Topic 5 Acids in Action

Topic 5.1 Acids in Action What does the pH scale measure? What pH numbers refer to acids? What pH numbers refer to alkalis? What is the pH number for a neutral solution?

Topic 5.1 Acids in Action What colour does the pH paper turn with a strong acid? What colour does the pH paper turn with a weak acid? What colour does the pH paper turn with a strong alkali? What colour does the pH paper turn with a neutral solution?

Topic 5.1 Acids in Action What happens to the pH number when an acid is diluted? What happens to the pH when an alkali is diluted? What pH is the limit for dilution of either an acid or alkali?

Topic 5.1 Acids in Action What are …. three common acids found in the household? three common alkalis found in the household? three common neutral solutions found in the household?

Topic 5.1 Ext Acids in Action What is the formula for ... hydrochloric acid? nitric acid? sulphuric acid phosphoric acid? carbonic acid? LEARN THESE FORMULAE………….

Topic 5.1 Ext Acids in Action Can acids conduct electricity? What kind of bonding do acids have? What ion is common to all acids? Is this ion positive or negative? What ions are present in hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid?

Topic 5.1 Ext Acids in Action Acids have a higher concentration of which ion? Alkalis have a higher concentration of which ion? Diluting an acid reduces the number of which ions?

Topic 5.2 Acids in Action How is an acid made? How is an alkali made? What condition/property is needed to make an alkali? What type of oxides do not form alkalis? What pH do these oxides give? What ion is common to all alkalis?

Topic 5.2 Acids in Action What is the formula for ... sodium hydroxide? calcium hydroxide? potassium hydroxide LEARN THESE FORMULAE………….

Topic 5.2 Acids in Action What substance, present in fuels contributes to acid rain? What is the gas produced called that causes acid rain? What does acid rain do to the environment?

Topic 5.2 Ext Acids in Action What is the name of the process that can split up an acid back into its elements? What element forms at the negative electrode? What happens at the negative electrode to produce this element from its ion? What is this reaction called? + -

Topic 5.2 Ext Acids in Action What is a d.c current and why is it used in electrolysis? When hydrochloric acid is electrolysed, what forms at the positive electrode? What happens at the positive electrode to produce this element? What is this reaction called?

Topic 5.2 Ext Acids in Action When sulphuric acid is electrolysed, what forms at the positive electrode? What forms at the negative electrode? What is this overall reaction called?

Topic 5.3 Acids in Action Which metals can react with an acid? Where in the reactivity series (Data book pg 7) would you find these metals? When a metal reacts with an acid what are the products? Write out this general equation and LEARN.

Topic 5.3 Acids in Action How could it be proved that hydrogen gas is given off? How could the rate of these reactions be increased? Why does sulphuric acid react faster than hydrochloric and nitric acid? (CLUE – THINK OF THE FORMULA)

Topic 5.3 Acids in Action What type of metal salt is formed when… hydrochloric acid is used? sulphuric acid is used? nitric acid is used?

Topic 5.3 Ext Acids in Action Copy and complete the following and write balanced formulae equations… Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid Iron + Nitric acid 3. Zinc+ Sulphuric acid

Topic 5.3 Ext Acids in Action Answers Magnesium + Hydrochloric Magnesium + Hydrogen acid chloride Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2 Iron + Nitric acid Iron nitrate + hydrogen Fe + 2HNO3 Fe(NO3) 2 + H2 3. Zinc+ Sulphuric acid Zinc sulphate + Hydrogen Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2

Topic 5.4 Acids in Action What is the name of the reaction when an acid is cancelled by a another substance? What is a base? Name three types of base? (THINK OF THE REACTIONS YOU HAVE SEEN FROM 5.4)

Topic 5.4 Acids in Action What are the products formed when a metal oxide reacts with an acid? What are the products formed when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid? Write out these general word equations and LEARN THEM.

Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action What gas is produced when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid? Why is an excess of metal carbonate added to the acid? Residue Filtrate

Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action How do you know when the acid has been completely neutralised? What will the filtrate contain? What compound is found in the residue? Residue Filtrate

Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action What are the products formed when copper carbonate reacts with sulphuric acid? Write the word and balanced formula equation for this reaction… Copper + Sulphuric carbonate acid

Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action ANSWER Copper + Sulphuric Copper + Water + Carbon carbonate acid sulphate dioxide CuCO3 + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H20 + CO2

Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action What are the products formed when copper oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid? Write the word and balanced formula equation for this reaction… Copper + Hydrochloric oxide acid

Topic 5.4 Ext Acids in Action ANSWERS Copper + Hydrochloric Copper + Water oxide acid chloride CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 + H20

Topic 5.5 Acids in Action What is the name of the reaction when an acid is cancelled by a another substance? What is a base? Name three types of base? (THINK OF THE REACTIONS YOU HAVE SEEN FROM 5.4)

Topic 5.5 Acids in Action Why is a pipette used instead of a measuring cylinder? What advantage does a burette have over a pipette?

Topic 5.5 Acids in Action What is the name of the technique in which a burette and pipette are used to neutralise an acid? Why is an indicator used? What is the curve in the acid or alkali called? Where should this curve be when filling a pipette accurately? What is meant by concordant results?

Topic 5.6 Acids in Action What is the name of the reaction in which two solutions react to form an insoluble salt? How can the insoluble product be separated from the mixture? Where is information on insoluble salts found? What is meant by spectator ions?

Topic 5.7 Acids in Action What is the formula mass and how is it obtained? What is the gram formula mass equal to? What is concentration? What are the units used? TRY CHECKTEST 5.7 OR THE CHEMICAL CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE.

Topic 5.8 Acids in Action What is the equation that relates moles and mass? What is the equation that relates volume, concentration and moles? TRY CHECKTEST 5.8 OR THE CHEMICAL CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE

Topic 5.9 Acids in Action What is the equation used in titrations? TRY CHECKTEST 5.9 OR THE CHEMICAL CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE