THE STORY OF MOSES AND THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT EGYPT

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Presentation transcript:

THE STORY OF MOSES AND THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT EGYPT Lesson One: UNDERSTANDING ANCIENT EGYPT

Purpose for this Study Learn more about the historical context of the story of Moses Demonstrate the truthfulness and historical accuracy of the Bible Strengthen our faith and knowledge in God and His word by examining the real time and history in which it occurred

Land of Egypt “Egypt” from Gk. Aigyptos Located in NE corner of Africa 390,000 sq. miles 4% inhabitable, mostly in close proximity to Nile River

Nile was life of Egypt – annual flooding Divided Upper Egypt (valley) from Lower Egypt (delta) Deserts on east and west isolate culture Important sites: Memphis, Thebes, Giza, Alexandria, etc.

Connections between Egypt and Bible Abraham (Gen. 12:10-20) Joseph (Gen. 37-50) Rise of Israel and Moses (Ex. 1-14) Josiah (2 Chron. 35:20-22; 2 King 23:29) Jeremiah (Jer. 42-45) Prophecy (Isa. 19; Jer. 46; Ezek. 29-32) Jesus (Matt. 2:13-21)

Understanding Egyptian Chronology Necessary to read Egyptian writing – Hieroglyphics Unknown until the discovery of the Rosetta Stone in 1799 Inscribed in three languages: Hieroglyphic, Demotic, Greek Deciphered by Champollion in 1822

Hieroglyphics Rosetta Stone Demotic Greek

King of Upper and Lower Egypt Son of Re Nebkheperure Tutankhamun Given Life Eternally King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Nebkheperure, son of Re, Tutankhamun, given life eternally

Sources for Reign Chronologies Palermo Stone Royal List of Karnak Royal List of Abydos Abydos King List Royal List of Saqqara Royal Canon of Turin

Palermo Stone

Royal List of Abydos

Abydos King List

Absolute Dates? Relies on astronomical dating Sothic cycle of 1460 years Later regal dates are firm; middle period is relatively firm; early dates can very 50-100 years We can be confident with the chronology used in this study Radical variations in chronology are untenable

Egyptian History Manetho Wrote Egyptian History [Notes about Egypt] in which he provided a basic structure of Egyptian history Lived during the reign of Ptolemy I Had access to all sources known and some not preserved

Egyptian History No full text of his History survives Known from extensive quoting by Josephus, Sextus Julius Africanus, and Eusebuis Divided Egyptian history into 30 dynasties (ruling houses) 32 dynasties now identified

Major Periods Early Dynastic Period (3150-2686) Old Kingdom (2685-2181) First Intermediate Period (2180-2040) Middle Kingdom (2039-1782) Second Intermediate Period (1781-1570) New Kingdom (1569-1070)

Major Periods Third Intermediate Period (1069-525) Late Period (524-332) Graeco-Roman Period (331–AD 641)

“In order that the living may know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, gives it to whomever He will, and sets over it the lowest of men” (Dan. 4:11, 25)

Exploring the Bible Timeline Our Next Lesson Exploring the Bible Timeline