Effects National Security Act passed CIA created House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) Root out Communist subversives in American Government Alger Hiss = Communist spy Julius and Ethel Rosenberg = Ran a spy ring executed
Second Red Scare Effects National Security Act passed CIA created House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) Root out Communist subversives in American Government Alger Hiss = Communist spy Julius and Ethel Rosenberg = Ran a spy ring executed
Radical senator from Wisconsin Extreme paranoia of Communists in American society and government Root out Communists Used House Un-American Activities Committee Hollywood Ten Hollywood Blacklist
McCarthyism Radical senator from Wisconsin Extreme paranoia of Communists in American society and government Root out Communists Used House Un-American Activities Committee Hollywood Ten Hollywood Blacklist
Eisenhower warned against American business prosperity linked to government military spending
Military-Industrial Complex Eisenhower warned against American business prosperity linked to government military spending
Development of Soviet Satellites in Eastern Europe Sputnik Communist Revolution in China Iron Curtain Berlin Blockade by Stalin Nuclear Arms Race US Develops Hydrogen Bomb & Soviet Union develops one shortly after
Causes of the Cold War Development of Soviet Satellites in Eastern Europe Sputnik Communist Revolution in China Iron Curtain Berlin Blockade by Stalin Nuclear Arms Race US Develops Hydrogen Bomb & Soviet Union develops one shortly after
National Defense Education Act U-2 Incident Korean War Second Red Scare Fallout Shelters Berlin Wall Bay of Pigs Cuban Missile Crisis McCarthyism Development of the CIA National Highway Act Selective Service Act of 1951 NATO Collective Security Domino Theory Vietnam
Effects of the Cold War Sputkik National Defense Education Act U-2 Incident Korean War Second Red Scare Fallout Shelters Berlin Wall Bay of Pigs Cuban Missile Crisis McCarthyism Development of the CIA National Highway Act Selective Service Act of 1951 NATO Collective Security Domino Theory Vietnam
Defoliant Kill vegetation
Agent Orange Vietnam Defoliant Kill vegetation
Sustained bombing campaign of North Vietnam Code name Burn jungles to root out Vietcong Vietcong used jungles as cover
Operation Rolling Thunder Sustained bombing campaign of North Vietnam Code name Burn jungles to root out Vietcong Vietcong used jungles as cover
LB Johnson Social reform program “War on Poverty” Programs included Economic Opportunity Act VISTA Medicare and Medicaid Elementary and Secondary Education Act Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) National Endowment for the Humanities
Great Society LB Johnson Social reform program “War on Poverty” Programs included Economic Opportunity Act VISTA Medicare and Medicaid Elementary and Secondary Education Act Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) National Endowment for the Humanities
Groups who were helped most by Great Society
Minorities and poor Groups who were helped most by Great Society
Stopped East Germans from fleeing to West Berlin Stood as a symbol of Communism
Berlin Wall Stopped East Germans from fleeing to West Berlin Stood as a symbol of Communism
Non-violent protest Civil disobedience Three men who were leaders
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Gandhi, and Thoreau Non-violent protest Civil disobedience Three men who were leaders
Limited president’s ability to authorize war Cause LB Johnson’s escalation Vietnam protests in US
War Powers Act Limited president’s ability to authorize war Cause LB Johnson’s escalation Vietnam protests in US
Marines Killed unarmed villagers in Vietnam Burned village Caused a new round of protests at home
My Lai Massacre Marines Killed unarmed villagers in Vietnam Burned village Caused a new round of protests at home
Reject white society Build a separate culture Gain rights through force African-American militant leader Nation of Islam
Malcolm X Reject white society Build a separate culture Gain rights through force African-American militant leader Nation of Islam
Cut taxes Aid to poor Promote space program John F. Kennedy’s domestic program
New Frontier Cut taxes Aid to poor Promote space program John F. Kennedy’s domestic program
Levitte Towns Middle class moved to White prosperity
Suburbs Levitte Towns Middle class moved to White prosperity
Poll tax illegal
24 th Amendment Poll tax illegal
Prohibited segregation in public accommodations Law
Civil Rights Act of 1964 Prohibited segregation in public accommodations Law
Truman passed Ended discrimination in armed services
Executive Order 8802 Truman passed Ended discrimination in armed services
Segregation by law Jim Crow Laws
De jure Segregation Segregation by law Jim Crow Laws
Upheld Brown v. Board Eisenhower sent troops Nine students integrated Central High
Little Rock Nine Upheld Brown v. Board Eisenhower sent troops Nine students integrated Central High
Investigated Kennedy’s assassination Ruled that Lee Harvey Oswald was a lone gunman
Warren Commission Investigated Kennedy’s assassination Ruled that Lee Harvey Oswald was a lone gunman
Supreme Court Desegregation of schools
Brown v. Board Supreme Court Desegregation of schools
