MassDEP Drinking Water Program 2014 An Overview Yvette DePeiza, Director Drinking Water Program CERO - 7/29/2014

310CMR Regulation Update RTCR Minor EPA Corrections to DBP and LT2 Rules Mainly numbering, typos etc Certified Operator clarifies staffing requirements for the system versus individual facilities. clarifies staffing requirements for systems with multiple treatment facilities. adopts ABC’s new standards for the classification of treatment facilities, which is the basis for examination and licensing for drinking water operators. Miscellaneous revisions include clarification of false reporting, new source approval issues, adding a definition for raw water, corrections of typos, re-incorporating the 2014 DWP Guidelines into the regulations, etc 2

310 CMR 27.00: Underground Injection Control Regulations (UIC) Updates All changes are required by EPA to maintain PRIMACY for UIC Ban the installation of any new cesspool. Removal of exemption of UIC Registration filing requirement for aquifer remediation wells that were installed under the MCP regulations (310 CMR 40). Adding Class V well types that are currently allowed in MA but are not included in current version of regs. References added to various UIC guidance documents. Add authority to DEP to require a Groundwater Discharge Permit for a Class V well as determined necessary by the Department (requested by EPA in 2004) Add a well closure section. 3

310 CMR 46.00: Certification of Well Drillers Regulations Updates An overall restructuring and rewrite of the text to make the regulations more readable and enforceable as well as reflective of current practices Additions New categories of Well Driller Certification – Ground Source Heat Pump Installers (geothermal) – pump installers – Well Yield Enhancement Continuing Education requirements Well Yield Enhancement provisions DEP right of entry Changing responsibility to obtain a permit for drilling rigs from the certified driller to owner of the drilling rig (in some cases, this could be the certified driller) 4

Systems PWS presently registered  521-COM systems  267-NTNC systems  947-TNC systems Note: Another 54 PWS were active for only part of the year 5

Funding

Improving Public Health Protection through Risk Management 7 Since the 1996 Amendments, regulations now specifically address threats to the health of children and other sensitive sub-populations. Prior to 1996, these categories of individuals were incidentally protected based on the single standard for all consumers.

SDWA Requirements Health based water quality monitoring for 115 contaminants; Cross Connection Control; Underground Injection Control; Source Water Protection; Sanitary Surveys; Capacity Development; Lead and Copper Rule; Total Coliform Rule; Ground Water Rule; Surface Water Treatment Rules; Filter Backwash Recycling Rule; Disinfectants and Disinfection By- Products Rule; Unregulated Contaminants Monitoring Rule; Public Notification; Consumer Confidence Reporting; Operator Certification; New System Registration; Secondary Standards; Consecutive Systems; Metering, Point of Use/Point of Entry Treatment; Distribution Protection; and others. 8

2014 Additional Workload 9 Revised Total Coliform Rule Disinfection Byproducts Stage 2 Rule Surface Water Treatment Rule Long Term 2 Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rules with emerging contaminants Water System capacity planning Lead ban Engineering review for treatment and innovative technology. Manganese

Revised Total Coliform Rule (RTCR) By January 1, 2016 PWSs must comply with the RTCR requirements unless the state selects an earlier implementation date. 10 Applies to all PWSs. Requires PWSs to perform assessments to identify sanitary defects and subsequently take action to correct them. Establishes a MCL for E. coli and Uses E. coli and total coliforms to initiate a “find and fix” approach to address fecal contamination that could enter into the distribution system.

RTCR …Get Ready – Familiarize yourself with Rule changes – Evaluate distribution system to determine if current sample locations accurately reflect system – Perform mock Level 1 Assessment to identify deficiencies – Educate local officials about upcoming changes 11

Stage 2 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule (DBPR) 12 Continues Stage 1 DBPR: MCLs for THM, HAA5, Bromate and Chlorite; MRDLs for Chlorine, Chloramines and Chlorine Dioxide; TT for Control of Byproduct Precursors Applies to COM and NTNC PWSs Including Consecutive PWSs that Only Purchase Treated Water but Compliance Dates and Requirements Vary Based on Population, Source Water Type and Treatment Transition from Stage 1 to Stage 2 Staggered Final Transition Date was October 1, 2013 MRDL for Chlorine Dioxide Applies to TNC PWSs that use Chlorine Dioxide

