COLD WAR ??? Satellite Countries Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria, and Hungary Containment restrict Soviet expansion Domino Effect Greece Civil War Turkey link to Mediterranean Sea + = U.S. gives them $400 million To prevent Communism from taking over 1946

Truman Doctrine Support any country that wants to resist Communism Czechoslovakia falls to Communism 1948 Marshall Plan George Marshall - Sec. Of State Help economies and social aspects to prevent communism for taking over Aid Western Europe with $12.5 billion NATO 1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Alliance of non-Communist countries Warsaw Pact 1955 Alliance of Communist countries

Berlin Airlift- June 24, 1948 Soviets blockade all roads, canals, railways linking Berlin to W. Germany Intent: drive U.S., Britain, & France out of Berlin 10 months airliftMay 1949 Soviets end the blockade

China 1949 Chiang Kai-shek Nationalism Party Mao Zedong Communist Party People’s Republic of China Chiang retreats to Taiwan Republic of China U.S. recognized Republic of China

Korean War Background -Japanese rule U.S. & Soviets split Korea 38th parallel after WWII Kim Il Sung - North Korea People’s Republic of Korea Syngman Rhee - South Korea Republic of Korea June 25, 1950 North invades South United Nations & US support South North winning until…. Surprise attack on Inchon by US

STALEMATE President Eisenhower vs. General Mac Arthur Korea remains split Armistice, July 27, 1953 China enters the war South retreats to 38th parallel Push North back to Chinese border- Yalu River

Home Front - Cold War National Security Council advise to President CIA gathers information overseas Loyalty Review Board investigated all federal employees 1947 HUAC- House Committee on Un- American Activity

Joe McCarthy WI Senator McCarthism Army hearings Demogogue Censure Hollywood Ten Alger Hiss Julius & Ethel Rosenberg

United Nations Plan for Palestine Zionism 1948 Israel created as a country

Brinkmanship John Foster Dulles Sec. Of State Covert Secret actions Diplomacy Open talks & aid Guatemala 1954 Egypt 1955 Iran 1951 Eisenhower Doctrine 1957 give military aid Middle East

Nikita Khrushchev Moderate Hungary revolts 1956 Thaw U-2 Incident 1960 Gary Francis Powers

Weapons

Sputnik 1957 Explorer I National Defense Education Act Space Race Moon Landing 1969

New Frontier Increase government involvement Increase spending Decrease inflation Equal pay Man on the Moon Flexible Response Election 1960 JFK LBJ

CUBA Fidel Castro 1959 Communist 1960 Bay of Pigs 1961 rebel Cubans attack US help Khrushchev ultimatum June1961 Recognize E. Germany Remove troops from Berlin Berlin Wall Aug. 1961

Cuban Missile Crisis 1961 Oct U-2 planes see 4 missile sites Oct US naval blockade missiles armed Soviet ships heading there Oct Soviet ships turn around Oct Agree to... Cuba dismantles missiles US agrees to never invade Cuba remove missiles from Turkey Closest ever To Nuclear War!!!!

Détente 1970s SALT I

Cambodia Panama We give the canal back to them on Dec. 31, 1999 Nicaragua & El Salvador They become Communist! Oh No!!! Communist Cambodia takes U.S. ship Mayaguez. President Ford sends in the military. 41 die to save the crew of 40.

Grenada Grenada becomes Communist President Reagan send in troops to take back the country & college that had American students

Contras & Sandinistas Rebels who receive U.S. Communist government support, weapons, training

Iran-Contra Affair Ayatollah Khomeini Shah of Iran The leader the U.S. covertly put in power in He was a cruel leader the people didn’t like. He has cancer & comes to the U.S. for treatment. While the Shah is gone, he takes over Iran. He attacks the U.S. embassy. 52 Americans held hostage for 444 days President Carter negotiations. Hostages released the day President Reagan takes office. Congress says NO to any aid to Iran or Contras. Military sells 500 antitank missiles to Iran. To hide the sale & money, the money is given to the Contras. Congress finds out! White House Aide & Security Adviser take the blame. Supposedly President Reagan had no idea.

Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty air and underwater -US, USSR, Britain Hot Line Telephone between White House And Kremlin

Saddam Hussein attacks Kuwait. U.S. sends troops in to protect Kuwait. Norman Schwarzkopf U.S. General in command.

FALL OF COMMUNISM Mikhail Gorbachev 1985 new Soviet leader glasnost & perestrokia Economic openness. The beginning of the end! Poland Wants is freedom from Communist. It works!! 1989 Tiananmen Square Communist China violently puts down a student rebellion. He is run over by the tanks on world TV

1991 Dec. - Commonwealth of Independent States CIS 1989 Berlin Wall comes down Boris Yeltsin, becomes the Russian President when Gorbachev steps down in 1991.