Chap 9 – Muscles Part II Learning Objectives: 1.List the criteria for naming muscles. 2.Name the common muscle fascicle arrangements. 3.Define lever, load, and fulcrum. Explain how these apply to muscles. 4.Name and identify the major muscles identified in class. Read pgs Learn anterior and posterior muscles (from memory).

PREDICT Can you guess how many muscles there are in the human body?

Tips on Naming Skeletal Muscles, pg 185 _________ of muscle – bone or body region associated with the muscle _______ of muscle – e.g., the deltoid muscle (deltoid = triangle) Relative _____ – e.g., maximus (largest), minimus (smallest), longus (long) Direction of ______ – e.g., rectus (fibers run straight), transversus, and oblique (fibers run at angles to an imaginary defined axis) Number of _______ – e.g., biceps (two origins) and triceps (three origins) Location of ____________ – named according to point of origin or insertion ______ – e.g., flexor or extensor, as in the names of muscles that flex or extend, respectively

Warm-Up Practice: Muscle Arrangements Muscles consist of fascicles which vary in shape and function. Instructions: Study the 7 fascicle arrangements shown on pg 180 – 183. Then, complete question #4 on pg 184. Be prepared to share & discuss. Estimated Time = 8 minutes

Fascicle Arrangements, pgs Parallel – fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle (e.g., sartorius) Fusiform – spindle-shaped muscles (e.g., biceps brachii) Pennate – short fascicles that attach obliquely to a central tendon running the length of the muscle (e.g., rectus femoris) Convergent – fascicles converge from a broad origin to a single tendon insertion (e.g., pectoralis major) Circular – fascicles are arranged in concentric rings (e.g., orbicularis oris) A – Fascicles are endomysium-wrapped bundles of muscle fibers

Lateral Muscles of Scalp, Face & Neck, pg 187 Epicranius: galea aponeurotica Frontal belly Occipital belly temporalis massester sternocleidomastoid trapezius Splenius capitis platysma Corrugator supercilii Orbicularis oculi Levatator labii superioris Zygomaticus minor and major buccinator Label your practice diagram pg 192, question #6 as I discuss each muscle.

Warm-Up Practice, pg Instructions: Matching. Write correct answer in your notes next to this slide. 1.Main muscle of the scalp 2.Muscle that depresses the hyoid bone 3.Muscle that closes lips 4.Muscle that holds food between teeth during chewing 5.Muscle that helps depress mandible 6.Protects eyes from intense light 7.Raises eyebrows 8.Rotates head left and right 9.Elevates, protrudes and retracts the mandible 10. Smiling muscle a) platysma b) Orbicularis oris c) Zygomaticus (major and minor) d) Epicranius e) Frontalis f) Sternohyoid g) Buccinator h) Sternocleidomastoid i) Orbicularis oculi j) masseter

Muscles – Anterior Upper Body, pg 187 & 190 epicranius orbicularis oculi zygomaticus orbicularis oris temporalis masseter sternohyoid sternocleidomastoid platysma trapeziusdeltoid pectoralis major Triceps brachii Biceps brachii brachialis brachioradialis Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior intercostals Rectus abdominus External oblique Internal obliqueTransversus abdominus

Muscles – Anterior Lower Body, pg190 iliopsoas pectineus Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Tensor fasciae latae sartorius Adductor longus gracilis gastrocnemius soleus Fibularis longus Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior

Review 1 2 3

4 5 6

Which 2 muscles are used to flex the elbow?

Muscles – Posterior Upper Body, pg 191 epicranius sternocleidomastoid trapezius deltoid infraspinatus Teres major Rhomboid major Latissimus dorsi Triceps brachii brachialis brachioradialus Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Flexor carpi ulnaris

Muscles – Posterior Lower Body, pg 191 Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus Iliotibial tract Adductor magnus Hamstrings: Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Gastrocnemius soleus Fibularis longus Calcaneal (Achilles tendon)

Review 1 2 3

4 5 6

Study Activity: Reviewing the Superficial Muscles Instructions: Practice labeling the muscles of the human body in your workbook on pgs 193 & 194.