British Imperialism in India and China

Review Imperialism Why did countries imperialize? Economic Political & military Humanitarian Religious Why were some countries able to imperialize? 3 types of imperialism

British Imperialism in India Britain imperialized India The Indians were not well organized b/c of their many different languages and religions. The British East India Company A trading company, controlled most of India Its main goal was to make large profits! The British tried to impose their laws on India and to change many old customs Will lead to rebellion

The Sepoy Mutiny The Sepoy Mutiny  a revolt by Indian soldiers (known as Sepoys), against the British Causes for the rebellion… Indian troops were forced to fight for the British all over the world The British made changes in Hindu law (changes in religion, burial, etc) Rumor that the British were issuing Indian troops new bullets greased w/ cow and pig fat Cow sacred to Hindu, pig taboo to Muslims Rebellion was not successful!

British Imperialism in China China was a major source of goods for the British The British were importing tea, silk and spices The British were losing money to China b/c they were importing (buying) more Chinese goods than they were exporting (selling) to China This makes them mad! The British tried to negotiate to improve the trade balance, but it did not work so… The British began an opium trade in China Opium – a highly addictive drug

The Opium Trade Britain made tons of money by trading opium grown in India, for tea grown in China Many Chinese became addicted to the powerful drug Triangular trade – Britain, India, and China Opium was outlawed by the Chinese govt. Chinese asked the British to stop the drug trade The British refused  British are drug dealers!!! Chinese govt. blocks British trade This led to the Opium war

The Opium War ( ) Chinese are no match for the British British ships destroyed coastal and river forts Chinese had to make peace Treaty of Nanjing – ends Opium War Chinese agreed to… Open more ports to British trade Limit taxes on British goods Pay for the costs of the war Give Britain the island of Hong Kong

Tai Ping Rebellion Peasant revolt led by a Christian convert Hong saw himself as a younger brother to Jesus B/l he was on a mission from God to reform China Tai Ping Rebellion appealed to many b/c… It called for social reforms Giving land to peasants, treating women as equals, give up private possessions The rebellion was a failure

Boxer Rebellion The “Boxers” were upset by the foreign takeover of China They especially disliked Christians b/c they threatened Chinese traditions Boxers slaughtered foreign missionaries and Chinese Christian converts This rebellion was a failure

Rebellion Effects The rebellions in China and India all failed They failed b/c China and India were weak b/c they were not industrialized China and India were no match for the industrialized and strong British Ultimately, China and India had to adapt to western ways of life

Japan Opens Relations 1853 – US Commodore Matthew Perry arrives in Japan with 4 US warships Japan had been isolated (no trade or contact w/ outsiders) and had not industrialized Perry stated that the US wanted to help isolated Japan come “into the family of civilized nations” He also came w/ a letter from President Fillmore which requested that they open trade w/ the US A few months later Perry came back for an answer w/ a bigger fleet of US warships Japan had no choice but open relations w/ the US

Japan Industrializes US was putting a sphere of influence on Japan We wanted to trade w/ them and have military bases in their country Good location!!! B/c they were weak and unindustrialized they had to do what we said or we could demolish them! They adapted to western ways quickly and w/i 30 years had b/c industrialized They will now b/g to b/c imperialistic They won imperialistic wars w/ China, Korea, and Russia!