Heat Illness Prevention 2010 Employer Training

Training Goals Increase awareness and commitment to safety and health at the work site. Review heat illness prevention and regulatory requirements.

Don’t Take the Risk Heat kills... your business! 16 jobsites were shut down in 2009 for imminent hazards due to heat Nearly $ 2 million in penalties and 1158 citations issued in 2009 District Attorneys may review these cases for criminal activity Bad press/media attention 41 confirmed heat illnesses and 1 confirmed heat fatality in 2009

Title 8 Section 3395 Heat Illness Prevention Elements Include: Access to Water Access to Shade Written Procedures Including Emergency Response Training

Access to Water: Access to sufficient amounts of cool potable drinking water shall be available at all times, with at least one quart per employee per hour for the entire shift. Provided at no cost to the workers.

Effective Replenishment Procedures Designate a person(s) to periodically check the level of the water containers. Specify how often the containers will be checked. Ensure that the water is suitably cool.

Encourage the Frequent Drinking of Water! Remind workers not to wait until they are thirsty!

When There is No Access to Shade SERIOUS HAZARD: When the outdoor temperature in the work area exceed 85 degrees F, and no shade is present. YOU RISK A SERIOUS CITATION! IMMINENT HAZARD: When the outdoor temperature in the work area exceed 90 degrees F, and no shade is present. YOU RISK GETTING SHUT DOWN (OPU)!

Access to Shade Locate the shade structure as close as practicable to the areas where employees are working. Have and maintain one or more areas with shade. Permit access to shade at all times.

Encourage Employees to Use the Shade “Rule of Thumb”: the amount of shade present should be at least enough to accommodate 25 percent of the employees on the shift at any time. Encourage employees to take a cool-down rest in the shade, for a period of no less than 5 minutes at a time.

If Temperature is Below 85 o F When the temperature does not exceed 85 degrees F, provide shade or timely access to shade upon request.

Does the shade structure introduce a hazard? In situations where the employer can demonstrate that it is not safe or feasible to provide shade, an employer can utilize established procedures for providing shade upon request or, for non-agricultural employers, alternative cooling measures that provide equivalent protection.

Written Procedures As long as they are effective, your Heat Illness Procedures can be integrated into the IIPP Maintain the procedures on site or close to the site, so that it can be made available to representatives of Cal/OSHA upon request.

Written Procedures Detail how your company will: Provide access to water & shade Monitor the weather Institute high heat procedures and address lack of acclimatization Train all employees and supervisors Respond to heat illnesses without delay, provide first aid and emergency services. Provide clear and precise directions to the worksite.

Ensure Access to Water & Shade Designate a person to ensure that sufficient quantity of water is provided and shade is open and set in place Specify that the water and shade be located as close as possible to the workers Spell out how often refills of water containers will take place Determine how workers will be encouraged to frequently drink water and use shade

Monitor the Weather Instruct supervisors to track the weather of the job site [by monitoring predicted temperature highs and periodically using a thermometer.] Determine how weather information will be used to modify work schedule, increase number of water and rest breaks or cease work early if necessary

High Heat Procedures When the temperature equals or exceeds 95 degrees Fahrenheit or during a heat wave, make absolutely sure you: Ensure effective communication (by voice, observation or electronic means) Observe employees for alertness and signs and symptoms of heat illness Give more frequent reminders to drink plenty of water Closely supervise new employees, and all workers during a heat wave

Address Lack of Acclimatization As an employer, you are responsible for the working conditions of your employees, so you must act effectively when conditions result in sudden exposure to heat that your workers are not used to. Thus, determine how you will: –lessen the intensity of the employees’ work during a two-week break-in period –be extra-vigilant with new employees, and recognize immediately symptoms of possible heat illness

Address Lack of Acclimatization During a heat wave or sudden heat spike, determine how you will protect your workers from conditions resulting from sudden exposure to heat Remember: training for employees and supervisors must include the importance of acclimatization, how it is developed, and how your procedures address it!

