Energy Storage and Renewable Integration

2 Dynapower Dynapower Corporation Dynapower Corporation is the world’s leading Independent manufacturer of standard and custom power conversion equipment Founded in ,000 Sq. Ft. Factory in South Burlington, VT 150 Full Time Employees including: 20 Electrical, Mechanical & Software Engineers 10 Sales Engineers Product Lines Includes: Inverters, modulators and power conditioners SCR & IBGT Based Rectifiers up to 50MVA and 128,000 DC Amperes, Power Transformers - Cast Coil (up to 12MVA), VPI (up to 10MVA) and Oil Immersed (up to 15MVA, 34.5KVAC).

3 05/26/10Dynapower Energy Storage Applications Distributed Generation and Grid Support Demand Management – Arbitrage – Peak Shaving – Congestion Charges Capital Deferral – Substation Upgrade – Transmission and Distribution Enhanced Power Quality Increased Efficiency – Reduces Spinning Reserve – Reduced Cost for T&D Losses Load Following Frequency Regulation Reduced Financial Losses from Improved Electric Reliability Renewable Support

4 05/26/10Dynapower Demand Management Arbitrage, Peak Shaving and Congestion Charges Diurnal cycle Large amounts of energy Reduced Need for Generation Capacity VAR Support

5 Dynapower Transmission, Distribution and Substation Capital Deferral Install Near End Use Upgradable in Smaller Steps Defer Until Complete Upgrade is Necessary Life Extension by Reducing Load Potentially Most Valuable Attribute Upgrade in Right-Sized Increments Address Temporary or Seasonal Loads

6 Dynapower Energy Storage for Enhanced Integration of Renewable Energy Sources Power Conditioning System Smoothing Controlled ramping Frequency Regulation Voltage Regulation VAR support Dispatchable resource Renewable “firming”

7 Dynapower Demand and Renewable Energy Management System

8 Dynapower Energy Storage Mediums Pumped Hydro Compressed Air Flywheels Batteries – Lead Acid – Lithium Ion – Sodium Sulfur – Super Capacitors

9 Dynapower

10 Dynapower Power Conversion Systems Grid-Tie / Stand-alone Inverters – Compact Power Systems (CPS) & PowerSkids 375kW to 6MW VDC to 480VAC 3 Phase 50/60 Hz 97.5% conversion efficiency UL 1741 and IEEE1547 compliance, certification pending 1.5MVA Solid State Inverter 375kW Power Module

11 Dynapower PowerSkid Integrated Switchgear Integrated Cast Coil Transformer Modular Assembly 4.5 MVA PowerSkid – Bi-directional Inverter System

12 Dynapower Smart Integrated Power Electronics System Eight (8) megawatt Modular Power Electronics Assembly and Cast Coil Transformer Manufactured by Dynapower Corporation

13 Dynapower Energy Storage – Renewable Energy Demonstration Project Energy Management And Storage System 155 kW Roof Mounted Photovoltaic Existing 55kW Turbine 100kW Turbine DYNAPOWER MANUFACTURING FACILITY

14 Dynapower Contact Information Aaron Pollak Dynapower Corporation 85 Meadowland Drive South Burlington, Vermont Ph: (802)