The Progressive Era Chapter 9

Four Goals of Progressivism Meaning Example Protecting Social Welfare Promoting Moral Improvement Creating Economic Reform Fostering Efficiency YMCA opened libraries, sponsored classes, built pools and courts Salvation Army opened soup kitchens, instructed poor immigrants on middle-class values Florence Kelly helped pass laws to improve the lives of women and children improve some of the harsh conditions of industrialization help improve poor conditions improve the personal behaviors of groups to help improve their lives. Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) campaigned for prohibition (banning of alcoholic beverages) opened schools for immigrants and women fought for suffrage questioned the capitalist system (due to Panic of 1893) promoted/supported socialism criticized big business Eugene Debs formed the Socialist Party muckrakers (magazine journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of business and public life) exposed businesses such as Rockefeller and Standard Oil Company focused on data that documented the high cost of working hours on individuals and society break manufacturing tasks into smaller parts scientific management applied to factories to see how fast tasks could be completed Henry Ford reduced the work day and paid workers an affordable wage as an incentive used experts and scientists to make society and the workplace more efficient

Describe the setting of the cartoon. How is Carry Nation portrayed in this cartoon? What is the message of the cartoon? Do you think the cartoonist had a favorable or unfavorable opinion of this prohibitionist? Explain

Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal Section 3

Additional Terms Meat inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act conservation Sherman Antitrust Act

none none called both sides to the W. H. to negotiate threatened to take over mines none Filed 44 law suits against trusts under the Sherman Antitrust Act Sherman Antitrust Act Urged Congress to strengthen the Interstate Commerce Act (ICC) fought for passage of the Elkins and Hepburn Act Interstate Commerce Act Elkins Act – cannot give or receive rebates Hepburn Act – limited free passes appointed a commission to investigate the meatpacking industry pushed for the passage of the Meat Inspection Act Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act Promoted conservation of natural resources set aside thousands of acres of forest preserves, water-power sites, wildlife sanctuaries, and national parks. named professional conservationist to head the U.S. Forest Service promoted large-scale irrigation projects National Reclamation Act (Newlands Act) Appointed and African American as head of the Charleston, SC custom-house refused to dismiss and African American postmistress in MS Invited Booker T. Washington to dinner none

Changing Roles of Women Section 2 and 5

Bell Ringer – 11/22/13 What does this photograph show? How does this photo show the importance of the invention of bloomers? Why would bloomers have been controversial during this period?

Women in the Work Force Women began to fulfill important roles outside the home Before marriage care for home and family After poorer women expected to work outside the home handle farm work work in factories (textile) higher educated women filled new skilled jobs Immigrants and African Americans worked as domestic servants

Leading Reform Increased attendance at women’s colleges Reform the workplace health and safety “social housekeeping” Formed suffrage organizations NACW (National Association of Colored Women) NAWSA (National American Woman Suffrage Association) Founded by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

How to add an Amendment Option 1 Option 2

National Movement Increased activism of local groups Local groups formed made up of educated women Door-to-door campaigns Using bold strategies Used heckling and other bold tactics towards gov. officials Lucy Burns and Alice Paul organized round-the-clock picket line, resulting in arrest, jailing, and hunger strike National movement Carrie Chapman Catt (President of NAWSA) Believed in 5 principals (most importantly – gracious, ladylike behavior)

Women Win WWI – women’s efforts and contribution increased Earned them the 19th Amendment – women granted suffrage Ratified in August 1920

Progressivism Under Taft Section 4

Taft’s Presidency What did Taft support during his presidency?

Republican Party Splits Progressives Conservatives Why did they support or oppose Taft? What party did they form or stay with?

1912 Election Political Parties 4 candidates ran from different parties Bull Moose Party (Progressive Party) Republican Party Democratic Party Socialist Party Your group will be assigned one of the following parties. You will complete the following tasks and present to the class. State your candidate List what their candidate’s platform issues Think about tariffs, big business, women’s suffrage, progressive reforms, etc. Create a campaign ad in support of your candidate (cartoon, poster, etc)