1. Ancient Egypt NOTES 2

2. Review Geography – ___________ – very rich soil Daily Life – Most people were __________,___________, or ___________ – Writing system – Wrote on tomb walls and papyrus rolls using ____________ – __________ Stone was the key to _____hieroglyphics

3. Religion Egyptians were ___________ Each god or goddess were known for their own specialties – There are as many as _______gods and goddess's

4. Religion Sun gods – Ra _____ _________ – ______________ New Kingdom Land gods (__________) – _________ – __________ Middle Kingdom MORE

5. Religion When you died, you were ____________ – Early ancient Egyptians would bury their dead in sand pits, ____________________from the natural dehydration – Started to _____________________to protect from wild animals, but bodies would decay Thus creating the process of mummification

6. Government The _________ was the most important person in Ancient Egypt – __________ and __________leader of Egypt

7. Government As 'Lord of the Two Lands‘ (______ and _______Egypt) the pharaoh owned all of the land, made laws, collected taxes, and defended Egypt against foreigners. As ____________of Every Temple', the pharaoh represented the gods on Earth. He performed rituals and built temples to honor the gods.

8. Old Kingdom 2650-2150 BC (Collapsed due to famine and lost of government confidence) _______________ – Preserve bodies for the afterlife Pharaohs – Divine selection – ________ (3 rd ) ________, ________ & ________ (4 th ) First pyramids constructed – Step pyramids of Saqqara – Great pyramid of _______

9. Middle Kingdom 2040-1640 BC 11 th Dynasty- 14 th Dynasty Rule extended from ________ to __________ Considered the “Golden Age” ____________ II ruled from Thebes in Upper Egypt. Hyksos move the __________ to the Nile Delta Introduction of ____________

10. New Kingdom 1540-1070 BC __________ Leader _________- first ______ ruler in history Akhenaten- first _____________ ___________- tomb discovered in 1922 __________- the mightiest and most __________

11. Greco-Roman Period Assyrian ruled from 664-653 BC Nectanebo II- last Egyptian king Alexander inherits the throne and founded Alexandria General Ptolemy – Welcomed immigrants – Encouraged Greek-speaking aristocracy – Built the first lighthouse – Embraced the culture of brother-sister marriage – Opened the cities up to become more Hellenistic

12. Egyptian Culture Weakened Cleopatra ruled 51-30 BC – Lived with eastern Roman ruler Mark Anthony – Overtaken by western Roman ruler, Octavian (nephew of Julius Caesar) 27 BC- Octavian took the title of Augustus and became first Roman Emperor