Bus boycott Montgomery, Alabama Rosa Parks refused to give up seat Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Leader
Montgomery Bus Boycott Bus boycott Montgomery, Alabama Rosa Parks refused to give up seat Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Leader
Soviets first in space Sputnik 1 st satellite Yuri Gagarin 1 st in orbit Desire of US to beat Soviets to the moon Creation of NASA Kennedy’s challenge to be first to the Moon
Space Race Soviets first in space Sputnik 1 st satellite Yuri Gagarin 1 st in orbit Desire of US to beat Soviets to the moon Creation of NASA Kennedy’s challenge to be first to the Moon
Neil Armstrong “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” Statement represents a great advance in human understanding Beat the Soviets to it
Moon Neil Armstrong “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” Statement represents a great advance in human understanding Beat the Soviets to it
Latin America Promote democracy Kennedy’s plan Replaced Monroe Doctrine
Alliance for Progress Latin America Promote democracy Kennedy’s plan Replaced Monroe Doctrine
Cuba Soviets tried to place nuclear missiles in Cuba and finally removed them Brinkmanship Naval Blockade Test ban Treaty ended Limit nuclear testing Hot line between White House & Kremlin
Cuban Missile Crisis Cuba Soviets tried to place nuclear missiles in Cuba and finally removed them Brinkmanship Naval Blockade Test ban Treaty ended Limit nuclear testing Hot line between White House & Kremlin
Eisenhower Passed after Soviets launched Sputnik Money to increase math and science studies
National Defense Education Act Eisenhower Passed after Soviets launched Sputnik Money to increase math and science studies
Made segregation illegal African Americans received the vote African Americans could run for office African Americans gained a new sense of ethnic pride Spread to other minorities
Civil Rights Movement Made segregation illegal African Americans received the vote African Americans could run for office African Americans gained a new sense of ethnic pride Spread to other minorities
Ended US involvement in Vietnam US troops withdrew POW’s released Military activities ended in Laos and Cambodia 17 th parallel dividing line
Paris Peace Accords Ended US involvement in Vietnam US troops withdrew POW’s released Military activities ended in Laos and Cambodia 17 th parallel dividing line
“take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States…” Johnson Escalation Vietnam
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution “take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States…” Johnson Escalation Vietnam
One country falls to communism, others in region will fall Eisenhower US involvement in Vietnam
Domino Theory One country falls to communism, others in region will fall Eisenhower US involvement in Vietnam
Agency Exploration of space
NASA Agency Exploration of space
1 st African American major league baseball player
Jackie Robinson 1 st African American major league baseball player
African American Supreme Court Justice
Thurgood Marshall African American Supreme Court Justice
“Separate but equal” Supreme Court case after Reconstruction
Plessy v. Ferguson “Separate but equal” Supreme Court case after Reconstruction
Desegregated University of Mississippi African American Veteran Received the GI Bill
James Meredith Desegregated University of Mississippi African American Veteran Received the GI Bill
Civil Rights Leader Used Civil Disobedience Montgomery Bus Boycott March on Washington to support Kennedy’s Civil Rights bill “I Have A Dream”
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Civil Rights Leader Used Civil Disobedience Montgomery Bus Boycott March on Washington to support Kennedy’s Civil Rights bill “I Have A Dream”
Health care for the poor
Medicaid Health care for the poor
Health care for the elderly
Medicare Health care for the elderly
Saigon fell to Communist North Vietnam North Vietnam defeated South Vietnam
End of Vietnam War Saigon fell to Communist North Vietnam North Vietnam defeated South Vietnam
US involvement in Vietnam began when this country signed the Geneva Accords Created Cambodia and Laos Vietnam divided at 17 th Parallel
French US involvement in Vietnam began when this country signed the Geneva Accords Created Cambodia and Laos Vietnam divided at 17 th Parallel
Official documents made public Revealed that the executive branch (Johnson) had lied to Congress about Vietnam Published in New York Times Shocked and appalled public
Pentagon Papers Official documents made public Revealed that the executive branch (Johnson) had lied to Congress about Vietnam Published in New York Times Shocked and appalled public
Government agency Spies Gather information about foreign governments
CIA Government agency Spies Gather information about foreign governments
Student Protests After US invaded Cambodia and Laos College campus National Guard opened fire on protestors after they threw rocks
Kent State Student Protests After US invaded Cambodia and Laos College campus National Guard opened fire on protestors after they threw rocks
Vietnamese New Year Vietcong attacked key points Capital of Saigon US Military Victory: won battle Vietcong psychological Victory: made Americans at home doubt if Vietnam could be won
