A Mixed-Up Solar System Dr. Frank Summers Space Telescope Science Institute July 11, 2013.

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Presentation transcript:

A Mixed-Up Solar System Dr. Frank Summers Space Telescope Science Institute July 11, 2013

Scientific Plotting

A Mixed-Up Solar System

Maintaining Objectivity: Data without Identifiers

One Way to Look at Things: Single Characteristics

Observations Based on Plot A, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot A, objects in the solar system generally have few moons.

Observations Based on Plot B, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot B, objects in the solar system generally have mostly circular orbits.

Observations Based on Plot C, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot C, objects in the solar system generally have low inclination orbits.

Observations Based on Plot D, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot D, objects in the solar system have a wide range of distances from the Sun.

Observations Based on Plot E, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot E, objects in the solar system have a wide range of masses.

Observations Based on Plot F, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot F, objects in the solar system have a wide range of sizes.

Observations Objects in the solar system –[A] generally have few moons. –[B] generally have mostly circular orbits. –[C] generally have low inclination orbits. –[D] have a wide range of distances from the Sun. –[E] have a wide range of masses. –[F] have a wide range of sizes.

Relationships Between Characteristics It Takes Two to Tango:

Observations Based on Plot H, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot H, objects in the solar system with smaller/larger mass also have smaller/larger size.

Observations Based on Plot H, objects in the solar system with smaller/larger mass also have smaller/larger size. Based on Plot H, objects in the solar system show a tight, positive correlation between mass and size.

Observations Based on Plot H, objects in the solar system with smaller/larger mass also have smaller/larger size. Based on Plot H, objects in the solar system show a tight, positive correlation between mass and size. Based on Plot H, objects in the solar system have a narrow range of density.

Observations Based on Plot I, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot I, objects in the solar system that have a large orbit tilt tend to have a more elliptical orbit shape.

Observations Based on Plot I, objects in the solar system that have a large orbit tilt tend to have a more elliptical orbit shape. Based on Plot I, objects in the solar system show a loose, positive correlation between orbit tilt and orbit shape.

The Plot Thickens: Size vs Composition

Observations Based on Plot J, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot J, objects in the solar system with similar composition have similar sizes.

A Diabolical Plot Revealed: Size vs Distance

Observations Based on Plot K, objects in the solar system …

Observations Based on Plot K, objects in the solar system with similar distances from the Sun have similar sizes.

Observations Based on Plot K, objects in the solar system with similar distances from the Sun have similar sizes. Based on Plot J, objects in the solar system with similar composition have similar sizes.

gaseous ice and some rock rock and some ice rocky

What Does It All Mean: Groups and Common Traits

Observations Based on Plot K, objects in the solar system with similar distances from the Sun have similar sizes. Based on Plot J, objects in the solar system with similar composition have similar sizes. Based on Plot H, objects in the solar system with similar masses have similar sizes.

Observations Based on the data in this exercise, the organization of the solar system …

Observations Based on the data in this exercise, the organization of the solar system can be described as four groups of objects with similar mass, size, composition, and distance from the Sun.

Teacher Supplements

Makemake Haumea

Sun Rocky Planets Asteroid Belt Giant Planets Kuiper Belt Oort Cloud The 21 st Century Solar System