Lipids & Cell Membranes

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Presentation transcript:

Lipids & Cell Membranes Honors Biology

Objectives Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for how carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other elements to form amino acids and/or other large carbon-based molecules. Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence how feedback mechanisms maintain homeostasis.

Lipids

Recall: Macromolecules BIG biological molecules Made of smaller parts Monomers Carbon-based (organic) Carbohydrates Nucleic acids Proteins Lipids

Lipids Monomer? Used for: Examples: Found in: Glycerol head Fatty acid tail Used for: Long term energy storage Insulation Major component of membranes Signaling molecules and hormones Examples: Fats, oils, waxes Found in: All the good tasting foods 

Cell Membranes

Cellular Biology Review All cells have cell membranes Some cells (eukaryotes) have membranes surrounding organelles Example: nucleus All cells need to import and export molecules in order to function properly and maintain homeostasis

Cell Membrane Function: Homeostasis! Regulate passage of nutrients, wastes, gases, and water into and out of cell Selectively permeable – “picky” about what passes Separate cell from the environment Allow cells to communicate with other cells via receptors on the surface

Cell membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins

Structure of the Cell Membrane Made of phospholipid bilayer Phosphate (hydrophilic) “head” Lipid (hydrophobic) “tail” Phospholipid bilayer

Structure of the Cell Membrane Protein channels Allow large molecules to pass through Protein channels

Structure of the Cell Membrane Receptor Protein Receives messages from outside the cell Cell communication is key for homeostasis! Receptor Protein

Structure of the Cell Membrane Cholesterol Lipids that prevent freezing Helps membrane remain fluid (flexible) Cholesterol

Structure of the Cell Membrane Integral proteins Help with cell signaling Act in cell recognition (“name tags”) Integral Protein

Structure of the Cell Membrane Peripheral proteins Give structure to cell Cytoskeleton can anchor Peripheral Protein

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