Tet Offensive Vietnamese New Year Vietcong attacked key points Capital of Saigon US Military Victory: won battle Vietcong psychological Victory: made Americans at home doubt if Vietnam could be won
Leader of Vietcong Communist
Ho Chi Minh Leader of Vietcong Communist
Wrote: The Feminine Mystique Said women were unhappy being homemakers in the 1950s Helped start the Women’s Movement of the 1960s and 1970s
Betty Friedan Wrote: The Feminine Mystique Said women were unhappy being homemakers in the 1950s Helped start the Women’s Movement of the 1960s and 1970s
Organized Migrant workers Non-violent protests
Cesar Chavez Organized Migrant workers Non-violent protests
Free Love Valued and promoted personal freedom and individuality British Invasion The Beatles The Rolling Stones Woodstock Rock concert turned violent Andy Warhol: Pop Art Drugs
Counter Culture Free Love Valued and promoted personal freedom and individuality British Invasion The Beatles The Rolling Stones Woodstock Rock concert turned violent Andy Warhol: Pop Art Drugs
President
American Indian Movement Dennis Banks and George Mitchell Rights of Native Americans Second Occupation of Wounded Knee
Rode desegregated on buses through the south Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) organized
Freedom Riders Rode desegregated on buses through the south Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) organized
Benefited minority groups Preferential job hiring & college placement Purpose = equalize years of discrimination
Affirmative Action Benefited minority groups Preferential job hiring & college placement Purpose = equalize years of discrimination
Reagan Military missile defense system Re-started arms race between US & USSR
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) “Star Wars” Reagan Military missile defense system Re-started arms race between US & USSR
First female Supreme Court Justice Appointed by Reagan
Sandra Day O’Connor First female Supreme Court Justice Appointed by Reagan
Economic collapse of the Soviet Union US only Superpower in world
End of Cold War Economic collapse of the Soviet Union US only Superpower in world
Wrote: Silent Spring Environmentalism Toxic waste effects on environment
Rachel Carson Wrote: Silent Spring Environmentalism Toxic waste effects on environment
September 11, 2001 Terrorists hijacked planes World Trade Center Pentagon attacked US Capital attacked
9/11 September 11, 2001 Terrorists hijacked planes World Trade Center Pentagon attacked US Capital attacked
Liberation of Kuwait Persian Gulf War Code name for attack of Iraq
Operation Desert Storm Liberation of Kuwait Persian Gulf War Code name for attack of Iraq
Détente with Soviet Union and China major accomplishment SALTI signed Limited development of nuclear weapons Visited China Vietmanization fighting to Vietnamese troops Economic policy to deal with Stagflation Wage and Price Freeze Watergate Impeached Resigned to escape conviction for crimes
Nixon Détente with Soviet Union and China major accomplishment SALTI signed Limited development of nuclear weapons Visited China Vietnamization Turning over Vietnam fighting to Vietnamese troops Economic policy to deal with Stagflation Wage and Price Freeze Watergate Impeached Resigned to escape conviction for crimes
CREEP broke into hotel Steal Democrat Campaign secrets arrested Information about break-in leaked to Washington Post Carl Bernstein Bob Woodward Nixon used Plumbers to cover-up Nixon face Impeachment resigned
Watergate CREEP broke into hotel Steal Democrat Campaign secrets arrested Information about break-in leaked to Washington Post Carl Bernstein Bob Woodward Nixon used Plumbers to cover-up Nixon face Impeachment resigned
Political movement that grew out of Baby Boomers Rejected traditional views Called for government action to bring about radical social change
New Left Political movement that grew out of Baby Boomers Rejected traditional views Called for government action to bring about radical social change
1 st peace time draft Cause = Cold War Build strong military Caused Vietnam protests
Selective Service Act of st peace time draft Cause = Cold War Build strong military Caused Vietnam protests
Theory that men and women are politically, socially and economically equal
Feminism Theory that men and women are politically, socially and economically equal
Began when Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait Operation Desert Shield Became Operation Desert Storm
Persian Gulf War Began when Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait Operation Desert Shield Became Operation Desert Storm
Not elected as president 25 th Amendment enabled Nixon to appoint him because Spiro Agnew (Vice-President) resigned Stagflation WIN (Whip Inflation Now) Conservation Pardoned Nixon
Ford Not elected as president 25 th Amendment enabled Nixon to appoint him because Spiro Agnew (Vice-President) resigned Stagflation WIN (Whip Inflation Now) Conservation Pardoned Nixon
President Promoted global human rights Outsider in Washington Deregulation of airline industry Camp David Accords Peace between Egypt and Isreal Iran Hostage Crisis led to Reagan defeating him in the 1980 Election
