneous? Digital story rubric

Digital Storytelling Story- Story core? Transformation? Engagement? What’s learned? What if technology were removed? Voice- Authentic? Tone consistent? Scope, length, flow- Economy? Length appropriate? Anything extraneous? Digital story rubric

Digital Storytelling Story- Story core? Transformation? Engagement? What’s learned? What if technology were removed? Voice- Authentic? Tone consistent? Scope, length, flow- Economy? Length appropriate? Anything extraneous? Digital story rubric

Digital Storytelling Media- Media support story, not vice versa? Explain media choices? Media literacy moments? Technique- Media grammar? Well-mixed? Squinting? Confusion? Digital story rubric Assessable artifacts- Writing? Planning docs? Story map? Board? Copyright? Citations?

Digital Storytelling Media- Media support story, not vice versa? Explain media choices? Media literacy moments? Technique- Media grammar? Well-mixed? Squinting? Confusion? Digital story rubric Assessable artifacts- Writing? Planning docs? Story map? Board? Copyright? Citations?

Digital Storytelling Steady camera… Clear audio… (ear squinting?) Well-mixed audio… Clear, effective lighting… (squinting?) Subject-oriented shot… Relevant background… Unless on purpose! Media grammar-video

Digital Storytelling Rule of 80/20

Digital Storytelling First 80% Last 20% 20% last 80% - project completion - Rule of 80/20 - costs, resources -

Digital Storytelling First 80% Last 20% 20% last 80% glitz, fixing every little thing… the production wall - project completion - Hitting the production wall Rule of 80/20 - costs, resources -

Digital Storytelling First 80% Last 20% 20% last 80% - costs, resources - My advice? Forget the last 20%!!! - project completion - Rule of 80/20

Digital Storytelling Media- Media support story, not vice versa? Explain media choices? Media literacy moments? Technique- Media grammar? Well-mixed? Squinting? Confusion? Digital story rubric Assessable artifacts- Writing? Planning docs? Story map? Board? Copyright? Citations?

Digital Storytelling Go tell your story! Thank you…

Digital Storytelling ProblemSolutionTransformation Story storming

Digital Storytelling Storming with Adams’ story spine The platform Once upon a time… Every day… The catalyst: But one day… The consequences: Because of that… The climax: Until finally… The resolution: Ever since then… The moral of this story is… Story Spine by Kenn Adams

Works, pictures, diagrams and web resources referenced in presentations are identified in the following slides. Those referenced in black are those more often used in the “Digital Storytelling” presentation. Those referenced in red are those more often used in the “Then What?” presentation. Those referenced in green are those more often used in the “Teachies are from Venus, Techies are from Mars” presentation. However, presentations are always in a state of evolution, and any resource may appear in any presentation. Every effort has been made to identify sources, obtain permission, provide compensation when required, and respect copyright. You are free to use the content in this presentation for non- commercial, in-house, informal purposes. Please include this “works cited” section if you do. Feel free to contact me. Works cited

Diagrams, books cited Bloom, Benjamin, and David Krathwohl. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals. New York: Longmans, Green, Breneman, Lucille, and Bren Breneman. Once Upon a Time - A Storytelling Handbook. Chicago: Nelson-Hall, Brown, John Seely, Stephen Denning, Katalina Groh, and Laurence Prusak. Storytelling in Organizations. Oxford: Heinemann, Campbell, Joseph, and Krathwohl. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Princeton: Princeton University Press, Denning, Stephen. The Springboard - How Storytelling Ignites Action in Knowledge-Era Organizations. Oxford: Heinemann, Dillingham, Brett. "Performance Literacy." The Reading Teacher. Sept. 2005: Egan, Kiernan, and. Teaching as Story Telling. Chicago: Chicago Press, Freytag. Die Technik des Dramas (Technique of Drama) Goodman, Steven. Teaching Youth Media. New York: Teacher's College Press, Works cited

Diagrams, books cited, continued… Kay, A. (1996). “Revealing the elephant: The use and misuse of computers in education.”Sequence, 31(4), 1-2. Lambert, Joe. Digital Storytelling Cookbook and Traveling Companion. 3 ed. Berkeley: Digital Diner Press, McKee, John. Story- Substance, Structure, Style and the Principles of Screenwriting. New York: HarperCollins, McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. New York: McGraw-Hill. MomaDay, N. Scott. House Made of Dawn. New York: HarperCollins, Nueroff, Laura Joffe. If You Give a Mouse a Cookie: New York: Laura Geringer, Porter, Bernajean. Digitales: The Art of Telling Digital Stories. Sedalia: Porter Publications, Simmons, Annette. The Story Factor. Cambridge: Perseus Books, Tarantino, Quentin. Pulp Fiction Telford, Kenneth. Aristotle Poetics, Translation and Analysis. Chicago: Regenery, Theodosakis, Nikos. Director in the Classroom. San Diego: Tech4Learning Publishing, Toelken, Barre. "The Icebergs of Folktale: Misconception, Misuse, Abuse." Who Says? Essays on Pivotal Issues in Contemporary Storytelling. Ed. Carol Birch. Little Rock: August House, Works cited, cont.

