Installing and Using Windows 9x Chapter 4 Installing and Using Windows 9x

You Will Learn… About the Windows 9x architecture How to install Windows 9x and how to install hardware and applications using Windows 9x About tools for using Windows 9x About the Windows 9x boot process About tools to manage and troubleshoot Windows 9x How to troubleshoot Windows 9x A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 9x Architecture Core components Shell – relates to users and applications User component GDI (Graphics Device Interface) Kernel – Interacts with hardware A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 9x is the Bridge from DOS to Windows NT/2000/XP A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 9x Architecture (continued) A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 9x Uses the Virtual Machine Concept Set of resources made available to an application through predefined application programming interface (API) calls Multiple logical machines within one physical machine A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Installing Windows 9x Windows 9x for a New PC More expensive Windows 9x Upgrade requires either Previous version of Windows installed on the PC A CD or floppy disk from an earlier version of Windows A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Preparing for Installation Verify hardware requirements are met Check the HCL for legacy device support Check software compatibility A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Types of Installations Clean install Ignores any settings in currently installed OS Requires reinstallation of hardware and applications Takes longer but results in a fresh start Upgrade install Carries forward hardware, software, user preferences, and other settings Faster, but can carry forward problems A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Installing 9x as an Upgrade Start the PC, load current OS Close all open applications, virus scanners, System Tray icons Insert CD-ROM, enter D:\Setup.exe Follow instructions on the setup screen; install Windows in the same folder as the current OS A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Installation Process from the Setup Screen Typical – All components usually installed Portable – Used for a notebook PC Compact – Smallest possible Custom – Select any group of components A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Once Installation is Complete Verify correct system date and time Install any additional Windows components Download available service packs and patches Test and troubleshoot applications A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Configuring Windows 9x Startup with Msdos.sys Msdos.sys is a text file that contains several parameters affecting how the OS boots Go to an OS command prompt Go to the hard drive root directory Make Msdos.sys available for editing Make a backup copy Use Edit.com to edit the file Save the file and return it to a hidden, read-only system file A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Installing Hardware with Windows 9x A device driver is software written to interface a specific device and OS Found New Hardware Wizard is used to install a device driver for new hardware Install Windows device driver by selecting the hardware device from a list Install your own device driver by using Have Disk… A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Using Device Drivers Supplied by the Device Manufacturer A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Viewing Currently Installed Display Driver A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 98 Update Device Driver Wizard A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Use Device Manager to Uninstall a Device If a new device fails, try uninstalling and reinstalling the device Select the device, then click Remove Reboot and allow Found New Hard-ware Wizard to launch A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Plug and Play Hardware Installation System BIOS must be PnP All hardware devices and expansion cards must be PnP-compliant The OS must be Windows 9x or another OS that supports PnP A 32-bit device driver must be available A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Preparing for Software Installation Check available resources Hard drive Memory CPU and video monitor Protect original software Back up registry and system configuration files A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Installing Software Use Add/Remove Programs icon from Control Panel If CD-ROM drive is set to Autorun, a setup screen may appear as soon as the software CD is inserted Older software may require executing an installation program from the Run dialog box A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Properties Sheet for a DOS Application A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Display Properties Window Background. Select desk-top wallpaper or pattern Screen Saver. Select screen saver and settings Appearance. Color scheme Effects. Icon settings Web. Active Desktop Settings. Colors and display size A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Taskbar Properties Window A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Creating a Shortcut A shortcut on the desktop is an icon that points to a program you can execute, or to a file or folder Double-clicking an icon loads the software A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Other Ways to Create a Shortcut Start Menu Programs tab on Taskbar Properties window Select the file, folder, or program in Explorer or My Computer; select Create Shortcut from the File menu From the File menu in Explorer, click New and then Create Shortcut More… A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Managing Icons A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Managing Icons (continued) A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows Explorer Click Start, Programs, Windows Explorer Right-click My Computer and select Explore from the menu Right-click Start and select Explore from the menu Open My Computer and click the View menu, Explorer bar, Folders A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

