Campaign Planning Process 29 March 2006 Step 7 – Prepare Operations Plan (OPLAN) / Operations Order (OPORD) & Assess UNCLASSIFIED

2 Learning Objectives This module will cover Step 7 of the Campaign Planning Process. Aim of Step: –Synthesize the planning information produced to date & prepare an OPLAN to be submitted for approval. –Once approved by the Lead Nation National Authorities, an OPORD is developed & issued to the components for the first period of multinational activity for the crisis response situation. Starting Conditions: –Lead Nation National Authorities, thru the Supported Strategic Commander, have provided their guidance based upon the CCTF Commander’s Estimate.

UNCLASSIFIED 3 Learning Objectives Basic Process: –OPLAN 1 is submitted through the Supported Strategic Commander to the Lead Nation National Authorities. –OPORD 1 is drafted for issuance to CTF Components. –Execution of the OPORD is assessed & additional SEs are prioritized for follow-on operations (as contained in subsequent OPLANs & OPORDs).

UNCLASSIFIED 4 Learning Objectives Ending Conditions: –An integrated OPLAN & OPORD cycle within the CTF HQ & command is established. –Planning responsibilities are clearly identified & adhered to. End Product of the Step: –OPLAN 1 –OPORD 1 –Any Contingency Plans required for possible branches & sequels.

UNCLASSIFIED 5 Preliminary Notes OPLANs: –Outline DPs (conditions) & prioritized SEs. –Within a Concept of Operations (CONOPS). –With supporting component missions & objectives. OPORDs: –Derived from OPLANS with specific tasks. –With supporting component mission and objectives. –“ready to execute plan”. Contingency Plans: –OPORD (task-oriented) format for rapid execution (e.g., branches & sequels) for the current Campaign Schematic (Lines of Operations & DPs). –Written in OPLAN format (conditions) for contingencies not requiring rapid execution (“be prepared to” missions). Fragmentary Orders (FRAGOs): –FRAGOs refine & adjust current operations to address evolving situations after an OPORD has been issued. –FRAGOs are time sensitive & normally limited in scope.

UNCLASSIFIED 6 Step 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD Preliminary Action CTF planning responsibilities of the key planning organizations are reinforced & executed within an organized & managed planning process. The key organizations are: – C5 PLANS: Plans (conditions oriented) – C3 FOPS: Future Operations (task oriented) – C3 COPS: Current Operations (situational awareness oriented – e.g., “battle tracking”)

UNCLASSIFIED 7 Annex F1 – CTF Planning Process (Foundation #1 - Organization) A.Purpose: Summarize foundation #1(Organization) of the CTF planning process.. Note: The planning horizon times are only an example; can be varied based upon the situation & size of the operations. Larger contingencies require larger time frames.

UNCLASSIFIED 8 Step 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD Main Actions The CTF C5 PLANS prepares the OPLAN 1 for review & approval by the CCTF. –Potential branches & sequels are identified that may require contingency plans. –The CPG ensures relevant components are appropriately resourced to execute the suggested activity & coordination measures are identified. CTF C3 staff has the lead regarding production of the OPORD in coordination with the CTF Component Commanders who have identified the “tasks”.

UNCLASSIFIED 9 Step 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD Main Actions Should time permit, or complexity demand, the product can be validated though a ‘rock drill’. –The ‘rock-drill’ assists in identifying risks, necessary decision points, & confirms understanding of respective responsibilities. –This rock drill, supported by the Red Team, addresses probable tactical activity for final refinement of OPORD details.

UNCLASSIFIED 10 Step 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD Main Actions The completed OPLAN is submitted to the respective Lead Nation Supported Strategic Commander & National Authorities for approval. –Some work may be required before approval is granted & staffs must be ready to answer any concerns / issues national governments may have. –Ongoing parallel planning efforts with the strategic levels will prevent the majority of issues that might arise between the operational & strategic levels. –Additionally, integration of the NCE into the CTF planning process will underscored the ownership of the OPLAN by the participating nations within the CTF effort.

