The Constitutional Convention. I. Articles of Confederation A. Americas 1st constitution B. Adopted during the Revolutionary War (1777) C. States had.

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The Constitutional Convention

I. Articles of Confederation A. Americas 1st constitution B. Adopted during the Revolutionary War (1777) C. States had far more power than the federal (national) government 1. Congress could not: a. Tax b. Regulate trade 2. No national court system

II. Shays Rebellion A. Rebellion of farmers in rural Massachusetts (1786) B. Led by Daniel Shays C. Demonstrated the failure of the Articles of Confederation

III. James Madison A. Virginian B. Author of the Virginia Plan C. Considered theFather of the Constitution D. Wrote the Bill of Rights

IV. George Washington A. President of the Constitutional Convention

V. Slave Trade Compromise A. Designed to get southern states to agree to the Constitution B. The slave trade would be allowed to continue until 1808 C. Congress could begin to limit it in 1808

VI. Great Compromise A. Proposed by Roger Sherman of Connecticut B. Designed to get small states to agree to the Constitution C. Representation in the House of Representatives: 1. Proportional (determined by population) D. Representation in the Senate: 1. 2 per state

VII. Three-fifths Compromise A. Designed to get southern states to agree to the Constitution B. Each slave counted as 3/5 of a free person for both taxation and representation

VIII. Constitution A. The U.S.s formal plan of government B. Based on Madisons Virginia Plan C. Created a strong national government and a national court system D. Signed in Philadelphia on September 17, 1787 E. The 13th state (Rhode Island) ratified it in 1790

IX. Federalists A. People who supported the ratification (approval) of the Constitution B. Wanted a strong national government Alexander Hamilton James Madison

X. Anti-Federalists A. People who opposed the ratification of the Constitution 1. Two main reasons: a. Some wanted stronger local government b. Some wanted a declaration of rights Patrick Henry George Mason

XI. Federalist Papers A. Essays that supported: 1. A strong national government 2. The ratification of the Constitution B. Written by: 1. James Madison 2. Alexander Hamilton 3. John Jay

XII. Bill of Rights A. Some states refused to ratify the Constitution until they were promised that a bill of rights would be added B. The first ten amendments to the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights C. Written by James Madison in 1789 D. Added to the Constitution in 1791 George Mason