REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved C12/23/11 Emergency Response A Communications Perspective

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Introduction When the situation gets complicated, you pick up a phone and discuss options with others. What happens if you can’t? “Foot Dragging” at its best

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Introduction Many disasters may disable or completely destroy communications systems and infrastructures Disasters always occur when you are not prepared You cannot imagine the composition of the disaster A response is only possible if you are able to communicate and are prepared The immediate solution following a disaster needs to be instant communications: satellite connectivity, radios, generators and solar power Lives can be saved within the first few hours or days — but only if you are prepared with instant communications

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Presentation Agenda We’ll look at: What’s Left After a Disaster Types of Disasters and Emergencies REDCOM Experiences Preparation & Planning Suitable Solutions Phases of Disaster Recovery Generally, nobody is prepared!

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 What’s Left After a Disaster Potential Losses Antennae/Masts Outside Plant Wires /Internet Servers Switching Buildings Latent Damage Water Ash/Dust Over Voltage Corrosive Residue For planning purposes, assume a total loss

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 Operating Environment After a Disaster Environment Hot (No A/C) Humid/Wet Dirty/Dusty High Winds Limited Resources Food Transportation Power/Fuel Shelter Spare Parts/Long Lead Time Most disasters create similar conditions Disasters are unpredictable! Prepare for all conditions!

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Three Mile Island Nuclear Accident Unencrypted Police and Fire Radios Unencrypted public official communications CNN brought in RYDER fiberglass truck filled with scanners to monitor official communications Broadcast sensitive information before even public officials could be briefed Hydrogen Bubble Hysteria created by CNN Uninformed speculation broadcast to the public before any credible nuclear experts had an opportunity to assess the situation Police radio network use terminated; runners used

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Loma Prieta Earthquake Incident State Disaster Reporting System crashed (literally) Disc drives destroyed due to shaking causing head crash Took days to make repairs and re-boot systems City CENTREX phone system “died” as central offices batteries depleted because generators failed or were out of service Old retired telephone cordboard in city hall basement was hastily reactivated to allow comms to fire and police stations Major underground disaster center put out of action because its emergency generators were natural gas driven and area gas main “shake valves” closed, cutting off fuel. PG&E officials couldn’t communicate due to phone damage and Telco outages Outside area coordination calls could not get into the region

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Disaster: Earthquakes It’s not “if” but “when” Selected Major Earthquakes in 2011: Christchurch, New Zealand (Feb.) Myanmar-China Border (March) Tohoku, Japan (March) Shan State, Myanmar (March) Fergana Valley (July) India-Nepal Border (Sept.) Van, Turkey (Oct. & Nov.)

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Disaster: Cyclones Common in the South Pacific Major Cyclones: Manihiki, Cook Islands 1997 Vava’u 2002 Chuuk 2002 Guam 2003 Tikopia 2003 Eastern Fiji 2003 Tongatapu 2003

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Disaster: Volcanoes Major Volcanic Eruptions: Rabaul 1994 Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines, 1991 Mayon Volcano, Philippines, 2009 Iceland, 2010 Mt. Bulusan, Philippines, 2011

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 Disaster: Lightning Helps to identify grounding faults, fast! The bane of technicians everywhere! Recurs frequently Can cause equipment loss and latent damage

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 REDCOM Experiences We supply and support the world’s response teams Customers: Dept. of Energy (Atomic) NATO Federal Emergency Mgt. Agency UN High Commission for Refugees UN Development Program Nippon Telegraph & Telephone NASA Alascom Honduras Ministry of Health Worldwide Armed Forces Los Angeles Fire Department Dade Co. (Florida) Embedded REDCOM Response: Mt. Pinatubo 1991 NY Ice Storm 1991 Cook Is. Fire 1992 Mid-USA Flood 1992 Space Vehicle Crash 1994 Kobe Earthquake 1995 Peace Keeping Rwanda 1994 Bosnia 1996 East Timor 1999 Honduras Cyclone 1998 Terrorism 11 Sept 2001 White House 2001 Hurricane Katrina 2005

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Preparation & Planning Preparation starts NOW Unfortunately most disaster planning doesn’t actually start until the disaster strikes Financial Planning Often funding is released after the disaster Unfortunately, funding may be channeled elsewhere afterwards

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Technical Preparation Prepare and test the response equipment Use familiar equipment where possible Keep the equipment away from needy hands Keep cables and connectors with the equipment Store with related equipment in the same boxes Do as much configuration & programming as possible now Reserve satellite spectrum for emergency communications Will response equipment interface with surviving equipment?

