AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Chapter 1 Future developments

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 This topic is about Emerging technologies (recent developments) Likely future uses of ICT The impact on society The impact on organisations The impact on individuals Issues surrounding rapid development of ICT (e.g. social, cultural, environmental, economic etc.)

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Exam questions Questions are likely to be fairly general You will choose examples But will probably have a theme, for example mobile computing potential future uses of ICT likely effects of future developments in ICT on the environment, society and how people do their jobs impact of escalating computer power impact of developments in ICT on organisations over last 20 years

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Examples of recent developments Specified in the syllabus Devices for remote and mobile working You need to have other examples at your fingertips Both business and leisure applications Benefits

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Devices for remote and mobile working Examples PDAs GPS Smartphone (defined on book page 1) Mobile dongle Ultra mobile PCs Digital readers (eReaders) iPhone (released in 2007 – now thousands of apps) Case study 1 (on book page 2)

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Some other examples Medical (such as ocular biometry) Online publishing Hands-free control systems Photography Music, media and downloading Virtual meetings Add your own

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Photography Rapid move to digital since the late 1990s Early digital cameras – b lurry, small images Now, large, sharp images Present on most smartphones Digital video cameras Online services – Case studies 4 and 5 (on book page 7)

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Developments in music technology Gramophone – played 78 rpm records Record players – played 33 rpm LPs in stereo Audio tapes – reel to reel, cassettes (more compact, e.g. Sony Walkman) CDs MP3 Downloading, local storage Streaming

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Online gambling In 2008, 10% of adults participated in remote gambling Up from 2006, mainly because National Lottery available online Ethical issues – not allowed in USA

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 eGovernment Online public services, for example Filing tax returns Saves £10 for each tax return Offers later filing date Paying Council tax Renewing and reserving library book Vehicle licensing Save 93p for each licence Online voting and e-counting have been suggested for elections (see book page 12).

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Social issues at work IT professionals often work from home and get out of touch with colleagues Never away from work – stress Increase in outsourcing and offshoring (see book chapter 15) Many jobs require IT skills Companies have ICT departments Legal requirements

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Social issues for leisure users Benefits, for example Easier booking of concerts Cheaper flights, hotels etc. Easier contact with relatives and friends overseas Drawbacks, for example Social networking, chat rooms used instead of fact-to-face interaction Children play on computers instead of outside Gaming for long periods may affect health – eyesight, RSI etc.

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Impact on society Digital divide (covered at AS level) Online sales versus high-street shops “Big Brother” state, for example Joined-up systems – health, finance, education, criminal, car, Internet usage etc. Where are you? – GPS in car for road use pricing, mobile phone, CCTV

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Ethical and moral issues Privacy – loss of privacy Employment patterns – loss of jobs Digital divide – greater divide between “information rich” and “information poor” Property Rights – threat to intellectual property rights (e.g. downloading video and music) ISP stores your browsing and history Phorm’s technology targets adverts based on the surfing activity of the user

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Economic issues Costs New technology Training ICT professionals Benefits, for example Paperless billing and banking Offshoring (see Book chapter 15) – call centres

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Environmental issues Problems, for example Disposal of old equipment (WEEE directive) Power requirements (nearly as much as aviation?) Mobile phone masts Benefits, for example Less paper Less travel Intelligent heating systems

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Technical issues for workers More ICT skills needed in workforce Constant updating of ICT skills Business managers must keep up to date with developments Retraining needed for those returning to employment

AQA ICT for A2 © Hodder Education 2011 Other technical issues Broadband availability Broadband speed Government promise that all homes in the UK will have speeds of at least 2 Mbps by 2012