20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 1 Barry Barish Madrid, Spain 20-Jan-09 Designing the ILC ATF-2 Final Doublet System

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 2 2 Introduction to the ILC Global Design Effort The motivation: science potential Status and plans Key elements of the accelertor R&D and design effort Detectors Final Remarks Outline

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 3 Why e + e - Collisions ? elementary particles well-defined –energy, –angular momentum uses full COM energy produces particles democratically can mostly fully reconstruct events

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 4 LHC: Low mass Higgs: H  gg  M H < 150 GeV/c 2  Rare decay channel: BR ~  Requires excellent electromagnetic calorimeter performance  acceptance, energy and angle resolution,  g/jet and g/p 0 separation  Motivation for LAr/PbWO 4 calorimeters for CMS  Resolution at 100 GeV:  1 GeV  Background large: S/B  1:20, but can estimate from non signal areas CMS

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 5 ILC: Precision Higgs physics  Model-independent Studies mass absolute branching ratios total width spin top Yukawa coupling self coupling  Precision Measurements Garcia-Abia et al

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 6 The linear collider will measure the spin of any Higgs it can produce by measuring the energy dependence from threshold How do you know you have discovered the Higgs ? Measure the quantum numbers. The Higgs must have spin zero !

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 7 Precision measurements of the Higgs? Precision measurements of Higgs coupling Higgs Coupling strength is proportional to Mass

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 8 Studying the Higgs SM 2HDM/MSSM Yamashita et al Zivkovic et al Determine the underlying model

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 9 How the physics defines the ILC

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 10 Parameters for the ILC E cm adjustable from 200 – 500 GeV Luminosity  ∫ Ldt = 500 fb -1 in 4 years Ability to scan between 200 and 500 GeV Energy stability and precision below 0.1% Electron polarization of at least 80% The machine must be upgradeable to 1 TeV

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 11 ILC – Underlying Technology Room temperature copper structures OR Superconducting RF cavities

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 12 SCRF Technology Recommendation The recommendation of ITRP was presented to ILCSC & ICFA on August 19, 2004 in a joint meeting in Beijing. ICFA unanimously endorsed the ITRP’s recommendation on August 20, 2004

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 13 Superconducting RF Technology Forward looking technology for the next generation of particle accelerators: particle physics; nuclear physics; materials; medicine The ILC R&D is leading the way Superconducting RF technology –high gradients; low noise; precision optics

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 14 Designing a Linear Collider Superconducting RF Main Linac

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 15 Luminosity & Beam Size f rep * n b tends to be low in a linear collider Achieve luminosity with spot size and bunch charge

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 16 Low emittance machine optics Contain emittance growth Squeeze the beam as small as possible Achieving High Luminosity ~ 5 nm Interaction Point (IP) e-e- e+e+

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 17 –11km SC linacs operating at 31.5 MV/m for 500 GeV –Centralized injector Circular damping rings for electrons and positrons Undulator-based positron source –Single IR with 14 mrad crossing angle –Dual tunnel configuration for safety and availability ILC Reference Design Reference Design – Feb 2007 Documented in Reference Design Report

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 18 RDR Design Parameters Max. Center-of-mass energy500GeV Peak Luminosity~2x /cm 2 s Beam Current9.0mA Repetition rate5Hz Average accelerating gradient31.5MV/m Beam pulse length0.95ms Total Site Length31km Total AC Power Consumption~230MW

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 19 ILC RDR – A Complete Concept Reference Design Report (4 volumes) Executive Summary Physics at the ILC Accelerator Detectors

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 20 Global Design Effort 20 RDR Design Parameters Max. Center-of-mass energy500GeV Peak Luminosity~2x /cm 2 s Beam Current9.0mA Repetition rate5Hz Average accelerating gradient31.5MV/m Beam pulse length0.95ms Total Site Length31km Total AC Power Consumption~230MW

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 21 Next: Build a Solid Technical Design Complete crucial R&D to reduce technical risk –SCRF gradient; final focus; electron cloud Optimize the ILC design for coherence, simplicity and cost / performance –Minimum Machine Develop capability to industrialize, construct ILC worldwide and develop international model for governance –Project Implementation Plan

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 22 ILC-GDE Organization Chart SCRF -ML G-CFS AS EU AM AS ILCSCFALC ILC-GDE Director Regional Directors Project Managers AAP PAC FALC-RG Director’s Office = ~ Central Team = ~ EC Experts Project. M. Office - EDMS - Cost & Schedule - Machine Detector Interface - ILC, XFEL, Project X liaison - ILC Communications

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 23 Global Design Effort 23 TD Phase 1 Timescale: Interim report mid 2010 Major theme: High-priority risk-mitigating R&D and studies of cost reduction ideas –R&D demonstrations of critical items –Minimum design -- top down cost/performance optimizaton to develop a new baseline by 2010 –Studies of governance models for a global project –Development of a site selection plan with ILCSC –Or how do we reduce the time to construction start and therefore to physics results?

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 24 Global Design Effort 24 Timescale: Produce report by mid-2012 First goal: New baseline design –SCRF – S1 Test of one RF unit –Detailed technical design studies – –Updated VALUE estimate and schedule –Remaining critical R&D and technology demonstration Second Goal: Project Implementation Plan. TD Phase 2

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 25 Global Design Effort 25 R&D Plan - Technical Design Phase First Official Release June 08 A 50 page document with details of all programs and schedules New: Release 3 Global Design Effort

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 26 Detector Concepts Report

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 27 detector B may be accessible during run accessible during run Platform for electronic and services (~10*8*8m). Shielded (~0.5m of concrete) from five sides. Moves with detector. Also provide vibration isolation. Push-Pull Concept for two detectors The concept is evolving and details being worked out detector A

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 28 Detector Performance Goals ILC detector performance requirements and comparison to the LHC detectors: ○ Inner vertex layer ~ 3-6 times closer to IP ○ Vertex pixel size ~ 30 times smaller ○ Vertex detector layer ~ 30 times thinner Impact param resolution Δd = 5 [μm] + 10 [μm] / (p[GeV] sin 3/2θ) ○ Material in the tracker ~ 30 times less ○ Track momentum resolution ~ 10 times better Momentum resolution Δp / p 2 = 5 x [GeV -1 ] central region Δp / p 2 = 3 x [GeV -1 ] forward region ○ Granularity of EM calorimeter ~ 200 times better Jet energy resolution ΔE jet / E jet = 0.3 /√E jet Forward Hermeticity down to θ = 5-10 [mrad]

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 29 Detector Performance Goals

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 30 Detector Performance Goals

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 31 Detector Plans

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 32 Detector Plans

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 33 Final Remarks The accelerator design is now in the technical design phase, which will culminate in 2012 with completion of crucial R&D and optimized cost / performance / risk design (see M Ross – next talk) The physics simulations and detector development are equally challenging. There are opportunities in fundamental detector R&D, in detector design, simulations, etc The science motivation for a lepton collider is very strong. We await LHC for validation, and then we should be ready to make a strong proposal.

20-Jan-09 Madrid, Spain Global Design Effort 34 Final Comment Over the next few years we must put together an irresistible case to achieve our dream of building a new major global particle accelerator You may ask whether we have the will, motivation and strength to succeed?? Borrowing from hope, success and inspiration of our new U.S. president (by 6pm tonite). YES WE CAN!!