UNITED NATIONS ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC STATISTICS DIVISION CO-OPERATION & DEVELOPMENT UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT STATISTICAL OFFICE OF THE PROGRAMME EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC UNITED NATIOS FOOF & COMMISSION FOR EUROPE AGRICULTURE ORGANISATION Intersecretariat Working Group on Environment Statistics Work Session on Water Statistics (Vienna, June 2005) Chile. Water Statistics Essential topics, problems and solutions Work Session on Water Statistics (Vienna, June 2005) Dharmo Rojas D.

Are of long dates, except those in which the new requests and the natural technical evolution they have permitted to generate new information, as for example, water processing served and liquid industrial residues. This information is generated in diverse agencies of the State. In this succinct report, a general indication of the theme is done, that in no case is exhaustive. Drinking Water Private enterprises are the responsible for their production, processing, distribution, measurement of the bacteriological, chemical, and physical quality. The Control All the procedure is controlled for the Superintendence of Sanitary Services (SISS). Rivers, reservoirs and dams General Direction of Water. Irrigation channels. Direction irrigation. Lakes and coastal edge. Direction of the Maritime Territory and Merchant Marine. THE STATISTIC

The National Institute of Statistics (INE), is the agency responsible for the official statistics of the country. Recompile and prepares this information for the purpose of diffusing it officially. Dissemination through its publication specialized Yearbook of Statistics of the Environment. The last version of the yearbook corresponds al period 1999 – The first version dates from 1986 and covers the period 1981 – THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS

Urban drinking water Superficial & Subterranean collecting Supply, production, consumption Quality of the drinking water Discharges (Emissions) Treatment of waters Rural drinking water Courses of water Reservoirs and dams Lakes and lagoons Coastal edge Uses of the water Hidrography & networks measurement, reports, consultations answered, documents entered, basic studies and technical documents ESSENTIAL TOPICS OF THE STATISTICAL INFORMATION

Urban drinking water Production and consume c Production (superficial and subterranean collecting) Consume (Turnover) Population attended with drinking water and sewer system Covers of drinking water and sewer system. Quality of the water Quality of drinking water: percentage of fulfillment of the bacteriological quality, disinfections, chemical and physical parameters. Discharges They served water discharges volume to the superficial courses Served water discharges volume to sewer systems Volume of liquid industrial residues discharged by the sanitary companies and industries by region Total volume of residual water generated Number of industries and the types of associated discharges (sewer system, superficial courses, infiltration, irrigation) Treatment Number and domestic residual water processing plants capacity (water served) by region Covers of served water treatment PLAN OF THE MAIN VARIABLES MEASURES

PLAN OF THE MAIN VARIABLES MEASURES (Cont.) Rural drinking water Supply Quality of the rural drinking water Courses of water Discharges of water served Discharges of liquid industrial residues Measurement of the quality of the water Reservoirs and dams Monthly volume stored Lakes and lagoons Measurement of the quality of the water in some lakes Coastal edge Measurement of the quality of water in the main bays

Uses of the water Uses destined to drinking water, industry, mining industry and irrigation Number of users (last land registry 1994) Availability of water per capita by regions Quantity of inlets by hydrographic basin Quantity of channels Surface Watered Hydrography Statistical of flows Networks of measurement Measurement stations quantity hidrometeorological Quantity of hydrologic satellite stations in real time Statistical and consultations Quantity of technical reports developed by the General Direction of Water (DGA), Quantity of: requests, consultations answered, documents entered, basic studies and technical documents developed by the DGA. PLAN OF THE MAIN VARIABLES MEASURES (Cont.)

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS, GENERATION AND COLLECTION OF DATA The information is generated in diverse agencies of the State, in the case of the drinking water, private enterprises are the responsible for their production, processing and distribution. The agencies involved in the different aspects of the water they are consulted periodically by the INE for the purpose of developing the Yearbook of Environmental Statistics. and also for give response to national and international consultation on environmental statistics.

DGASISSDIR. RIEGODIRECTEMAR PRIVATE ENTERPRISES GENERATION OF INFORMATION DRINKING WATER LAKES and COASTAL EDGE RIVERS, RESERVOIRS, DAMS, CHANNELS COLLECTION OF INFORMATION INE

PROBLEMS FACED WHEN COMPLETING THE QUESTIONNAIRES As problems of easily surmountable: The dispersion of the sources of information, the diverse methodologies of generation of the data, as also the analysis and evaluation of the same, the different units of measures, the different periodicities of harvesting and different geographical covers. A problem of greater importance: To know the processing of the national information, in some cases, according to the national norms and in other, according to the international norms. The specific problems arise of the diversity of variables consulted, the breakdown of the information, that in some cases, is not coincident with the national breakdown. Also problems due to the differences between the definitions of the questionnaire arise and those utilized in the country.

