September 6, 2012 Learning Target(s) – I will be able to identify nine European explorers and explain their contributions to exploration. Agenda – Prominent Explorers Determining Importance Stations – Monuments to Exploration

Bell Ringer #11 1) The Crusades indirectly contributed to the discovery of the new world by – A. forcing the religious conversion of the Muslim people. – B. forcing the Turks to flee from Constantinople. – C. stimulating European demand for goods from the East. – D. increasing the power of the feudal lords. 2) Which of the following best describes how the fall of feudalism led to the Age of Exploration? – A. The fall of feudalism caused a increase in the number of Asian immigrants, which encouraged many Europeans to leave Europe. – B. The fall of feudalism caused the formation of a middle class that looked to the sea as a source of profit. – C. The fall of feudalism caused a great famine that resulted in many Europeans fleeing to other regions of the world. – D. The fall of feudalism resulted in a decline in the economic system in Europe.

LEARNING TARGET -I will be able to identify nine European explorers and explain their contributions to exploration.

Ferdinand Magellan Born in Portugal in 1480 to noble family. Gave up citizenship in Portugal and offered exploration services to Spanish King. Motivated to find out how wide the Pacific Ocean was. Magellan led the first crew to ever sail around the world. Forced Natives to be baptized or were killed.

Vasco da Gama Born in Portugal in Motivated by finding more trade routes to Asia. First European to sail from Portugal to India. Treated natives harshly. As a result of da Gama, native peoples of Asia and Africa lost economic and political power.

Christopher Columbus Born in 1451 in Northwest Italy. Began sailing at age 12 selling his father’s wool. Convinced King and Queen of Spain to finance his first voyage. October 12, 1492, Columbus and crew reach island named San Salvador. Spain sets up first permanent European settlement here. Native population went from 300,000 in 1492 to 500 by Many killed by diseases, others tortured and killed.

Hernan Cortes Born in 1484 in Central Spain. Motivated by wealth and power. Cortes led expedition to set up colonies for Spain in the new world Cortes overthrew powerful Aztec empire capturing their leader, Moctezuma. Made surviving Aztecs slaves. European diseases killed thousands of Aztecs. Their culture was taken from them forcing them to become Christians.

John Cabot Born in 1450 in Italy. Sponsored by English King Henry the 7 th. Motivated by finding a sea route to China. Discovered Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, claiming it for England and Venice.

Francisco Pizarro Born in 1475 in Spain. Dreamed of becoming wealthy and powerful like Cortes. Led three expeditions to the western coast of South America. Ruled the Inca empire for almost 10 years. Because of trade in Incan gold and silver, Spain became the richest country in the world. Pizarro devastated the Incan Empire.

Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo First Spanish explorer to sail north from Mexico, leading to a settlement that is now California. Motivated by claiming new land for Spain and gathering wealth through trade with natives. Voyage provided Europe with new knowledge about the geography of the new world and prompted Spain to claim all land he saw.

Francis Xavier Born in 1506 in a northern province of Spain. From Spanish noble family. Took a vow to live in poverty and obedience like Christ. Worked to spread Christianity all over the world. Francis baptized over 10,000 people in southern China. Francis baptized over 300,000 Japanese.

Vasco Nunez de Balboa Born in 1475 in Spain. Motivated by Columbus exploration. First European to ever see the Pacific Ocean. Enslaved Native Americans and made them mine for gold.

Monuments Once you finish collecting information about each of the nine explorers, you are going to create a monument to the last explorer you research. Your monument should include: European PerspectiveIndigenous Perspective Visual Representation of your explorer Area explored (map)/country represented European GainsImpact on Indigenous cultures 1 to 2 Paragraph summary of your explorer. 1 to 2 paragraph summary of your explorer.

Poster Layout Title European PerspectiveIndigenous Perspective Explorer Summary from European Perspective Explorer Summary from Indigenous Perspective MAP Picture from European Perspective Picture from Indigenous Perspective List European GainsList Indigenous Losses