Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY 12/e Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War The Secession Crisis The Secession Crisis  “Southern Nationalism” Pickett’s Charge at Gettysburg (The Palma Collection / Getty Images )

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Secession Crisis The Secession Crisis –The Withdrawal of the South  Establishment of the Confederacy The Process of Secession Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Secession Crisis The Secession Crisis –The Failure of Compromise  Crittenden Compromise Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Secession Crisis The Secession Crisis –The Failure of Compromise  Crittenden Compromise  Lincoln Inaugurated Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Civil War-Era Washington (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Secession Crisis The Secession Crisis –Fort Sumter  The War Begins Begins Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Fort Sumter, SC (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Secession Crisis The Secession Crisis –Opposing Sides  Union Advantages Union and Confederate Resources Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Secession Crisis The Secession Crisis –Opposing Sides  Union Advantages  Southern Advantages Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War A Letter From the Front, Charles Wellington Reed (Library of Congress)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Economic Measures  Republican Economic Policy Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Abraham Lincoln (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Economic Measures  Republican Economic Policy  National Bank Acts Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Abraham Lincoln (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Economic Measures  Republican Economic Policy  National Bank Acts  Financing the War Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Abraham Lincoln (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Raising the Union Armies  Conscription War by Railroad (NARA) Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Raising the Union Armies  Conscription  NYC Draft Riots Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Wartime Politics  Wartime Repression Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Wartime Politics  Wartime Repression  1864 Election Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –The Politics of Emancipation  Confiscation Acts Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –The Politics of Emancipation  Confiscation Acts  Emancipation Proclamation Proclamation Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Ex-slave children freed by Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation line up outdoors at Freedmen's Village, a temporary settlement at Alexandria, Virginia, ca (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Black Union Regiment (Library of Congress) The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –African Americans and the Union Cause  Black Enlistment Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –African Americans and the Union Cause  Black Enlistment  Mistreatment of Black Soldiers African-American Troops (Library of Congress) Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –The War and Economic Development  Hard Times for Workers Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Women, Nursing, and the War  U.S. Sanitary Commission The U.S. Sanitary Commission (NARA) Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Women, Nursing, and the War  U.S. Sanitary Commission  Traditional Gender Roles Reinforced Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the North The Mobilization of the North –Women, Nursing, and the War  U.S. Sanitary Commission  Traditional Gender Roles Reinforced Reinforced  Nursing and Medicine Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Clara Barton (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –The Confederate Government  Davis’s Leadership Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Jefferson Davis (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –The Confederate Government  Davis’s Leadership  Southern Divisions Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –Money and Manpower  Funding Problems Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –Money and Manpower  Funding Problems  Raising the Confederate Army Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War “Stonewall” Jackson (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –Money and Manpower  Funding Problems  Raising the Confederate Army  Manpower Shortages Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –States’ Rights versus Centralization  States’ Rights Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –States’ Rights versus Centralization  States’ Rights  Centralization Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –Economic and Social Effects of the War  Economic Woes Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Mobilization of the South The Mobilization of the South –Economic and Social Effects of the War  Economic Woes  New Roles for Women Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Strategy and Diplomacy Strategy and Diplomacy –The Commanders  Lincoln’s Leadership Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Abraham Lincoln visits General McClellan after Antietam (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Strategy and Diplomacy Strategy and Diplomacy –The Commanders  Lincoln’s Leadership  Robert E. Lee Robert E. Lee (Portrait Gallery) Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Strategy and Diplomacy Strategy and Diplomacy –The Role of Sea Power  The Union Blockade Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Gunboats and the CSS (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Strategy and Diplomacy Strategy and Diplomacy –The Role of Sea Power  The Union Blockade  Ironclads USS Monitor (Library of Congress) Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Strategy and Diplomacy Strategy and Diplomacy –Europe and the Disunited States  King Cotton Diplomacy Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Strategy and Diplomacy Strategy and Diplomacy –Europe and the Disunited States  King Cotton Diplomacy  Trent Affair Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Strategy and Diplomacy Strategy and Diplomacy –The American West and the War  Guerrilla War in the West Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle  High Casualties Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Dead Union Soldiers at Antietam, 1862 (Library of Congress)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Technology of Battle  Repeating Weapons Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Union Infantry officers examine a cannon emplacement (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Technology of Battle  Repeating Weapons  Importance of the Railroad the Railroad Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Soldiers guard a train on a Union Army-built trestle on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad near Manassas, Virginia, ca (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Technology of Battle  Repeating Weapons  Importance of the Railroad the Railroad  The Telegraph Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War A Civil War spy cuts important telegraph wires, sabotaging military communications. (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Opening Clashes, 1861  First Battle of Bull Run Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War The battlefield at Bull Run, 1861 (Library of Congress)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Opening Clashes, 1861  First Battle of Bull Run  Wilson’s Creek Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Prisoners under Guard (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Western Theater  New Orleans Captured Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War The War in the West,

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Western Theater  New Orleans Captured  Shiloh Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Ulysses S. Grant (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Virginia Front, 1862  George McClellan Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War George McClellan (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Virginia Front,  George McClellan  Seven Pines Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War The Virginia Theater,

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Virginia Front,  George McClellan  Seven Pines  Antietam Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War The Virginia Theater,

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –1863: Year of Decision of Decision  Battle of Chancellorsville Chancellorsville Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War The Virginia Theater,

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –1863: Year of Decision  Battle of Chancellorsville  Vicksburg Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War The Siege of Vicksburg, May-July 1863

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –1863: Year of Decision  Battle of Chancellorsville  Vicksburg  Gettysburg Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –1863: Year of Decision  Battle of Chancellorsville Chancellorsville  Vicksburg  Gettysburg  Battle of Chattanooga Chattanooga Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War A Cannon overlooks Chattanooga (C. Borland/ PhotoLink/ Getty Images)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Last Stage,  Grant’s Strategy Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Virginia Campaigns,

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Last Stage,  Grant’s Strategy  Capture of Atlanta Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Union Troops at rest, 1864 (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Last Stage,  Grant’s Strategy  Capture of Atlanta  March to the Sea Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War Sherman’s March to the Sea,

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc The Course of Battle The Course of Battle –The Last Stage,  Grant’s Strategy  Capture of Atlanta  March to the Sea  Appomattox Courthouse Courthouse Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War The McLean House in Appomattox Courthouse (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Conclusion Conclusion  Impact of the North’s Victory Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War New York’s 7 th Regiment on Parade (Seventh Regiment Armory, NYC)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc America in the World: America in the World: The Consolidation of Nations of Nations Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War A soldier of the 8th Pennsylvania Infantry displays his unit's tattered regimental flag. (Royalty-Free/CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Patterns of Popular Culture: Patterns of Popular Culture: Baseball and the Civil War Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Where Historians Disagree: Where Historians Disagree: The Causes of the Civil War African-American Troops (Library of Congress) Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War