New Growth for Greek Ports The European Perspective “A Unique Opportunity” Dimitrios Theologitis – Head of Unit Ports & Inland Navigation, European Commission 1 October 2012

The EU Port Policy Review EU 2020 & Growth prospects: shift in global economy, shift in EU economy, transformation of shipping logistics, new environmental and energy requirements: Engines for Growth Every individual port included in the trans-European Transport Networks has significant cross-border effects and EU relevance Port connections (sea-side, land-side) are a key factor for the smooth functioning of the internal and international market To a large extent, quality, efficiency and reliability of ports determine the overall performance of the TEN-T

A «three pillar» approach Five years after the 2007 Communication on a European Ports Policy 1. TEN-T Guidelines and Connecting Europe Facility 2. Administrative Facilitation 3. Transparency and Regulated Market Access

TEN-T metro map

2. Administrative Facilitation European Maritime Transport Space without Barriers Ongoing activity since 2009 Actions in several fields: Customs simplification for intra-EU traffic “Automatic” authorised operator Third country call Phytosanitary and veterinary controls Electronic transmission of documents – Reporting Formalities Directive, e-Maritime, Blue Belt, Blue Lanes Blue Belt pilot project report (Staff Working Doc)

Transparency and Market Access Transparency State Aid, accounting, charging Concessions Horizontal Directive Port Services Types, principles, pricing Port Labour Free market access, training and qualification

Port services examined Pilotage Towage Mooring Dredging Icebreaking Environmental and waste removal Passenger Security

Port services: Principles and pricing Principles Safety, security, environment Training and qualification Public service obligation No discrimination between private and public But conditions! Pricing Cost-base vs efficiency (price cap) Concertation – conciliation mechanism Proportionality, non-discrimination

2012 – 2013 Consultation process Full impact assessment: studies, research, evidence gathering, consultations Bilateral discussions with Transport / National Port Authorities in Member States Dialogue with main European organisations (workers, port authorities, operators, providers and users of port services) Conference on EU ports (25-26 Sep 2012): interim conclusions and way forward (Still) not possible to prejudge the outcome at this stage, either as to the extent or as the form of any proposals (2013)

The Greek Port Policy Review Strategy Organisation Legislation Infrastructure Financial aspects Administrative simplification Administration (and administrative capacity)

Ports Strategy (Ideally) Part of a country-wide transport strategy Vision – strategic goals Principles (High-level) practical aspects Organisation, legislation, infrastructure, administration… Implementation strategy Priorities, consultations Time plan

Organisation “Landlord model” – or “Facilitator port” Legislator The Ministry (or Ministries) Regulator Clear description of tasks Implementation of the model, oversight of “The Plan”, sanctioning Calls for tender? For land concessions Price arbitration for port-specific services Management The Port Authorities Calls for tender? For port services Operations The local offices

Legislation – Land concessions One law for all concessions Otherwise risk of distortion of competition Calls for tender according to stable criteria Typology of terminals Contracts are administrative acts Performance criteria Supplementary conditions, e.g. General use – non-discrimination Modal split, environment (“Spanish” model?) …the case of no interest… Port authority operates – or not…

Legislation – Port-specific services The “Three Principles” Safety, security, environmental protection Training and qualification Public service obligations Opening of the market(s) But not all need be covered by service concessions E.g. towage, waste removal …in case of no commercial interest… Organised by Port Authorities (The “Danish” model?) The case of exclusive rights (most common) Pricing! The Regulator as arbitrator

Legislation -- Labour Is it a port-specific issue? Stevedoring (under different terminology) common in other industries as well Freedom to provide and to contract services Operators can employ their own personnel Personnel needs to be properly trained and qualified Avoid “social dumping” Change of concessionnaire EU legislation on “Transfer of undertakings” applies Dir on Temporary Work Agencies also applies

Ports with no commercial interest Actually, the case “…of no commercial interest…” is the rule All the more reason to provide rules for what effectively is the majority of the ports E.g. municipal ports need to be regulated as well Rules need not be different Legislation must cover the different structures “Door must remain open” for commercial competition Opportunities can arise in unexpected areas

Port Authorities Principles Optimisation Cost efficiency No duplication Better co-ordination Grouping in Regional Port Authorities Number and geographical coverage Which ports are included Tasks Development of its ports within the general ports strategic planning

The operational level An “operational antenna” in each port Oversees the good functioning of the port Port-specific services Billing for ports and service dues Emergencies Safety and security problems Environmental issues

Financial aspects Revenue Port dues, port-specific services, concessions Expense Running and major investments, port maintenance Sustainability of Port Authorities and Regulator Clear allocation of funding streams “Who gets what” Structure needs to be motivational In order for Port Authorities to perform well Important given the multitude of medium-sized and small ports and their organisation

Administrative simplification Greece, a traditional shipping country, with nearly 25% of the world fleet is very inefficient in logistics Only in rank 69 (out of 155) in the Logistics Performance Index of the World Bank 2 nd worst of the EU Inefficiencies lead to loss of trade URGENT need to introduce Port Community Systems Single Window(s) Directive 2010/65 Benchmarking!

Administration Political influence only at the level of the Strategy (Most of) the remaining tasks is administration In-house administrative capacity Involvement of Ministry officials Continuity Recruitment criteria Substantial training needs For new and existing personnel AND for managers!

Each crisis is an opportunity Competition does not exclude solidarity

Thank you for your kind attention