In the administrative aspect The lack of personnel, (is that of greater weight), the time that demands the elaboration of the answers for the questionnaire, as also the not opportune reception of the data. An underlying problem, but not less important The lack of statistical culture, especially referred al care of the information, its quality control and opportunity on the part of the generators of information. PROBLEMS FACED WHEN COMPLETING THE QUESTIONNAIRES

SPECIFIC PROBLEMS FROM VARIABLES OF QUESTIONNAIRES PNUD (1) Wastewater Generation Partial data or do not exist on: Mines and quarries Production and distribution of electricity Construction Other economic activities Discharges and Pollution of effluents The points of discharges are known They lack data of the total volume of residual water generated Pollution. Measures only in main bodies of water. They lack points of sampling.

Wastewater treatment The information refers to a preliminary processing and to secondary and primary processing but itself is not found itemized on: Degrees Processing Biological Of tip Processing Treated water in other plants of processing Treatment capacities The processing plants number is known well, the design of capacity, volume and discharged treatment water to the courses of water too. SPECIFIC PROBLEMS FROM VARIABLES OF QUESTIONNAIRES PNUD (2)

Muds The data they dont specify the volume of resultant matters of the preliminary processing (to remove sands and greases) of the resultant volume muds of the secondary and primary processing. Population connected to independent services of water processing. Without information SPECIFIC PROBLEMS FROM VARIABLES OF QUESTIONNAIRES PNUD (3)

SOLUTIONS Harmonization of the Environmental Statistics A solution undertaken by the INE is this project. That would permit to require greater quality to the information. To improve the opportunity in the delivery. To make hierarchical the data according to the objectives. Spread toward the international comparability of the figures. The development of this project implies to maintain narrower relations of work with the specialists of each agency, what is very useful for the solution of consultations, commitments in the delivery of data, to improve the quality of the information and to promote in transit, the statistical culture. The Institutes of Statistics must give more support to the Units of Environment responsible of the reply to the questionnaires of the international agencies.

HARMONIZATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS. Project INE The purpose is to management the information in order to give account the national and international requests by means of a platform of data that permit the International comparability of the figures, particularly with the OCDE and EUROSTAT, applying also the attributes of quality to the information, originating from administrative registrations. Start was given al project with the application of a slip technical-methodological to the agencies for the purpose of having metadata and methodologies of obtaining of the registrations, besides permits to generate a board of directors of specialists. The project is framed in the System of Environmental Statistics to utilize its instruments and main tools.

THE SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS (SES ) It is conducive to the elaboration of information and warning that satisfy the own needs of the country with opportune, necessary information and of whose quality data be, in the measure of the possible thing, comparable to international scale. It is a matter of establishing a basic platform of essential statistical processing to have opportune, transparent, and dependable data, of systematic registration, periodic diffusion with solid statistical validity.

THE SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS (SES ) The System of Environmental Statistics (SES) is inserted in the framework of the National Statistical System. Is conceived (SES) as a central column of integration of the statistics of the agencies and businesses of the State that have tuition on these matters being the INE the Coordinating entity in the collection and presentation of the statistical matters. The INE, give official character through publications specialized and/or for the purpose of utilizing it for the construction of indicators on the matter. The INE besides, coordinates, through the SES, Committee of Environmental Statistics, that includes representatives of agencies of the State involved in environmental topics for the purpose of obtaining and to systematize the information that is processed and tabulated for its official diffusion.

Management of environmental information capturing data of different origins, processing and diffusing the series opportunely and with quality. To obtain information of comparable, systematic registration, of quality and opportune. To Generate in the measure of the possible thing, new information through surveys (as was the First Survey of Environmental Management in the Industry applied in 2001). To Devise environmental indicators. To prepare a Board of Directors of Institutions and National Experts on the matter. THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE SYSTEM

THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE SYSTEM (Cont.) To have you put on File Techniques referred to the metadata and besides to the methodologies of obtaining of the information. To respond to the request of international agencies. To diffuse in the middle adequate official data, Yearbooks, Bulletins, compact disks and Internet

The National Plan of Statistical Collection (NPSC ) The Annual Operating Program (AOP) Interinstitution al Committee of Environmental Statistics The Instruments of the System

The INE has worked jointly with the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) in the structure of the information requested and the proposed technical slip to the countries of the region to have a platform of comparable data. Previously, , it worked jointly with CEPAL and INEGI of Mexico, to show to the countries the detail of the System of Environmental Statistics. With the National Commission of the Environment (CONAMA), has itself determined to take up again the contribution among both institutions for the purpose of organizing the levels of management and operability, coordinating with the agencies of the State through the Committee of Environmental Statistics. PROJECTIONS