Resources cited Graphics, photos, from Clipart.com (thru an annual fee): Alarm clock: alarmClock.jpg Angry lady: fear-anger-lady jpg Art the artitst: peck048j.thb.jpg Baby with luminescent computer: babyComputer.jpg Ball and chain: BallAndChain jpg Brainstorming: sy17981.thb.brainstorm.jpg Comedy-tragedy-masks: drama.thb.jpg Committee: committee.jpg Virtual Community: g thb-virtual-community.jpg Computer director: director.jpg Credo: crctr573.thb.oldman.jpg Crowd: crowd.jpg Digital camera (part of media collage in bubble): digital.jpg Dragon on knight’s chest: dragon.jpg Fear cartoon: fear.jpg GarageSale-Stuff: garage.sale5.jpg Guy with idea light bulb: idea.jpg Guy balancing computers: thb-balance.jpg Hammerguy: Microsoft stock clip art Hearts arguing; heartsArguing.jpg Kid in movie theater: theater.jpg Kid painting: kid-painting gif Kid thinking kidThinking.thb.jpg Kid with A+ paper: evaluation.thb.jpg

Resources, cont. Graphics, photos, from Clipart.com (thru an annual fee): Kid with magnifying glass: evaluation2.jpg. Kids behind Edwina: happy.children.jpg. Kim: cyber-chick3.jpg; composite, all elments unknown. Knight: knight.jpg. Looking For: lookingFor.jpg. Man crawling: 00a.thm.man.crawling.gif. Man and son: father.and.son.jpg. Man Hitting computer: hitting.computer.jpg. Mind, Idea, lightbulb: idea.jpg. Mr. Big: weath031.thb.mr.big.jpg. Mr. Big’s lawn chair: lawn.chair.jpg. Ouch: Ouch jpgstairs.jpg. Puppet stage: punchnjudy gif. School bus: schoolBus.jpg. Storyteller to child in bed, g thb. Sunglasses on kid: sunglasses.jpg. Sunglasses: sunglasses.jpg. Sunset (Arizona Magazine): sunset.jpg. Teacher in purple jacket; file name unknown. Theater audience: theaterAudience.jpg. Willamina: wrkwm069.thb.preacher.woman-1.jpg. William on ledge of objectivity: mr.big.ledge.jpg. Woman storyteller: g thb.storytelling.jpg. Yin-yang jpg.

Resources, cont. Graphics, photos, from sources other than Clipart.com: 4Ts lady: source unknown. Brad Pitt photo: int001y.jpg; site unknown. Computer heads, man & woman: source unknown. Cow lips: Crazy man: crazy.jpg; source unknown. Edwina Tech: basic-info-librarians.gif; origin unknown. Fourth R on easel - citation lost. Hannah, with permission from parents. Oil can man: source unknown. Picture of Don King/Howard Dean on stage before a crowd, from Chris Bischoff Savoonga kids (with permission from parents), Sticking tongue out (baby)- source unknown. Then What? cover, by Jeri Smith, 2001.

Resources, cont. Graphics, photos, from other sources other than Clipart.com: Totem Pole picture by Dodge, Jack and Mary. "picture of Mary at totem pole." Travel: Americas: US: Alaska, Kenai Fjords. June jackandmaryetc.com. 07 Apr Wearing computer: Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 86, No. 11, November, 1998 WearComp as a new framework for Intelligent Signal Processing Steve Mann, 1998 (found at efurl= h=150&tbnw=102&hl=en&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwearcomp%26svnum%3D1 0%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26safe%3Doff%26sa%3DG).

Web sources cited Copyright source info from web 1.Harper, Georgia. "Fair Use Guidelines For Educational Multimedia." Multimedia Fair Use Guideline (CCUMU). University of Texas General Counsel Office. 04 Apr "Copyright Basics." Copyright Kids!. Copyright Kids. 04 Apr "Using Modern Language Association (MLA) Format." OWL at Purdue University: Using Modern Language Association (MLA) Format. Online Writing Lab (OWL), Purdue University. 03 Apr Other resources Adams, Kenn. The Story Spine. One source for this is: Christenson, Michael. Adapt-a-Map, story map created of an advertisement for Media Literacy class, Microsoft clipart. Storyboard template: This is version 5 of this presentation. Original file name: dst-V5.ppt. Saved online as dst-master.ppt. Last modified April 22, 2006.