Brief Overview Monitoring the Millennium Development Goals By Winfred Nelson NDPC November

Efforts to Achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Evidenced by adaptation of the MDG linkages to the GPRS

Consistency Between GPRS and the MDGs GPRS Goals MDG Goals Poverty Reduction1.Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger Equitable Human Development Production and Gainful Employment 2. Achieve Universal Primary Education 4. Reduce Child Mortality 5. Improve Maternal Health 6. Combat HIV/AIDS 7. Ensure Environmental Sustainability Equitable Growth through production 3. Promote Gender Equality and Empower women Programmes for the Vulnerable and the Excluded 3. Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women 6. Combat HIV/AIDS Good Governance (Decentralised and Democratic) Macro- economy 8. Global Partnership for Growth and Development

The GPRS and the MDGs are all aimed at the same goal of creating wealth and reducing poverty The GPRS is the Ghanaian expression in pursuit of achieving the MDGs. In other words it is the programmatic instrument for operationalising MDG.

Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger Halving the Proportion of those in extreme poverty between In 1992 extreme poverty was 36.5 % Ghana-18% by Requires 0.72% point decline in extreme poverty levels per annum. GPRS took a cue from MDG target 27% in % by end of 2004 Average of 1.2% point decline 0.5% point above the 0.72 suggested by MDGs

MDG\Target GPRS Target 2003 MDG 1 Halve the proportion of those in extreme hunger by 2015 Prevalence of underwieght MDG2Gross Primary Enrolment MDG3Ratio of females in primary schools MDG4Under five mortality rate Infant mortality rate Immunisation coverage MDG6 HIV\AIDS prrevalence

GPRS target 2003 MDG7Prop of land area replanted covered by forest 65,00030,000 Prop of population with access to safe water 75.2

Challenges Combating hunger-child malnutrition on the rise-25% in % in 2003 Reducing the spread of HIV/AIDS Increasing primary enrolment Improving access to water supply Inadequate data to to allow effective monitoring in the reversal of malaria incidence and gender

Vielen Dank!

MDG7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability MDG 1: Eradicate extreme Poverty and Hunger MDG 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Poor women exposed to indoor air pollution, burden of collecting fuel wood and water, and unequal access to land and natural resources MDG 4: Reduce Child Mortality Environmentally related diseases- indoor and local air pollution, unsafe water, poor sanitation MDG 5: Improve Maternal Health Physical stresses associated with the gathering of environmental resources such as firewood, good drinking water. Food availability, water quality, poor sanitation etc caused by environmental degradation tend to affect maternal health. Connection of MDG 7 to other MDGs Continuous Degradation of natural resources such as food, medicinal plants, fuel wood etc. and land degradation might lead to poverty Source: Authors own construct MDG2: Achieve Universal Basic Education Availability of water and energy sources. Particularly girls spend more hours gather ring water and firewood Burden of environmental health threats MDG 8:Global Partnership For Growth and Devt MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases Environmental degradation might lead to poor local economic Mishaps, rural-urban migration and overcrowding. These may lead to HIV/AIDS etc. Increase in temp associated with climate change,poor sanitation conducive for vector multiplication

the MDGs establish broad development agenda but they do not in themselves offer plans of action for a particular country to achieve the goals. the GPRS which in a way is the Ghanaian programmatic instrument in pursuit of achieving the MDGs Offers opportunities for integrating the environment into policy making