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 Suitable Response Equipment Parameters Must Operate in Hostile Environments Water Considerations Waterproof Water Resistant Containers Humidity Temperature Considerations 100% Operational to 45° C Not Reliant on A/C Ash/Dirt/Dust Considerations Avoid Fans & Filters Avoid Tape & Disk Drives

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 Suitable Response Equipment Parameters Wind Considerations Masts/Antennae Not Deployable GSM Not Deployable Limited Power/Fuel Generators Solar Power Transportation Shock Resistant Lightweight Small Interfaces Quick connect ability Subscriber lines LSRD/GSRD (simplicity) VSAT Radio Modems Stand-alone cellular

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 Suitable Equipment for Disaster Recovery REDCOM Rapid Response System Radio Networks Channel assignments Interconnect through switch Telephones Spooled Waterproof Cable Satellite Modems Generator Fuel & Oil Solar or Hybrid Computers Access

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 Suitable Equipment for Disaster Recovery Multiple Sub-Networks Integrate Access to Gateway Flexible Gateway Microwave LSRD = Long Haul Point-to-Point Wireless Subscriber Computers/Routers Operator Center Locate Phone Book

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 REDCOM Portable Communications Systems

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Disasters: The Recovery Where’s my service? Response Phases: First Response Team Crisis Management Relief Agency Support Service Restoration

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 Disaster Response Phase One First Response Team Evaluation Role May be On-Site During Event Prepared for Short Duration Stay Light Transport Communications Minimal Equipment Local Communications No or Minimal Backhaul Self Sufficient Power Solar Solar Hybrid

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 Disaster Response Phase Two Crisis Management Multi-Discipline Limited Transport Single Command Point Integration of Communication Elements Relay Needs to Home Communications Central Telephone System Organized Radio Networks Higher Bandwidth to Home Limited Backhaul Localized Limited Power

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 Disaster Response Phase Three Relief Agency Support Multiple Agencies Extensive Equipment Requirements Communications Network Should be Interconnected Multiple Interfaces International Relay Required Who’s Paying?

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 25 Disaster Response Phase Four Replacement & Cleanup Can the response package be left on- site? Is there equipment that survived? Will it integrate with existing Network? Can response package be replaced? Emergency crews want to go home Who owns what? Ensure your equipment is marked Equipment Make sure service is available Re-package properly Keep connectors & cables Sort out at home immediately

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 Conclusion Start planning now Plan for all types and levels of disaster Create Disaster Response Package(s) Have a plan for means and level of response Be prepared to provide service You must act now! Waiting may be deadly!

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 27 Contact Information Headquarters United States of America One Redcom Center, Victor, New York Phone: Web site: International Germany Otto Ruppricht Murrhardter Straße 28, Backnang Phone: Mobile: International Far East Tech Support Tun-Hua South Rd. Section 2 No. 59, 12 th Floor -1, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. Phone:

REDCOM Proprietary. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 Disclosure The information presented in this presentation is subject to change without notice or obligation. Content produced by third parties is not necessarily endorsed or supported by REDCOM. The REDCOM name, logo, SLICE ®, and TRANSip ® are registered trademarks of REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. ClusterNet™, CommandSet™ and SLICE ® 2100™ are trademarks of REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. CLASS SM is a service mark of Telcordia Technologies, Inc. REDCOM products are covered by one or more U.S. and international patents. ©2011 REDCOM Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved.