Nervous System Unit 2: Cells, Tissues & Organ Systems.

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Presentation transcript:

Nervous System Unit 2: Cells, Tissues & Organ Systems

Overview  The human brain contains about 100 billion nerve cells or neurons  Each neuron may communicate with thousands of other neurons  All animals except sponges have a nervous system  What distinguishes nervous systems of different animal groups is how neurons are organized into circuits.

The Nervous System  The central nervous system (CNS) consists of a brain and spinal cord  The peripheral nervous system (PNS) contains all the nerves to relay information from the environment to the brain.  It also controls involuntary body responses such as digestion and breathing.

Nerve Tissue  Nerve tissue is made up of cells called neurons.  100 billion in the human brain  Conduct electrical signals (nerve impulses) from one area to another.  Insulated by myelin

Information Processing  Nervous systems process information in three stages:  Sensory input  Integration  Motor output

Sensory Receptors  Special cells or tissues that receive input from the external environment and send signals along the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system.  Eyes, ears, mouth, muscles and skin have sensory receptors  Information goes to different parts of the brain.

LE 48-3 Sensor Sensory input Motor output Integration Effector Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Central nervous system (CNS)

Different parts of the brain receive information from various senses Cerebellum Brainstem Cerebrum

Reflexes  Reflexes are actions that do not need involvement of the brain. That is the brain is not involved in the decision to move.  Examples  Knee jerk  Moving hand away from a hot stove

Diseases of the Nervous System  Multiple sclerosis  Huntington’s  Concussion  Epilepsy  Stroke  Parkinson’s

Videos and Additional Information to Checkout for Homework!!  NgGKSNiNw&feature=related NgGKSNiNw&feature=related  ture=related (nervous system - 51 sec) ture=related  (on reflexes) (19 sec)  &cat_id=20607 (animation - ~ 3 min) &cat_id=20607  (concussions – 20 sec)  (teenage with a concussion – 3 min)