“In science, there is only physics; all the rest is stamp collecting.” -Ernest Rutherford 1.

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Presentation transcript:

“In science, there is only physics; all the rest is stamp collecting.” -Ernest Rutherford 1

Our study of physics begins with the concepts of mechanics: the study of motion. We will first be concerned with kinematics, or how we describe motion. From there we will move on to the causes of motion, or dynamics. Kinematics is the branch concerned with the motions of objects without being concerned with the forces that cause the motion. Dynamics- is concerned with the forces that affect motion. 2

DescribingMotion 3

Motion –o–occurs when something changes position Measuring motion Distance –H–How far something has moved Measured in: meters or kilometers 4

Distance vs. Displacement Distance is how far an object has traveled Displacement is how far from the starting point an object actually moved Displacement does not equal distance traveled. 5

30 km 20 km 15 km 15 km ! His Displacement is only 15 km. 6

SPEED How fast Something Moves is SPEED Speed is the distance an object travels in a certain period of time. 7

What is his rate of speed? Time= 30 min What is his rate of speed? Speed = distance/time 1km per min 1km/min 30 km 8

Graphing Speed Constant Speed 9

CONSTANT SPEED 10

10 m/s 11

SPEEDSPEED What’s Happening Here? 12

13

Velocity In order to completely describe the motion of an object we need to include not only the speed of the object, but also –the direction ! 14

If I told you that the moon man moved 40 km does that tell you where he is? No. You need to know the direction. 15

When describing velocity, you need to state the direction. Ex. 40 km/hr east 16

Sometimes speed changes Changing Speed 17

Acceleration Changing Speed –How fast the speed is changing. Units: m/s 2 –Velocity per sec –m/sec per sec 18

EX: If the acceleration is 10m/s 2 EX: If the acceleration is 10m/s 2 The object is increasing its speed by 10 m/s every sec.!The object is increasing its speed by 10 m/s every sec.! How fast is it going after 5 sec.?How fast is it going after 5 sec.? 19

Changing SpeedAcceleration: Changing Speed Covering more distance every second 20

10 m/s 2 21

Acceleration Can be positive or negative.Can be positive or negative. Neg. Acc. Shows that the object is slowing down.Neg. Acc. Shows that the object is slowing down. ACCELERATION IS IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION FROM THE VELOCITY!ACCELERATION IS IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION FROM THE VELOCITY! 22

Cases of Acceleration 23

Changing Velocity Constant Velocity Which one’s which? 24

What’s Happening Here? 25

Instantaneous Speed 26

A. 7 km/hr B. 70 km/hr C. 300 km/hr D km/hr What is the average speed of a car that travels 350 kilometers in 5 hours? EOCT QUESTION 27

Which graph(s) show(s) constant speed? Which graph(s) show(s) acceleration? another

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