Do Now Copy Vocabulary Subcontinent – A large land mass that juts out from a continent. India is considered a subcontinent Monsoon – The winds that blow across East Asia at certain times of the year, in summer they are very wet in winter they are dry unless they have crossed warm ocean currents Citadel – A fortress within a city Migrate – to relocate from one place to settle in another Caste – A social class of people Conscripted – forced into services, a draft is a form of conscription

The Taj Mahal Why was the Taj Mahal built? The Taj Mahal was built as a mausoleum for the wife of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. What did Sha Jahan do to the artisans that built the Taj Mahal? Legend says he had their hands cut off so they could never again create something this beautiful

India India’s development was heavily influenced by the Monsoon seasons, The Mountains and it’s direct access to oceans The shape of India hasn’t changed much over time

India India’s population is 1,156,897,766 (July 2010 est.) Slightly more than half of the work force is in agriculture. India has capitalized on its large educated English-speaking population to become a major exporter of information technology services and software workers 25% (2007 est.) live below the poverty line. That’s 289,224,442 in modern India living under the poverty line

2 Dominant Religions Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism –One of the Oldest religions in existence –National Religion of India –The religion of over 700 million people today Buddhism –A young man named Siddhartha Gautama a Hindu prince took many journey’s throughout the region –The suffering he witnessed troubled him –He gave up his wealth and family in order to find the causes of this suffering. –The next seven years of his life he traveled and founded a major world religion Buddhism. Interesting fact Phil Jackson coach of the Los Angeles Lakers is a practicing Buddhist

Hindu Gods The most important Hindu Gods are Brahma, the creator, Vishnu, the preserver, and Shiva the Destroyer. All of their gods are a part of the all powerful single force, “The Brahman” but Vishnu and Shiva are most widely worshiped.

Reincarnation Hindus believe that everything has a living soul and that when someone dies, the kind of life he lived will determine whether he comes back as a human, a human but in a lower caste or an animal. When someone lives a perfect life their soul ceases to return to earth

Buddhists beliefs Buddhists believe you need to find balance in life, often called “The Middle Way” which means avoiding the extremes of too much pleasure and too much worry about life Buddha encouraged the building of Monasteries where monks can teach, study and meditate.

Reading for purpose Read page 8 and answer the following questions When and where did India’s first civilization emerge? The Indus River Valley about 2600 B.C. What was the most dominant job in the Indus Valley? Farming What were the major exports of the Indus Valley? Cotton grain copper and pearls How and Why did the civilization in the Indus Valley fall? The Aryans invaded with superior weapons What were the social classes established by the Aryans? The priests, the warriors and the herders which include farmers artisans and merchants. They later added a class for farm workers, laborers, and servants What are social castes? A system in which a person is born into a social group in which they cannot leave What is polytheism? The belief in many gods

Copy Vocabulary Terms Loess – a type of soil that is yellow brown in color Dike – A protective wall that controls or holds back water Extended Family – closely related people of several generations such as brothers and sisters parents uncles aunts, grandparents and great-grandparents Places North China Plain- A large plain in North Asia built up by deposits of the Huang He Huang He – the Second larges river in China that floods every year when the mountain snow melts Yangzi River – The longest River in China and Asia and the third longest river in the world.

Video China Building the Great Wall — History.com Video What is central to the ancient Chinese religion system? Their Ancestors How long is the Great Wall of China It is over 4,500 miles History of the Great Wall (3:33) Was the Great Wall effective in protecting China? No it was taken by the Mongols and later by the Manchu Did the Chinese Discover America? — History.com Video Do you think it is possible that the Chinese crossed the Atlantic before Columbus?

Ancient China To the East China has the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea To the west China has the Kunlun Mountains and the Himalaya Mountains To the North is the Gobi Desert and the Tankla Makan Desert To the Southwest are the Himalaya Mountains and to the Southeast is the South China Sea What do you think happened because China was hard to reach?

Reading for purpose Read page 9 and answer the following questions What barriers kept China Isolated? High Mountains, Thick Jungles, Brutal Deserts and the Pacific Ocean What is a dynasty? A ruling family What is the mandate of heaven? It was the belief that the ruler had a divine right to rule What was the center of Chinese religious beliefs? The center of Chinese beliefs revolved around their ancestors and often called on the spirits of their ancestors What were some of the scientific and technological accomplishment of the early Chinese civilization? Astronomy, created an accurate calendar, bronze making, and made the first books.