PHYSICS PROJECT Sir Isaac Newton (1642 - 1727)

Childhood Birth PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS At the Christmas Day of 1642, Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, England. Here is Lincolnshire Isaac Newton

Childhood Childhood Unhappy Childhood PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Unfortunately, Newton’s father was dead three months before Newton was born. When Newton was three, his mother remarried with a rector. Newton was then kept by his grandmother. Woolsthorpe, the village Newton lived in Isaac Newton

Childhood Childhood Going to school PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS In the year 1655, Newton started studying in King's School in Grantham. Like the other famous scientists, Newton’s result at school was not good. The old King’s School in Grantham Isaac Newton

Childhood Childhood Studying or farming? PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS When Newton was sixteen, he was asked to be a farmer by his mother. Luckily, with the support of his uncle and the school principal, Newton could continue his study. In the year 1661, Newton got into Trinity College, Cambridge as a fellow. Trinity College, Cambridge Isaac Newton

Story of Apple Tree Great Plague in 1665 PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS In 1665, London was badly affected by the Great Plague. So Newton was forced to return home. During this period, he tried to solve some difficult problems. One of them is about gravity. A picture showing the Great Plague in 1665 Isaac Newton

Story of Apple Tree Story of Apple Tree The fallen apple PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS The fallen apple In one afternoon, Newton was sitting under a apple tree near his house, thinking about the problem of gravity. Suddenly, an apple fell down from the tree. He thought: Why did the apple fall down to the Earth, but not fly away to the outer space? Isaac Newton

Story of Apple Tree Story of Apple Tree The fallen apple PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS The fallen apple Then Newton discovered the law of gravitation. It is his first discovery in force. The apple was attracted by the gravity of the Earth! Why did the apple fall down to the Earth, but not fly away to the outer space? Isaac Newton

Important Achievement PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Introduction Isaac Newton is a great physicist. His discovery greatly affects our scientific development, especially in optics and force. However, we will only focus on the discovery in force. Newton’s discovery in optics: dispersion by a prism Isaac Newton

Important Achievement Important Achievement PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Law of gravity Everything has its gravity Gravity is affected by: Mass Distance Gravitation force Since the Moon is smaller than the Earth, its gravity is also smaller than the Earth’s Isaac Newton

Important Achievement Important Achievement PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Newton’s first law of motion (Law of Inertia) If no force acts on a body, it will: stay rest, or continue to move at steady speed in a straight line A satellite can move around the Earth because of the law of inertia. Isaac Newton

Important Achievement Important Achievement PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Newton’s second law of motion Acceleration (increase on speed) of a body is: directly proportional to the force acted inversely proportional to the mass The heavier you kick, the faster the ball moves Isaac Newton

Important Achievement Important Achievement PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Newton’s third law of motion (Law of action and reaction) When object A exerts a force on object B, object B will also exert a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on object A. Rocket makes use of action and reaction rise itself Isaac Newton

Declining years Events in the declining years PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Events in the declining years Newton did not stop working in his declining years. In 1703, Newton became the chairman of the Royal Society. In 1704, he published the book “Opticks”. The book “Opticks”, talking about study of light Isaac Newton

Declining years Declining years Events in the declining years PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Events in the declining years In 1705, Newton was knighted by Queens Anne. He was the first scientist who is knighted. In 1710, Newton became the chairman of Greenwich Astronomical Observatory. Greenwich Astronomical Observatory Isaac Newton

Declining years Declining years Death PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS In Newton’s declining years, he suffered from diabetes, chololithiasis and pneumonia. 20/3/1727, Sir Isaac Newton passed away, at the age of 84. Simon Church in London, where Newton was buried Isaac Newton

Group Members Ho Ka Ho Lee Hon Ping Li Chun Kit Ma Wai Chi 3A14 3A22 PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS PHYSICS PROJECT -- PHYSICISTS Ho Ka Ho Lee Hon Ping Li Chun Kit Ma Wai Chi 3A14 3A22 3A28 3A29 Isaac Newton