UNCLASSIFIED 11 Step 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD Main Actions C5 PLANS conducts a hand-off brief to the C3 FOPS C3 FOPS prepares the OPORD 1 for approval by the CCTF & issuance to the CTF Components. –OPORD 1 is developed in coordination with the CTF Components Subsequent instruction, if necessary, is issued as a FRAGO, provided the components’ mission statements have not changed. –If there is a mission change, this would require a new OPORD.

UNCLASSIFIED 12 Step 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD Main Actions Follow-On Action after OPORD 1: Coalition / Combined Effects Management Team (CEM Team) assesses the execution of the OPORD & prioritizes additional SEs follow on operations (& OPLANS / OPORDs). –This initiates the process by which the Campaign Plan moves further toward the Operational End State. –The process of identifying the next set of tactical tasks begins again for the NEW prioritized SEs. The process repeats itself as OPLAN 2 moves into OPORD 2.

UNCLASSIFIED 13 Step 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD Main Actions The CPG must have close coordination with Components & other key CTF elements: –Multinational Coordination Center (MNCC). –Civil Military Operations Center (CMOC). –Coalition / Combined Logistics Coordination Center (CLCC). –CTF Multinational Media Pools. –Special Access Planning cells (Deception, Special Ops, etc.) to build an integrated & coordinated multinational plan.

UNCLASSIFIED 14 Campaign Planning Process Products Planning Document 1 - Warning Order 1 Planning Document 2 - Situation Review Summary (Operational Intelligence Preparation of the Environment-OIPE) Planning Document 3 - Mission Analysis Template Planning Document 4 - Warning Order 2 Planning Document 5 - Campaign Plan Planning Document 6 - Warning Order 3 Planning Document 7 – Commander’s Estimate Planning Document 8 - OPLAN Planning Document 9 - OPORD

CTF Components CTF Staff Command Group 30%50%20% Steps 1 to 3 Steps 4 & 5 Steps 6 & 7 1 – Commander’s Scoping 2 – Situation Review 3A – Mission Analysis 3B – S-COG Analysis 3C – Factor Analysis 5 – Linking Planning to Execution 6 – Commander’s Estimate 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD 4A – Develop the Campaign Framework 4D – Produce Campaign Plan Directive (C5) & FID (Staff) 4C – Decisive Point (DP) Evaluation CTF Component Analysis 4E – Determine Prioritized Supporting Effects (SEs) 4B – Decisive Point (DP) Analysis & Supporting Effect (SE) Development WARNO 1OIPEMsn AnalysisWARNO 2Campaign PlanWARNO 3CDR’s EstimateOPORD 1OPLAN 1 Strategic Military Direction (HHQ Warning Order to JTF / CTF)

UNCLASSIFIED 16 Summary The Campaign Plan outlines the overall WHAT for the CTF command (in coordination with major actors / stakeholders). OPLANS & OPORDS provide the HOW. Together they provide an integrated & coordinated approach for effective mission success for multinational crisis response operations. OPLANS & OPORDS must have ownership by all participating nations in the CTF effort.

UNCLASSIFIED 17 Summary And one last point overall ……..

UNCLASSIFIED 18 MPAT “Words to Live By” Be patient - don’t try to solve the problem from the initial stages of the crisis. Trust & know the planning process. Start out with the big picture & understand the foundations of the crisis before attempting to solve the problem. What do I know? Who else needs to know? Find out WHAT needs to be done before concentrating on HOW to do it. “Sometimes, in order to go fast, it is better to go slow at first.” - BGen Tan Huck Gim Singapore Armed Forces

UNCLASSIFIED 19 Quiz

Discussion UNCLASSIFIED

21 Backup Slides Enhancing Multinational Operations

UNCLASSIFIED 22 Step 7 – Prepare OPLAN / OPORD Organizational Level Planning Responsibilities