Lipids

Lipid Structure Fats, Oils, Cholesterol, Waxes Monomer: Fatty Acid Polymer: Lipid Phospholipid: Structure (3 parts): “Head” = Glycerol & Phosphate “Tails” = 2 Fatty acids Function: Make up the cell membrane Triglyceride: Structure (2 parts): “Head” = Glycerol “Tails” = 3 Fatty acids Function: Provide energy for cells, insulation Cholesterol: Gives cell membrane flexibility Glycerol molecule

Saturated Fatty Acids Long chain of C-C bonds (all single bonds) Each C is “saturated” with H atoms Common in animal fats Health Alert! Solid at room temps; more likely to clog veins Think

Unsaturated Fatty Acids Chain with C=C bonds (double bonds) Double bonds prevents H from attaching Double bonds makes the chain crooked Unsaturated: Less space for H atoms Common in plants Health Alert! Liquid at room temps; Less likely to clog veins Think

Saturated vs. Unsaturated 18 16

Normally, blood flows freely through a vein Blood vein RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC

Too much saturated fats… Blood vein RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC Reduced circulation… Blood clots… High blood pressure Cholesterol & saturated fats

Cholesterol levels

Review Lipids What are the three parts of a phospholipid called? Which part is the “head”? Which part are the “tails”? How many? What are the 2 parts of a triglyceride called? How do saturated and unsaturated fatty acids differ? Which lipid gives cells their flexibility? Why are saturated fats less healthy?