Carter President Promoted global human rights Outsider in Washington Deregulation of airline industry Camp David Accords Peace between Egypt and Isreal Iran Hostage Crisis led to Reagan defeating him in the 1980 Election
President New Right Coalition Conservativism Formed by the Moral Majority Leader: Jerry Falwell Helped him get elected Supply-Side Economics Increase supply of goods to decrease prices Trickle Down Theory Backed policies to benefit business Cut business taxes
Reagan President New Right Coalition Conservativism Formed by the Moral Majority Leader: Jerry Falwell Helped him get elected Supply-Side Economics Increase supply of goods to decrease prices Trickle Down Theory Backed policies to benefit business Cut business taxes
Would have made sexual discrimination illegal Passed Congress Was not Ratified by the States
Equal Rights Amendment Would have made sexual discrimination illegal Passed Congress Was not Ratified by the States
Mikhail Gorbachev Economic restructuring of economy to allow free enterprise Led to the collapse of Communism
Perestroika Mikhail Gorbachev Economic restructuring of economy to allow free enterprise Led to the collapse of Communism
Mikhail Gorbachev Political openness Led to the collapse of Communism
Glastnost Mikhail Gorbachev Political openness Led to the collapse of Communism
Carter’s administration US let Shah of Iran in US for medical treatment Iranian mob stormed US Embassy and took hostages Carter could not negotiate release
Iran Hostage Crisis Carter’s administration US let Shah of Iran in US for medical treatment Iranian mob stormed US Embassy and took hostages Carter could not negotiate release
During Reagan’s administration Purpose = fight Communism Nicaragua Communist government = Sandinistas US support for Nicaraguan rebels (Contras) Using money from arms sales to Iran to fund Contras military training Oliver North key figure to most of the blame
Iran-Contra Affair During Reagan’s administration Purpose = fight Communism Nicaragua Communist government = Sandinistas US support for Nicaraguan rebels (Contras) Using money from arms sales to Iran to fund Contras military training Oliver North key figure to most of the blame
President Appointed Clarence Thomas Second African-American appointed to Supreme Court Persian Gulf War
George H.W. Bush President Appointed Clarence Thomas Second African-American appointed to Supreme Court Persian Gulf War
President New Democrats moderate NAFTA (The North American Free Trade Agreement) Removed trade restrictions between US, Canada & Mexico Republicans created: Contract With America Cut taxes and balance the budget Scandal Whitewater Monica Lewinski Impeachment: second president in history to be impeached
Clinton President New Democrats moderate NAFTA (The North American Free Trade Agreement) Removed trade restrictions between US, Canada & Mexico Republicans created: Contract With America Cut taxes and balance the budget Scandal Whitewater Monica Lewinski Impeachment: second president in history to be impeached
Education No Child Left Behind Elementary and Secondary Education Act 9/11 Twin Towers Al-Qaeda Osama bin Laden US Embassy Bombings War on Terror Department of Homeland Security Airline security increased PATRIOT ACT Operation Enduring Freedom Afghanistan after the Taliban War in Iraq Saddam Hussein had ties to Al-Qaeda and possessed weapons of mass destruction North Korea nuclear weapons
George W. Bush Education No Child Left Behind Elementary and Secondary Education Act 9/11 Twin Towers Al-Qaeda Osama bin Laden US Embassy Bombings War on Terror Department of Homeland Security Airline security increased PATRIOT ACT Operation Enduring Freedom Afghanistan after the Taliban War in Iraq Saddam Hussein had ties to Al-Qaeda and possessed weapons of mass destruction North Korea nuclear weapons
Supreme Court Case Reverse discrimination Less qualified minority candidates received preferential admission to universities Supreme Court said that racial quotas were unconstitutional
Regents of UC v. Bakke Supreme Court Case Reverse discrimination Less qualified minority candidates received preferential admission to universities Supreme Court said that racial quotas were unconstitutional
Supreme Court Case Flag Burning Constitutional 1 st Amendment Freedom of Speech
Texas v. Johnson Supreme Court Case Flag Burning Constitutional 1 st Amendment Freedom of Speech
Supreme Court Case Microsoft illegal monopoly
US v. Microsoft Supreme Court Case Microsoft illegal monopoly
Supreme Court Case Bussing constitutional
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education Supreme Court Case Bussing constitutional
Guaranteed equality between men and women in federally funded schools Girls could try-out and be on boys teams if a girls team was not available
Title IX Guaranteed equality between men and women in federally funded schools Girls could try-out and be on boys teams if a girls team was not available
Law Public accommodations must be accessible to physically disabled Cannot discriminate against disabled Accessible public transportation
Americans with Disabilities Act Law Public accommodations must be accessible to physically disabled Cannot discriminate against disabled Accessible public transportation