Employee & Supervisor Training Ensure all employees and supervisors: Are trained before working outdoors in the heat Know and follow your company procedures

Emergency Response Procedures To ensure that emergency assistance is provided without delay, plan in advance how you will: –Immediately respond to symptoms of possible heat illness –Contact emergency medical service providers –Provide clear and precise directions to the worksite –Ensure that emergency procedures are invoked when appropriate

PRIOR TO WORKING OUTDOORS! The environmental and personal risk factors for heat illness Your company’s heat illness prevention procedures Importance of frequent consumption of small quantities of water Importance of acclimatization Different types of heat illness, common signs and symptoms Employee Training

Importance of immediately reporting signs or symptoms of heat illness to supervisor Procedures for responding to possible heat illness Procedures to follow when contacting emergency medical services and if necessary transporting employees Procedures that ensure clear and precise directions to the work site will be provided to emergency medical services

What You as a Supervisor Need to Do: Ensure employees are trained before working outdoors in the heat Ensure workers know and follow company procedures Closely supervise new employees for the first 14 days Monitor the weather at the site Remind workers to drink plenty of water

What You as a Supervisor Need to Do, cont.: Maintain effective communication with your crew at all times (by voice, observation or electronic means) Observe employees for alertness and signs or symptoms of heat illness Know what procedures to follow when a worker exhibits signs and symptoms of heat illness Respond to heat illness without delay: provide first aid and emergency services

Heat Illness Signs & Symptoms Heavy sweating, cramps, rapid pulse, headache, nausea, vomiting Dry, red, hot skin, fainting, high body temperature, disoriented, confused NEED MEDICAL HELP Heat ExhaustionHeat Stroke For more details see:

In Summary: Heat Illness Prevention Elements Include: Access to water Access to shade Written procedures including emergency response Employee and Supervisory Training

For Additional Information Visit the Cal/OSHA Heat Illness Webpage:

Cal/OSHA Consultation

Agricultural Health and Safety Hazards

Miscellaneous Agriculture Safety §3438. Communications must be in a language understood by employees. §3439. There must be adequate first-aid materials immediately available. One employee with first-aid training for every twenty workers. At remote locations, provisions must be made in advance for prompt medical attention in case of serious injuries. § When exposed to permanent pools, pond, water tanks or reservoirs 4’ or more in depth, and exit is difficult, ladder, steps or other climbing means must be provided. Note: review all applicable standards for additional requirements and exceptions!

Operation of Agricultural Equipment §3441 At time of assignment and annually employees must be trained on safe operation and servicing. Stop equipment and wait for all movement to cease prior to servicing, adjusting, cleaning or unclogging. If equipment must be operating, follow procedures necessary to safely service or maintain. See also §3314 The Control of Hazardous Energy for the Cleaning, Repairing, Servicing, Setting-Up, and Adjusting Operations of Prime Movers, Machinery and Equipment, Including Lockout/Tagout. Ensure that everyone is clear before, starting the engine or operating the machine. Safe means of access provided for employees to reach the top of any loads. Mobile Equipment used after sunset and before sunrise must have a light at the front and rear.

Operation of Ag Equipment (cont) §3441 Operator must be at the controls when a vehicle is in motion, unless; –Equipment is furrow guided, and –Operator has a clear view of other employees and course of travel, and –The operator is not over 10 feet away from such controls and does not have to climb over or onto the equipment or other obstacles to operate the controls, and –Vehicle moving at two MPH or less. –See full exemption in T8CCR3441(b)

Agricultural Equipment §3440 Tractors must have fenders or equivalent protection (such as 64” wheel-to-wheel centerline distance) between operator and tracks/wheels. Positive tractor brake-lock or parking device. Guarding of Moving Parts; –Power-take-off (PTO) shafts / drivelines shall be guarded and labeled. –Power driven gears, belts, chains, sheaves, pulleys, sprockets, and idlers shall be guarded. –Revolving shafts and projections shall be guarded. –Guards, shields and access doors shall be in place when equipment is in operation.

Orchard Ladders § 3276 Use of Ladders. Orchard Ladders are “special purpose ladders”. Employees shall: –be prohibited from carrying equipment or materials which prevent the safe use of ladders; –be required to face the ladder when ascending and descending; –always use both hands when climbing up or down the ladder.

