Winter Survival Techniques B M O C

Targeted Learning Objectives The student: Will understand and demonstrate the roles of positive attitude and planning as keys to survival. Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to make a shelter. Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to start a fire. Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to collect and boil water for drinking and cooking. B M O C B M O C

S it T hink O rganize P lan When Reality Sets IN WE don’t plan to fail But WE do fail to plan! S it T hink O rganize P lan B M O C B M O C

Equipment Your Body: The Most Important Item! Only so much energy Stay or get physically fit Manage your sweat Treat blisters/injuries IMMEDIATELY Maintain personal hygiene B M O C B M O C

Equipment Review Get QUALITY equipment Test it and maintain it Everything should have more than 1 use. A lighter load saves energy and improves overall performance Use lithium batteries. Select gear that all uses the same or at most two battery sizes. Practice using it. B M O C

3 Levels of Defense/Survival What are the 3 Levels of Defense/Survival? Any Ideas? B M O C B M O C

3 Levels of Defense/Survival Level One:What is attached to your body Fire starting Light Cord Signal, if you can’t whistle B M O C B M O C

3 Levels of Defense/Survival Level Two What is in your duty belt or in your pockets B M O C B M O C

3 Levels of Defense/Survival Level Three What is in your pack B M O C B M O C

Shelters A good shelter Provides the most protection For the least amount of energy expended Is the smallest size to meet needs And should be the first priority. B M O C B M O C

Shelter Types Emergency: immediate, short term protection. Less than 10 minutes to build B M O C B M O C

Shelter Types: Natural BUT avoid caves during thunderstorms! B M O C B M O C

Shelter Types: Natural B M O C B M O C

Shelter Types: Tarps Biggest mistake is to make it too big and too open. B M O C B M O C

Tarp or poncho alone Lower back end into the wind. Must be taut to keep from flapping and to hold snow. B M O C

Tarp tent B M O C

How to set up tarp Video on line Click on text link for Internet version, on picture if you have the video file. The next 3 slides are all taken from YouTube Click anywhere outside the picture to advance to the next slide. B M O C

Snow shelters Can be combined with tarps or other roof types. Pitch a tarp tent but dig down for more room. The more you dig, the wetter you get. Expends more energy to build Very warm and good for longer stays. B M O C

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Snow cave B M O C

Quinzee B M O C

Fire Starters B M O C B M O C

Show Fire Building DVD B M O C

Water You can go weeks without food but only 3 days without water Even minor dehydration Makes you more susceptible to hypothermia and frostbite. Clouds rational thought Compromises performance Urine should run clear: you shouldn’t be able to make yellow snow! B M O C B M O C

Water You need at least 3 to 6 quarts per day, depending on activity level Water uptake is in the small intestine. You must drink at least 1 cup (6 to 8 gulps) of water to get the stomach to empty into the small intestine. Any less just sits in the stomach. Your body can process only 1 cup of water every 20 to 30 minutes. Teams should regularly plan a stop at least every 1 to 1½ hours to hydrate, adjust clothing and to eat. B M O C

Water Purification Most problems blamed on bad water came from your dirty hands. Wash hands or use sanitizer. Biggest issues are Giardia and Cryptosporidium Parasites; 10 day incubation. Properly treat all water, if possible. Boiling (best) UV lights – reliable but need batteries Filters – check often Chlorine Dioxide – NOT iodine If you cannot treat it, drink anyway. Dehydration more dangerous than bugs. B M O C B M O C

Water Sources What you carry Nearby streams Lakes are cleaner. UV from sun purifies upper 2”inch layer on ponds and lakes. Melting snow Need a container to melt snow and/or boil water. Simple can with wire bail. B M O C

Water Containers At least one with a wide mouth that can hold boiling water. Water bladders freeze easily and need regular cleaning. B M O C B M O C

Questions? B M O C B M O C

Field Practice Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to make a shelter. Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to start a fire. Use equip/supplies on site and worn or from pack to collect and boil water for drinking and cooking. B M O C