Network Devices

Network Devices

Media on PC Ethernet Modem PC Card (WLAN) DVB

Ethernet - Architecture

Ethernet – IEEE 802.3 10Base5 – Thick wire coaxial 10Base2 – thin wire coaxial / cheaper net 10BaseT – Twisted Pair 10BaseF – Fiber Optics 100BaseT – Fast Ethernet

Ethernet – 10Base5

Ethernet – 10Base2

Ethernet – 10BaseT

NIC Connector type Coaxial Cable Twisted Pair Cable Fiber Optics Bayonet Nut Connector (BNC) Twisted Pair Cable RJ-45 (8 wire) Fiber Optics SMA connectors

Modem Allows modems of different vendors to operate together Define How modems operate: Modulation techniques Data compression technique Error detection strategy

Modem – Analog vs Digital Infinite number of levels Conform to voice pattern Times from highest to lowest and back to the highest point in one second is the frequency Can be transmitted over long distance Digital Only two levels (high and low) Conforms to how computers operate Cannot transmitted over long distance

Modem - Connection

Modem – Internal/External

PC Card – WLAN (802.11) Bypassing last mile

PC Card (WLAN) - 1

PC Card (WLAN) - 2

PC Card (WLAN) – Indoor Antena

DVB – DVB/IP Tech The Digital Video Broadcast over Internet Protocol (DVB/IP) system is functionally an IP-over-Ethernet simplex satellite service that incorporates frame-relay type traffic management. At its core, DVB is a modem-on-a-chip, plus an intelligent multiplexer. The antenna is typically a CATV dish, 2.4 - 3.8 meters in diameter (for C-band), or 0.6 -1.8 meters (for Ku-band).

DVB – DVB/IP Routing

DVB - Adaptability

DVB – DVB Card

Media Wired Wireless Twisted Pair – UTP Coaxial Fiber Microwave Satellite

Twisted Pair Two wired wrapped in a twisted fashion Designed to reduce cross-talk due inductance Still subject to interference from stray signal Primarily used for local loop connections and LANs Comparatively narrow bandwidth

UTP – Unshielded Twisted Pair White/blue Blue Pair 2 White/Orange Orange Pair 3 White/Green Green Pair 4 White/Brown Brown RJ45 Connector

UTP – Straight Cable Wo/O Wg/B Wb/G Wbr/Br

UTP – Cross Cable Wg/G Wo/B Wb/O Wbr/Br

UTP - Category Category Maximum Data Rate Usual Application CAT 1 Less than 1 Mbps Analog voice (POTS),   Integrated Services Digital Network Basic Rate Interface in ISDN Doorbell wiring CAT 2 4 Mbps Mainly used in the IBM Cabling System for token ring networks CAT 3 16 Mbps Voice and data on 10BASE-T Ethernet CAT 4 20 Mbps Used in 16 Mbps Token Ring Otherwise not used much CAT 5 100 Mbps 100 Mbps TPDDI (100BASE-T or Fast Ethernet) 1000 Mbps (4 pair) 155 Mbps ATM Gigabit Ethernet CAT 5E CAT 6 200-250 MHz Super-fast Broadband Applications.

Coaxial Center lead conducts the signal Protected by insulation and braded wire Used mostly for television and connections to antenna Larger Bandwidth but large in size

Fiber Optical Signal transmitted by photos rather than electrons Dramatically higher bandwidth Used mostly for backbone communication connections, very high speed LANs and fast network connections

Microwave – Antenna (1) Omni 2.4GHz 8dBi

Microwave – Antenna (2) Sectoral 14dBi 180deg

Microwave – Antenna (3) Sectoral 17dBi 90deg

Microwave – Antenna (4) Direct (Grid) 2.4 GHz 24dB

Microwave – Power AMP

Satellite - Broadband

Media Comparison

Multiplexer HUB Switch Bridge Router

Hub versus Switch Hub provide connection to all ports (i.e. in one port and out all other ports). Passive hub – no signal regeneration Active hub – provide signal regeneration Switch direct the message from appropriate port (directs a message from the input port to the desired output port). More expensive but better bandwidth utilization

Hub versus Switch

LAN Hub device

Hub

LAN Switch device

Switch

Bridge – Access Point (WLAN)

Router Connecting different segment Have different interfaces (Ethernet, WAN-Serial, Fiber, etc) Table Routing

Router