Rollover Protection §3651. Agricultural and Industrial Tractors. All agricultural tractors manufactured after October 25, 1976, shall be equipped with rollover protective structures (ROPS) when operated by an employee. Exceptions: "Low profile" tractors while used in orchards, vineyards, or hop yards or inside a farm building or greenhouse in which the vertical clearance is insufficient to allow a ROPS equipped tractor to operate, and while their use is incidental to the work performed therein. When used with mounted equipment that is incompatible with ROPS (e.g. cornpickers, cotton strippers, vegetable pickers and fruit harvesters). When operated as stationary power and pumping units, and while their use is incidental to such stationary operations. –Note: The terms "incidental to the work" or "incidental to," used in the exceptions above, shall mean the necessary additional work required to perform or complete the intended work within the exempted work area (such as, fueling, repairing, maintenance, travel to and from the exempted work area, etc.). Seat belt assemblies shall be provided and used on all equipment where rollover protection is installed and employees shall be instructed in their use.

Overhead Electrical Hazards §3455 The person in charge of work crews shall inspect the work area to determine if the high-voltage lines are located in areas that may expose employees to electrical hazards. Electrically conductive poles shall not be used for fruit picking or nut- knocking. Employees using conductive tools or equipment to perform duties such as pruning, harvesting and the handling of irrigation pipe in areas where such tools or equipment could come into contact with overhead high-voltage electrical lines must be trained prior to working in those areas. Clearance distances shall be maintained when placing or moving irrigation piping, and when employees use tools, ladders, machinery, or other equipment and materials that could come into contact with high-voltage lines. Nominal voltage Minimum Clearance (Feet) ,0006 over 50, , over 345, ,00016 over 750,000-1,000,00020

Field Sanitation (cont.) §3457 Toilet facilities shall be maintained at all times in a clean and sanitary condition. Toilet paper shall be provided in a suitable holder. Appropriately screened to exclude insects and other vermin. Ventilated and provided with self-closing and lockable doors to provide privacy. Separate toilet facilities (male/ female) for each twenty (or fraction thereof) employees. [If less than five workers, a single toilet with an interior lock is allowed.] Accessible to employees, ¼ mile or 1,320’ or a 5-minute walk (whichever is less).

Field Sanitation (cont.) §3457 Potable water shall be available and refilled as necessary for handwashing. Soap and single use towels shall be provided. Signs stating that water is for handwashing only, shall be posted. Facilities shall be in a clean and sanitary condition. The employer must ensure that that employees are aware of and are allowed reasonable opportunities to use sanitation facilities during the workday. One handwashing facility for each twenty (or fraction thereof) employees. Toilet and handwashing facilities shall be located in close proximity to each other

Field Sanitation (cont.) §3457 Potable water shall be provided and be accessible at all times to employees. The water shall be fresh, pure, suitably cool, and in sufficient amounts, taking into account weather and work being performed. The water shall be dispensed by fountain, or by faucet or other suitable device into single-use drinking cups.

Construction Health and Safety Hazards

Focus Four Hazards Did you know? One of every five workplace fatalities is a construction worker.

Electrical Hazards Did you know? Approximately 350 electrical-related fatalities occur each year. Contact with power lines No ground fault protection Bad or no Ground Misuse of equipment Improper use of cords

Fall Hazards Unprotected Sides, Wall Openings, and Floor Holes Improper Scaffold Construction Unguarded Protruding Steel Rebars Misuse of Ladders Did you know? Falls from elevation account for one third of all deaths in construction.

Struck-by Hazards Vehicles Falling/Flying Objects Masonry Walls Did you know? One in four "struck by vehicle" deaths involve construction workers, more than any other occupation.

Trenching Hazards No Cave-in Protection Failure to Inspect Trench Unsafe Spoil-Pile Unsafe Access/Egress Did you know? The fatality rate for excavation work is 112% higher than the rate for general construction.

Focus Four Hazards For more info: OSHA Construction eTool – Cal/OSHA Consultation Construction Page –