My Computer A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Use the Shortcut Menu to Manage Items in Explorer A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Deleting a Folder Right-click folder and select Delete Sends folder and all its contents to Recycle Bin Empty Recycle Bin to free disk space Recycle Bin contents are not deleted until it is emptied A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Properties of a File in Windows File Attributes Read-only Hidden Archive A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Folder Properties From Explorer, click Tools, Folder Options, and the View tab Windows 9x hides known file extensions To display all file extensions, uncheck “Hide file extensions for known file types” A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Device Manager A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Files Used to Customize the Startup Process Autoexec.bat and Config.sys are processed for backwards compatibility with DOS Initialization (.ini) files are read for backwards compatibility with Windows 3.x A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows .ini Files A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 9x Startup Process Io.sys is responsible for only the initial startup process in real mode Vmm32.vxd takes over and works in protected mode Msdos.sys is a text file used to configure the way Windows 9x boots A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Phase 1: BIOS POST and Bootstrap Determines which devices are PnP Enables non-PnP devices PnP devices receive leftover resources Performs POST Saves information for later use by OS Locates boot device MBR program executes bootstrap loader A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Phase 2: The OS is Loaded Himem.sys – access to extended memory Ifshlp.sys – 16-bit access to file system Setver.exe – backwards DOS compatibility Drvspace.bin – provides disk compression A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Phase 3: Static VxDs Virtual Device Driver (VxD) works with virtual machine to provide access to hardware for software running in VM Static VxD remains in memory once loaded Dynamic VxD loaded and unloaded from memory as needed A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Phase 4: Protected Mode Switchover and PnP Configuration Vmm32.vxd switches to protected mode Configuration Manager configures legacy and PnP devices Uses information left for it by PnP BIOS Loads 32-bit VxDs for PnP devices A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Phase 5: Loading the Remaining Components Three core components, fonts, and other resources loaded Win.ini checked Shell and desktop loaded Logon dialog box displayed Startup directory processes A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

System Applet in Control Panel Performance tab can be used to optimize performance Real mode device drivers may be in use File System: “Some drives are using MS- DOS compatibility” Virtual Memory: “MS-DOS compatibility mode” A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

System Monitor A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

System Configuration Utility Start, Programs, Accessories, System Tools, System Information From Tools menu, select System Configuration Utility Select Diagnose startup – interactively load device drivers and software, Click OK to restart A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

System Configuration Utility (continued) Selective startup Restore one device after another If problem persists: Scan for virus Use Registry Checker Use File System Checker Check CMOS A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

System Information Window A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Dr. Watson Used to trouble- shoot applications Creates a log file Check Website http://support.microsoft.com for problems and solutions A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

How the Registry is Organized A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 95 Backup of the Registry Registry is stored in two files System.dat User.dat Windows 95 creates a new backup copy on each successful boot System.da0 User.da0 Restores from backup if missing during boot A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 98/Me Registry Checker A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Registry Editor To edit registry manually Back up two registry files Use Registry Editor (Regedit.exe) A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Troubleshooting Windows 9x Boot Process Address any error messages Boot in Safe Mode Boot to the command prompt Boot from emergency startup disk Try Fdisk A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Normal Eliminate Config.sys or Autoexec.bat by using Step-by-step confirmation Eliminate Win.ini or System.ini Change name of System.ini to System.sav Copy System.cb, rename to System.ini Add drivers=mmsystem.dll to System.ini Change name of Win.ini to Win.sav Restart the computer A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Safe Mode (Press F5 While Booting) Does not execute Entries in the registry Config.sys Autoexec.bat System.ini [boot] and [385Enh] sections Minimum default configuration Standard VGA A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Using Scandisk A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Safe Mode with Network Support Used when Windows 95 is stored on a network server and changes must be downloaded in Safe Mode Does not exist in Windows 98/Me: network support automatically included Step-by-Step Confirmation Asks for confirmation before executing each command in Io.sys, Config.sys, Autoexec.bat A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Command Prompt Only Available in Windows 95/98, not Me Executes the contents of Autoexec.bat and Config.sys, stops at DOS prompt Type WIN to load Windows 95/98 A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Safe Mode Command Prompt Only Does not execute the contents of Autoexec.bat and Config.sys Stops at DOS prompt Previous Version of DOS Loads previous version of DOS if one was present when Windows installed Not available in Windows 98 SE or Me A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Troubleshooting with the Startup Menu Try a hard boot Try Safe Mode Try Step-by-step confirmation Try Logged option Try Command Prompt Only Try Safe Mode Command Prompt Only A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Using the Startup Disk for Troubleshooting Boot with an emergency startup disk Attempt to access the hard drive Successful access means the problem lies with OS boot record, OS hidden files, or command interface files Unsuccessful access means the problem lies with the partition table, Master Boot Record, hard drive, cables, or power supply A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows 98 Rescue Disk Startup Menu A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Troubleshooting Windows 9x Hardware and Software Begin by asking the user questions Try rebooting Check for memory module corruption Turn on external devices before booting Try a malfunctioning device with another application More… A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Windows Troubleshooter Try clicking Start, Help, and then Troubleshooting Lots of troubleshooting information at http://support.microsoft.com Check manuals, training materials, other Web sites A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition

Summary Windows 9x architecture Installing Windows 9x and installing hardware and applications using Windows 9x Tools for using Windows 9x Windows 9x boot process Tools for managing and troubleshooting Windows 9x Troubleshooting Windows 9x A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition