1. Increasing competitiveness of rail freight undertaking a BUSINESS or a POLITICAL GAME?
Maria Price, DPhil. (Oxon.)
Head of EU Policies and Public Affairs
International Union of Wagon Keepers
Railway Pro Summit, Bucharest, RO
10-13 October, 2016

2. 14 National Associations

3. Table of content
The legislative path to Liberalisation and Single Railway Market
Modal Split – numbers speak louder than words
Increasing competitiveness the traditional way
Increasing competitiveness requires CHANGE
Market liberalisation is not enough for competitive rail freight
The way forward
Conclusions

4. 1. The legislative path to Liberalisation & Single Railway Market
railway packages
First package
Second package
Third package
DIR 91/440/EC:
Independence from state
Accounting separation
Sound finances
1st market opening
DIR 2001/12/EC:
Unbundling
Greater opening to international freight market
DIR 2004/51/EC:
Full opening of internat. & domestic freight services
DIR 2007/58/EC:
Opening of international passenger transport
MARKET
DIR 95/18/EC:
Concept of license valid throughout the EU
DIR 2001/13/EC:
Conditions for granting of licences
LICENSES
INFRASTRUCTURE
DIR 95/19/EC:
Track access charges and capacity allocation:
Concept of capacity allocation body, allocation priorities and principles
Safety EU level
DIR 2001/14/EC:
User-changes and allocation of infrastructure capacities
Safety certificate
DIR 2007/59/EC:
Certification of train drivers
DIR 2004/49/EC:
Definition of safety rules at European level
SAFETY
DIR 2004/881/EC: ERA
DIR 2008/110/EC:
Update of safety rules
ECM Art. 14 (a)
DIR 96/48/EC:
Interoperability of high speed rail
DIR 2004/50/EC:
Harmonisation and clarification of interoperability requirements
DIR 2001/16/EC:
Interoperability of conventional rail
DIR 2008/57/EC:
Interop conventional update
INTEROPERABILITY
2001
2004
2007
2008 4

5. Improve liberalisation framework
1. The legislative path to Liberalisation & Single Railway Market
Improve liberalisation framework
RECAST 1st Package
4th Package
COM 2013/26:
Normalisation of the accounts of RUs
DIR 2012/34/EC: 
(1) strengthening the power of national regulators
(2) improving the framework for investment in rail
(3) ensuring fair access to rail infrastructure and rail related services
MARKET
Infrastructure
COM 2013/28:
Opening of the market for domestic passenger transport services by rail
New TEN-T guidelines
Connecting Europe Facility
Freight corridors 913/2010/EC +
LICENSES +
COM 2013/29:
Opening market for domestic passenger services by rail
Governance of the rail infrastructure +
INFRASTRUCTURE
REG EU 2016/796:
ERA regulation –
Intermodal level playing field ?
SAFETY
DIR 2016/797:
Harmonisation of interoperability requirements (RECAST)
DIR 2016/798:
Definition of safety rules at European level (RECAST)
INTEROPERABILITY
2012 5

6. 2. Modal Split - numbers speak louder than words
Source: Eurostat, April 2016 6

7. INFRA, FACILITES, TERMINALS
3. Increasing competitiveness the traditional way
MARKET
CUSTOMERS
INFRA, FACILITES, TERMINALS
LOGISTICS PROVIDERS
Traditionally associated with nat’l: heavy, bulk, construction, dangerous goods
Traditionally fragmented to the bilateral contracts
Traditionally associated with restricted access to rail network only and high speed passenger developments
Traditionally associated with
Delivery and apart from system 7

8. INFRA, FACILITES, TERMINALS
4. Increasing competitiveness requires CHANGE
MARKET
CUSTOMERS
INFRA, FACILITES, TERMINALS
LOGISTICS PROVIDERS
Traditionally associated with nat’l: heavy, bulk, construction, dangerous goods
Traditionally fragmented to the bilateral contracts
Traditionally associated with restricted access to rail network only and high speed passenger developments
Traditionally associated with
delivery and apart from system
TODAY
Intermodal
Retail market
Cross-border
All actors along the supply chain and the end users
(Operator to Keeper, RU to the IM, shippers to the operators, Consumers to suppliers)
Path allocation
Last mile & Intermodal links
Capacity
Cross-border
Loading & unloading efficiency
Tracking / tracing
Electronic live updates on delivery
OSS solutions 8

9. 5. Market liberalisation is not enough for competitive rail freight
Issues to be addressed:
Infrastructure capacity, development, and funding
Intramodal competition (Passenger v.s. Freight)
Technical and Administrative barriers
Regulatory burden and barriers to market entry
Intermodal level playing field 9

10. 6. The Way Forward Reliability Competitiveness Sustainability
Mindset
Attitude
Behaviour
Actions
Results
Deliver the goods to the Customer
Enhance Economic Growth and Job Market
Respect the Environment
Reduce road congestion
Competition can be a good thing
I can be competitive and more attractive
Through cooperation
Offering more alternatives
Reducing charges
Reliability
Competitiveness
Sustainability
Time & Cost Efficiency
Progress on TEN-T and RFC
Mobilise appropriate EU and National Investments
Simplify processes
Reduce administrative burdens
Facilitate cross-border operations /acceptance
Regulatory conditions at national and EU level are stable and an incentive rather than a restriction
Secure international environment for transport 10

11. 7. Conclusions
Liberalisation remains a mean to provide better quality of services through competition
Liberalisation has to be based on fair open access structure: avoid any conflict of interests
A competitive Single Railway Area needs more than structural changes
reduce conflicts between regulatory approaches +
closer cooperation with all stakeholders
________________________________________
COMPETITIVE RAIL FREIGHT SERVICES 11

12. Thank you for your attention!
Maria Price, DPhil.(Oxon)
Head of European Policies
and Public Affairs
UIP International Union of Wagon Keepers, a.i.s.b.l.
Rue Montoyer 23
B-1000 Brussels
tel:  @: W:
@uiprail 
UIP Rail 12