Stage 2 DBPR (Continued) Initial Distribution System Evaluations Used to Ensure Best Monitoring Plans Including at least One Sample in Each PWS of a Combined Distribution System (i.e. Consecutives) New Method for Calculating MCL Compliance PWS-Wide Averaging (Running Annual Average) Replaced with Site Averaging (Locational Running Annual Average) Each Individual Site Must Meet MCLs Operational Evaluation Levels Calculated Quarterly Identifies Potential Violations Ahead of Time and Triggers Comprehensive Review of Practices 13

Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2) Applies to All PWSs that Use Surface Water or Groundwater Under the Direct Influence of Surface Water (GWUDI) Follows Prior Surface Water Treatment Rules to Establish or Extend Treatment Techniques for Cryptosporidium Two Rounds of Source Water Monitoring Required: and Varies Based on PWS Population and Treatment 24 or 12 Months of Monitoring Cryptosporidium and/or E. coli with or without Turbidity 14

LT2 (Continued) EPA Certified Cryptosporidium Labs for Round 1; States Must Certify Labs for Round 2 MassDEP Process in Development Source Water Monitoring Can Be Avoided Based on Log Removal Achieved with Current Treatment Results Used to Assign PWS to a Bin Bin Classification May Trigger Additional Treatment Requirements Microbial Toolbox Established 15

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule 3 (UCMR 3) Direct Implementation Rule – EPA Oversees Requirements with State Assistance Applies to All PWSs Serving >10,000 and a National Sample of PWSs Serving <=10, Contaminants – All PWSs Conduct Assessment Monitoring = 7 VOCs, 1 SOC, 6 Metals, 1 Oxyhalide Anion, 6 Perfluorinated Compounds – All PWSs Serving >100,000 and Selections of PWSs Serving <=100,000 Conduct Screening Survey = 7 Hormones – Selection of PWSs Serving <=1,000 Conduct Pre-Screen Testing = 2 Viruses 12 Months of Monitoring Staggered During EPA Pays for Analysis of Samples from PWSs Serving <=10,000 EPA Collects Pre-Screen Viral Samples 16

UCMR 3 (Continued) Used to Determine if Future Regulations are Needed UCMR 3 Uses Lower Reporting Levels than Prior UCMRs – Communication Challenge in that More Detections are Likely but Detections May Not Reflect Health Concerns – EPA Guidance Puts Detections in Proper Context October 2013 National Data Summary (Partial Results) – Chlorate, 1,4-Dioxane and Vanadium Most Common Detects – Chlorate: 68% of PWSs Detected but only 25% of Detects Above EPA’s Draft Reference Concentrations (i.e. Possible Health Concern) – 1,4-Dioxane: 19% of PWSs Detected but only 31% of Detects Above Reference Concentration – Vanadium: 75% of PWSs Detected but only 4% of Detects Above Reference Concentration Results to be included in Consumer Confidence Reports 17

Phase II/V Monitoring Waivers MassDEP Program to Reduce Monitoring Requirements and Cost for VOCs, SOCs and IOCs (Including Perchlorate) Applies to COM and NTNC PWSs (TNCs Do Not Routinely Monitor for These Contaminants) is the Second 3-Year Period in the Current 9-Year Cycle. PWSs Can Seek New Waivers or Renewals for Existing VOC and SOC Waivers IOC Waivers Granted in Cover the Entire 9-Year Cycle (End 12/31/2019) 18

Phase II/V Monitoring Waivers (Continued) Application Criteria Include Good Historic Water Quality Data and Source Protection Measures Scheduled Monitoring Must Be Performed Until a Waiver Determination is Issued Contact MassDEP Boston if Monitoring is Approaching and No Determination has been Received Determinations Include New Sample Schedules 19

Vital Statistics All Public Health Orders 20 ZERO (0) waterborne disease outbreaks

Boil Water Orders / Advisories 21

Do Not Drink Orders 22

Do Not Use Orders 23

How are we going to get it all done? Public Health is our priority Protection Continue to support & maintain current required programs Programmatic Promulgate and implement new SDWA regulations Regulations Make sure all staff, PWSs & certified operators have what they need Training SDWA Advisory Committee Partnering with EPA & Others Working with PWS & Water Work Associations SDWA Assessment Committee Work Together MassDEP’s Drinking Water Program 24

25 “ Ensuring safe and healthy drinking water may be as simple as turning on the tap from an EPA-regulated public water system” Centers for Disease Control

Contact Information Yvette DePeiza One Winter Street Boston, MA