Growth of the American Colonies (1689–1754) Chapter 3

English Parliament Parliament had two houses: The _________________- hereditary noblemen The __________________- lesser nobles, merchants, and mayors

Both houses were dominated by Landowners.

Parliament had the power to ________ ____________________________ King Charles I demanded taxes without _____________________ consent. Parliament felt the King was trying to _____________and the ___________ ______________________________

The Commons leader, Sir Edward Coke, came up with the ______________ The Commons leader, Sir Edward Coke, came up with the ______________...a statement of a person's fundamental rights which the King should agree to honor.

Angry about this, and other concessions, Charles dissolves Parliament in 1629. It will not meet for 11 years.

Parliament could only meet legally with a royal summons.

Even today, this tradition is honored by Queen Elizabeth II, who invites Parliament to sit each fall.

In 1642, The English Civil War begins. Charles continues to ________________ the Parliament and forces them to take a stand….

The Parliamentary forces were called _______________

The Royalist Forces were called _______________

Cromwell, the leader of Parliament defeated the Royalists and Charles was captured and executed

Bloodstained shirt of Charles I.

Cromwell refused the crown of England, saying he would be, instead, the Lord Protector

Cromwell died in 1658, and was succeeded by his son, Richard.

Richard was unable to control the country England looked to the dead King’s son, Charles II to return from France and restore the Monarchy.

Theory of Mercantilism A country should try to get and keep as much ____________, or gold and silver, as possible. To achieve this, a country’s _________________, or the difference between imports and exports, should show _______________________________.

Ex.) sugar, tobacco, indigo Navigation Acts (1660's) I’m bloody filthy rich! furniture lumber tools iron textiles cotton Most products could be sold only to England. Ex.) sugar, tobacco, indigo

All products going to the colonies had to first go through England where the products were taxed. spices tea tea spices

Effects on Trade Laws European countries fought over ____________and ________________. British rulers tightened controls over the American colonies. King James II tried to take direct control over New York and New England by creating the Dominion of New England.

Anger in the Colonies Colonists resented King’s power. When Parliament replaced James II with his daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange, New England citizens rebelled and ended the Dominion.

Origins of Self-Government The colonial legislatures held the most power. *_______________________________ _______________________________

The Policy of Salutary Neglect “Salutary neglect” was the ________________________ ________________________ The colonists govern themselves with ___________ ________________________ In turn, they were suppliers of raw materials for manufacture in England and as markets for those finished goods.

Colonial Economies

Southern Colonies This economy was based on staple crops, _______________________, both grown on large plantations worked by ____________.

Middle Colonies The economy was a mixture of ________ ____________________ _________________________supported the business of merchants, traders, and craftspeople.

New England Colonies The New England economy relied on “__________________.” Merchants carried crops and goods from one place to another. The business of trading goods between the Americas, Europe, and Africa, was called ______________.